Clinical and Biochemical Features Used to Classify Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes: A Scoping Review by Ulagamadesan Venkatesan, Anandakumar Amutha, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Bagavandas Mappillairajan, Viswanathan Mohan

“…Clinical parameters including family history of diabetes, age at diagnosis, sex, history of insulin use, percent desirable weight or body mass index, waist, and blood pressure emerge as pivotal diagnostic tools. …”
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Intake of S-Methylmethionine Alters Glucose Metabolism and Hepatic Gene Expression in C57BL/6J High-Fat-Fed Mice by Mariana Buranelo Egea, Gavin Pierce, Neil Shay

“…HF+SMM-fed mice show improved regulation in glucose metabolism, demonstrated by the assessment of fasting glucose, insulin concentration, and HOMA-IR, compared with the HF-fed group. …”
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Changes in Metabolic Regulation and the Microbiota Composition after Supplementation with Different Fatty Acids in db/db Mice by Beatriz Elina Martínez-Carrillo, Talia Mondragón-Velásquez, Ninfa Ramírez-Durán, José Félix Aguirre-Garrido, Roxana Valdés-Ramos, Ana Laura Guadarrama-López, Arturo Castillo-Cardiel

“…Coconut oil raised the HDL-c, GIP, and TNF-α, with TG, insulin resistance, adiponectin, and C-peptide reduced. …”
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Diabetes Mellitus in Outpatients in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia by Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold, Wendwesen Dibekulu Tsega, Bayu Yihun Wale

“…Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Most people with diabetes live in low- and middle-income countries and these will experience the greatest increase in cases of diabetes over the next 22 years. …”
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Effects of Microbes on Insect Host Physiology and Behavior Mediated by the Host Immune System by Shan Zhang, Zhengyan Wang, Qiong Luo, Lizhen Zhou, Xin Du, Yonglin Ren

“…Nevertheless, increasing research has revealed that immune signaling activated by microbes also performs non-immune roles while exerting immune roles, and insulin signaling performs a key role in mediating the connection between the immune system and non-immune physiological activities. …”
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Association of Glycemic Indices (Hyperglycemia, Glucose Variability, and Hypoglycemia) with Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Complications by Eleftheria Papachristoforou, Vaia Lambadiari, Eirini Maratou, Konstantinos Makrilakis

“…In particular, hyperglycemia promotes the creation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), and the hyperactivity of hexosamine and sorbitol pathways, leading to the development of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and endothelial dysfunction, by inducing excessive ROS production and OS. …”
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Comparable Effects of Brief Resistance Exercise and Isotime Sprint Interval Exercise on Glucose Homeostasis in Men by Tomas K. Tong, Zhaowei Kong, Xueying Shi, Qingde Shi

“…In comparison to a no exercise control trial (CON), the area under curve (AUC) of plasma glucose was reduced with both RES and SIE (P<0.05), while insulin AUC was only reduced with RES. Cederholm, Gutt, Matsuda, and HOMA indices were improved (P<0.05) following RES compared to CON. …”
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Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Symptoms in Elderly Patients with Diabetes: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Comorbidity by Malgorzata Gorska-Ciebiada, Malgorzata Saryusz-Wolska, Maciej Ciebiada, Jerzy Loba

“…Significant predictors of having a depressive mood included female gender, single marital status, current and past smoking status, lack of physical activity, higher BMI and total cholesterol level, increased number of comorbidities, history of hypoglycemia, and insulin treatment. Factors associated with both MCI and depressive syndrome were female gender, single marital status, past smoking status, retinopathy, previous CVD or stroke, increased number of comorbidities, and insulin treatment. …”
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Multiple Factors Related to the Secretion of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 by XingChun Wang, Huan Liu, Jiaqi Chen, Yan Li, Shen Qu

“…It regulates the secretion and sensitivity of insulin while suppressing glucagon secretion and decreasing postprandial glucose levels. …”
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Effect of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide on Decreasing Serum Amyloid A3 Expression through Inhibiting NF-κB Activation in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Nephropathy by Fengqi Wan, Fulin Ma, Jiaxin Wu, Xinyu Qiao, Minxue Chen, Wenjian Li, Liang Ma

“…Blood glucose was assessed before and after 8-week administration of LBP, and the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated for evaluating the antidiabetic effect of LBP. …”
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Diabetic Ketoacidosis Precipitated by COVID-19: A Case Report by Prathayini Paramanathan, Muhammad Abbas

“…The patient was on intravenous fluids, insulin therapy and empirical antibiotics for the next few weeks, and eventually recovered. …”
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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Psoriasis by Ilkin Zindancı, Ozlem Albayrak, Mukaddes Kavala, Emek Kocaturk, Burce Can, Sibel Sudogan, Melek Koç

“…It is thought that chronic inflammation results in metabolic diseases and proinflammatory cytokines give rise to the development of atherogenesis, peripheral insulin resistance, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. …”
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The relationship of growth differentiation factor 15 with some biochemical parameters in cardiovascular disease patients in Babylon City by Hiba Resheed Behayaa, Zinah Abbass Ali, Seenaa Badr Mohammed, Suhayr A. Alqaysi

“…Objective: The objective of the study was the valuation of GDF15 level in the serum of patients with CVD in Babylon City and to check whether there was a link between age, body mass index, lipid profile, insulin resistance, adiponectin and C-reactive protein with GDF15. …”
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Early Postoperative Outcomes and Medication Cost Savings after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Morbidly Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes by Bethany J. Slater, Nina Bellatorre, Dan Eisenberg

“…Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). …”
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Free Triiodothyronine and Cholesterol Levels in Euthyroid Elderly T2DM Patients by F. Strollo, I. Carucci, M. Morè, G. Marico, G. Strollo, M. A. Masini, S. Gentile

“…When divided according to treatment by oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHA) and insulin (IT), they reacted differently with respect to investigated associations: in the OHA’s TC and LDL-C correlated negatively with FT4 and showed no association with FT3, whereas, in the IT’s TC and LDL-C correlated positively with FT3 and negatively with FT4. …”
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Mechanism of Ferroptosis and Its Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Wenxin Sha, Fei Hu, Yang Xi, Yudong Chu, Shizhong Bu

“…It is involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) impairment and arsenic-induced pancreatic damage in the pathogenesis of diabetes. …”
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Toll-Like Receptor-4 Mediated Inflammation Is Involved in the Cardiometabolic Alterations Induced by Intermittent Hypoxia by Laureline Poulain, Vincent Richard, Patrick Lévy, Maurice Dematteis, Claire Arnaud

“…Animals were assessed at 1-week exposure for insulin tolerance test and after 4-week exposure for morphological and inflammatory changes of the epididymal fat and thoracic aorta. …”
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Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR-II) Antagonist Reduces Body Weight Gain in Mice by Tomoko Asagami, Joseph K. Belanoff, Junya Azuma, Christine M. Blasey, Robin D. Clark, Philip S. Tsao

“…This proof-of-concept study tested whether a more potent and selective glucocorticoid receptor antagonist could block dietary-induced weight gain and increase insulin sensitivity in mice. Ten-week-old, male, C57BL/6J mice were fed a diet containing 60% fat calories and water supplemented with 11% sucrose for 4 weeks. …”
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Effects of Melatonin on Some Antioxidant Enzymes in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats by Ercan Keskin, Durmuş Hatipoğlu, Deniz Uluışık

“…In blood samples taken from all animals, insulin, glucose, HbA1c, MDA, GSH, SOD were determined. …”
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Muscular Dystrophies at Different Ages: Metabolic and Endocrine Alterations by Oriana del Rocío Cruz Guzmán, Ana Laura Chávez García, Maricela Rodríguez-Cruz

“…Two of the most important metabolic alterations in muscular dystrophies may be insulin resistance and obesity. However, only insulin resistance has been demonstrated in myotonic dystrophy. …”
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