Theasinensin A attenuated diabetic development by restoring glucose homeostasis, improving hepatic steatosis and modulating gut microbiota in high-fat-diet/streptozotocin-induced d... by Weiqi Xu, Yujie Huang, Wangting Zhou, Yujia Peng, Xuhui Kan, Wei Dong, Guijie Chen, Xiaoxiong Zeng, Zhonghua Liu

“…The results indicated that TSA could exert an anti-diabetes effect in diabetic mice through restoring glucose homeostasis, declining hepatic steatosis, activating insulin and GLP-1 signaling pathways, and ameliorating gut microbiota dysbiosis.…”
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Activation of GPR119 Stimulates Human β-Cell Replication and Neogenesis in Humanized Mice with Functional Human Islets by Ansarullah, Colette Free, Jenica Christopherson, Quanhai Chen, Jie Gao, Chengyang Liu, Ali Naji, Alex Rabinovitch, Zhiguang Guo

“…Insulin and CK19 immunostaining was performed to evaluate β-cell neogenesis. …”
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Association of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1 Gene Polymorphisms in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Malaysians by Polin Haghvirdizadeh, Vasudevan Ramachandran, Ali Etemad, Farzad Heidari, Nooshin Ghodsian, Norzian Bin Ismail, Patimah Ismail

“…Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex polygenic disorder characterized by impaired insulin resistance, insulin secretion, and dysregulation of lipid and protein metabolism with environmental and genetic factors. …”
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Association between dietary mineral intake and new onset diabetes/pre-diabetes after chronic pancreatitis by Bingqing Li, Shan Guo, Wenlu Zong, Yuning Chu, Qi Zhang, Xiaoyan Yin, Tao Mao, Xiaoyu Li

“…In addition, there is a correlation between fasting insulin and average magnesium intake in the NODCP group. …”
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Triglyceride Glucose Index Was a Predictor of 6-Month Readmission Caused by Pulmonary Infection of Heart Failure Patients by Licheng Shi, Jianan Liu, Xuanfeng Zhu, Tiantian Li, Jingli Wen, Xinyu Wang, Xu Qi

“…Objectives. Insulin resistance is associated with the prognosis of heart failure (HF) patients. …”
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Phenolic Compounds and Anthocyanins in Legumes and Their Impact on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Metabolism: Comprehensive Review by Rocio Guadalupe Hernández-Ruiz, Xochitl Citalli Olivares-Ochoa, Yahatziri Salinas-Varela, David Guajardo-Espinoza, Luis Gustavo Roldán-Flores, Edgar Alfonso Rivera-Leon, Andres López-Quintero

“…Both processes lead to cellular damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance, particularly affecting adipose tissue, the liver, muscles, and the gastrointestinal tract. …”
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The Outcomes of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus after a Telecare Approach Are Not Inferior to Traditional Outpatient Clinic Visits by Natalia Pérez-Ferre, Mercedes Galindo, M. Dolores Fernández, Victoria Velasco, Isabelle Runkle, M. José de la Cruz, Patricia Martín Rojas-Marcos, Laura del Valle, Alfonso L. Calle-Pascual

“…Despite a significant reduction in outpatient clinic visits in the experimental group, particularly in insulin-treated women (2.4 versus 4.6 hours per insulin-treated woman resp.; P<.001), no significant differences were found between the experimental and traditional groups regarding HbA1c levels (all women had HbA1c <5.8% during pregnancy), normal vaginal delivery (40.8% versus 54.2%, resp.; P>.05) and large-for-gestational-age newborns (6.1% versus 8.3%, resp.; P>.05). …”
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The Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on the Pancreas and Macroangiopathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Rats by Shan Huang, Wenfang Peng, Xiaohong Jiang, Kan Shao, Lili Xia, Yubin Tang, Jiayin Qiu

“…After supplementing CrPic for 15 weeks, the histopathological examination was performed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Serum insulin and NO level were determined by radioimmunoassay and colorimetry, respectively. …”
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High Plasma Glucagon Levels Correlate with Waist-to-Hip Ratio, Suprailiac Skinfold Thickness, and Deep Subcutaneous Abdominal and Intraperitoneal Adipose Tissue Depots in Nonobese... by Shajith Anoop, Anoop Misra, Surya Prakash Bhatt, Seema Gulati, Harsh Mahajan, Gokulraj Prabakaran

“…Plasma glucose and glucagon, serum insulin, hepatic transaminases, and lipid profile were measured. …”
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Reversal of Early Diabetic Nephropathy by Islet Transplantation under the Kidney Capsule in a Rat Model by Yunqiang He, Ziqiang Xu, Mingshi Zhou, Minmin Wu, Xuehai Chen, Silu Wang, Kaiyan Qiu, Yong Cai, Hongxing Fu, Bicheng Chen, Mengtao Zhou

“…Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, and insulin therapy has many side effects in the treatment of DN. …”
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Sociocultural and Socioeconomic Influences on Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Overweight/Obese African-American and Latino-American Children and Adolescents by Rebecca E. Hasson, Tanja C. Adam, Jay Pearson, Jaimie N. Davis, Donna Spruijt-Metz, Michael I. Goran

“…Household social position was calculated using the Hollingshead Two-Factor Index of Social Position. Insulin sensitivity (SI), acute insulin response (AIRG) and disposition index (DI) were derived from a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT). …”
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Action Mechanisms of Metformin Combined with Exenatide and Metformin Only in the Treatment of PCOS in Obese Patients by Jingwen Gan, Jie Chen, Rui-lin Ma, Yan Deng, Xue-song Ding, Shi-yang Zhu, Ai-jun Sun

“…Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease in women of reproductive age, whose clinical characteristics are hyperandrogenism (HA), ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovary, often accompanied by insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic abnormalities. …”
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Do maternal haemodynamics have a causal influence on treatment for gestational diabetes? by Abigail R. Anness, Michael Foster, Mohammed W. Osman, David Webb, Thompson Robinson, Asma Khalil, Neil Walkinshaw, Hatem A. Mousa

“…Background Arterial stiffening is believed to contribute to the worsening of insulin resistance, and factors which are associated with needing pharmacological treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM), such as maternal obesity or advanced age, are associated with impaired cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy. …”
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FABP4 and I-FABP Levels in Pregnant Women Are Associated with Body Mass Index but Not Gestational Diabetes by Tamara Vorobjova, Aili Tagoma, Ija Talja, Helis Janson, Anne Kirss, Raivo Uibo

“…Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a regulator of lipid metabolism and is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Increased level of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) may indicate impaired intestinal permeability, which may be an important contributor to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and GDM. …”
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Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus and its complications: From pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies by Xingyu Chen, Na Xie, Lixiang Feng, Yujing Huang, Yuyao Wu, Huili Zhu, Jing Tang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Ting Gao

“…Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the onset of diabetes and its associated complications by impairing insulin production, increasing insulin resistance, maintaining hyperglycemic memory, and inducing systemic inflammation. …”
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Comparisons of Differentiation Potential in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton’s Jelly, Bone Marrow, and Pancreatic Tissues by Shih-Yi Kao, Jia-Fwu Shyu, Hwai-Shi Wang, Chi-Hung Lin, Cheng-Hsi Su, Tien-Hua Chen, Zen-Chung Weng, Pei-Jiun Tsai

“…Type 1 diabetes mellitus results from autoimmune destruction of β-cells. Insulin-producing cells (IPCs) differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in human tissues decrease blood glucose levels and improve survival in diabetic rats. …”
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Exercise and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation for the Treatment of Hepatic Steatosis in Hyperphagic OLETF Rats by Sarah J. Borengasser, R. Scott Rector, Grace M. Uptergrove, E. Matthew Morris, James W. Perfield, Frank W. Booth, Kevin L. Fritsche, Jamal A. Ibdah, John P. Thyfault

“…Exercise lowers hepatic steatosis through increased complete hepatic FAO, insulin sensitivity, and reduced expression of de novo fatty acid synthesis proteins while n3PUFAs had no effect.…”
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A randomized double-blind clinical trial investigating the effects of ellagic acid on glycemic status, liver enzymes, and oxidative stress in patients with non-alcoholic fatty live... by Sara Mighani, Rasoul Samimi, Mohamadreza Rashidi Nooshabadi, Seyed Amir Farzam, Hossein Khadem Haghighian, Maryam Javadi

“…Results At the end of the study, the mean of insulin, insulin resistance (IR), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly decreased in the intervention group (P < 0.05). …”
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A Novel Role of Globular Adiponectin in Treatment with HFD/STZ Induced T2DM Combined with NAFLD Rats by Hong Ma, Guo-Ping You, Xuan-Pu Zhang, Xiang-Jiu Yang, Hua-Dong Lu, Yan-Ling Huang, Wen-Qiang Zhang

“…Globular adiponectin could ameliorate the hepatic steatosis and vary the expressions of adiponectin receptors in liver and skeletal muscle by stimulating insulin secretion.…”
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Astragaloside IV alleviates GDM via regulating gut microbiota and gut microbiota metabolomic by Fengge Wang, Yongning Zhu, Hua Shu, Xiaoyun Zhang, Liting Duan, Dongmei Man, Yanping Wang

“…The measurements of relevant indicators pertaining to GDM symptoms and reproductive outcomes, along with the 16S rRNA sequencing data and LC-MS-based metabolomic profiles, were assessed across all groups.ResultsAfter the 25-day intervention, the GDM model + AS IV group showed significantly decreased fasting blood glucose levels (p = 0.0003), mean insulin levels (p = 0.0001), and insulin resistance index (p = 0.0001). …”
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