Visfatin Induces Inflammation and Insulin Resistance via the NF-κB and STAT3 Signaling Pathways in Hepatocytes by Yu Jung Heo, Sung-E Choi, Ja Young Jeon, Seung Jin Han, Dae Jung Kim, Yup Kang, Kwan Woo Lee, Hae Jin Kim

“…It has been suggested that visfatin, which is an adipocytokine, exhibits proinflammatory properties and is associated with insulin resistance. Insulin resistance and inflammation are the principal pathogeneses of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the relationship, if any, between visfatin and NAFLD remains unclear. …”
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The Relationship between Branched-Chain Amino Acid Related Metabolomic Signature and Insulin Resistance: A Systematic Review by Xue Zhao, Qing Han, Yujia Liu, Chenglin Sun, Xiaokun Gang, Guixia Wang

“…Recent studies have shown the positive association between increased circulating BCAAs (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) and insulin resistance (IR) in obese or diabetic patients. …”
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Insulin/IGF-I and Related Signaling Pathways Regulate Aging in Nondividing Cells: from Yeast to the Mammalian Brain by Edoardo Parrella, Valter D. Longo

“…Mutations that reduce glucose or insulin/insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) signaling increase longevity in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. …”
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Sex differences of molecular mechanisms of insulin sensitivity in young and adult C57BL/6J mice by T. V. Yakovleva, A. Yu. Kazantseva, E. N.  Makarova, N. M. Bazhan

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Associations between accurate measures of adiposity and fitness, blood proteins, and insulin sensitivity among South Asians and Europeans by Pik Fang Kho, Pik Fang Kho, Laurel Stell, Shirin Jimenez, Shirin Jimenez, Daniela Zanetti, Daniela Zanetti, Daniela Zanetti, Daniel J. Panyard, Kathleen L. Watson, Ashish Sarraju, Ashish Sarraju, Ming-Li Chen, Ming-Li Chen, Lars Lind, John R. Petrie, Khin N. Chan, Holly Fonda, Kyla Kent, Kyla Kent, Jonathan N. Myers, Jonathan N. Myers, Jonathan N. Myers, Latha Palaniappan, Latha Palaniappan, Latha Palaniappan, Fahim Abbasi, Themistocles L. Assimes, Themistocles L. Assimes, Themistocles L. Assimes, Themistocles L. Assimes

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Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, and Obesity: Role of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (orCCL2) in the Regulation of Metabolism by Anna Rull, Jordi Camps, Carlos Alonso-Villaverde, Jorge Joven

“…Main topics cover the relationship between MCP-1/CCL2, insulin resistance, inflammation, obesity, and related metabolic disturbances.…”
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Serum Osteoprotegerin Is a Potential Biomarker of Insulin Resistance in Chinese Postmenopausal Women with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes by Peng Duan, Min Yang, Meilin Wei, Jia Liu, Ping Tu

“…Increased serum OPG levels (OR = 1.009, p=0.006) may be a risk factor for insulin resistance. The present study suggests that OPG might be implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and is a potential biomarker of insulin resistance in subjects with diabetes and prediabetes.…”
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Association of Estimated Insulin Resistance with N-Terminal B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Concentration in Men with Metabolic Syndrome by Paweł Krzesiński, Wiesław Piechota, Katarzyna Piotrowicz, Grzegorz Gielerak, Agnieszka Woźniak-Kosek

“…The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of NT-proBNP with estimated insulin resistance (eIR) in men with MS. Methods. …”
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Pregnancy Complicated by Maternal MODY 3 and Paternal MODY 2 Diabetes and Subsequent Rapidly Falling Insulin Requirement by Anastasia Mikuscheva, Adel Mekhail, Benjamin J. Wheeler

“…In addition, the pregnancy was complicated by drastically falling insulin requirements in the mother in the 3rd trimester as well as preterm labour and delivery at 33+4 weeks of gestation.…”
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Association between the Time of Length since Smoking Cessation and Insulin Resistance in Asymptomatic Korean Male Ex-Smokers by Ko-Woon Kim, Sung-Goo Kang, Sang-Wook Song, Na-Rae Kim, Jun-Seung Rho, Yun-Ah Lee

“…Smoking is a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus, mainly due to decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance. …”
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Liver-Specific Overexpression of Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Ameliorates Insulin Sensitivity of Male C57BL/6 Mice by Yang Long, Dan Jia, Libin Wei, Yumei Yang, Haoming Tian, Tao Chen

“…Increased GGT activity had no effect on the glucose tolerance but could facilitate blood glucose lowering after intraperitoneal insulin administration. The results of Western blotting showed that increased GGT activity enhanced insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation at Ser473. …”
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JinQi Jiangtang Tablet Regulates Gut Microbiota and Improve Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes Mice by Ying Cao, Guowang Yao, Yuanyuan Sheng, Li Yang, Zixuan Wang, Zhen Yang, Pengwei Zhuang, Yanjun Zhang

“…JQJT tablets could also reduce the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1, which were related to insulin resistance. Conclusion. We demonstrated that JQJT tablets could improve T2DM insulin resistance, regulating the gut microbiota and promoting the production of SCFAs. …”
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Guidelines of the Polish Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and Pediatric Section of Diabetes Poland on insulin therapy using hybrid closed-loop systems in children and adolescents with diabetes in Poland by Agnieszka Szadkowska, Agata Chobot, Barbara Głowińska-Olszewska, Przemysława Jarosz-Chobot, Beata Mianowska, Małgorzata Myśliwiec, Agnieszka Szypowska, Agnieszka Zubkiewicz-Kucharska, Mieczysław Walczak

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Ketosis Onset Type 2 Diabetes Had Better Islet β-Cell Function and More Serious Insulin Resistance by Hongyun Lu, Fang Hu, Yingjuan Zeng, Lingling Zou, Shunkui Luo, Ying Sun, Hong Liu, Liao Sun

“…From these data, we concluded that ketosis onset T2DM had better islet β-cell function and more serious insulin resistance than nonketotic onset T2DM.…”
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Higher Concentrations of BCAAs and 3-HIB Are Associated with Insulin Resistance in the Transition from Gestational Diabetes to Type 2 Diabetes by Ulrika Andersson-Hall, Carolina Gustavsson, Anders Pedersen, Daniel Malmodin, Louise Joelsson, Agneta Holmäng

“…Blood was analysed for clinical variables (e.g., insulin, glucose, HbA1c, adiponectin, leptin, and lipid levels) and NMR metabolomics. …”
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FTO rs9939609 Does Not Interact with Physical Exercise but Influences Basal Insulin Metabolism in Brazilian Overweight and Obese Adolescents by Gabrielle Araujo do Nascimento, Neiva Leite, Lupe Furtado-Alle, Mayza Dalcin Teixeira, Ricardo Lehtonen Rodrigues de Souza, Gerusa Eisfeld Milano, Larissa Rosa da Silva, Juliana Pizzi, Wendell Arthur Lopes, Maria de Fátima Aguiar Lopes, Ana Cláudia Kapp Titski, Luciane Viater Tureck

“…In our study, the rs9939609 AA genotype was associated with parameters related to insulin metabolism but did not interact with physical exercise.…”
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The neurohormone tyramine stimulates the secretion of an insulin-like peptide from the Caenorhabditis elegans intestine to modulate the systemic stress response. by Tania Veuthey, Jeremy T Florman, Sebastián Giunti, Stefano Romussi, María José De Rosa, Mark J Alkema, Diego Rayes

“…The DAF-2/insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway plays an evolutionarily conserved role in regulating reproductive development, life span, and stress resistance. …”
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Dipeptidyl-Peptidase 4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Ameliorates Hepatic Insulin Resistance by Modulating Inflammation and Autophagy in ob/ob Mice by Wenbin Zheng, Jing Zhou, Shasha Song, Wen Kong, Wenfang Xia, Lulu Chen, Tianshu Zeng

“…They are associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and insulin resistance. Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitor, has been reported to show multiple biological activities beyond the antidiabetic property. …”
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Carrageenan-Free Diet Shows Improved Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Signaling in Prediabetes: A Randomized, Pilot Clinical Trial by Leo Feferman, Sumit Bhattacharyya, Erin Oates, Nicole Haggerty, Tianxiu Wang, Krista Varady, Joanne K. Tobacman

“…Previous work indicated that low concentrations of carrageenan in drinking water caused marked glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in a mouse model. This exploratory, clinical study tested the impact of the no-carrageenan diet in prediabetes. …”
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Reduced Systemic Levels of IL-10 Are Associated with the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Insulin Resistance in Morbidly Obese Humans by Sonia Leon-Cabrera, Yoaly Arana-Lechuga, Enrique Esqueda-León, Guadalupe Terán-Pérez, Antonio Gonzalez-Chavez, Galileo Escobedo, Javier Velázquez Moctezuma

“…Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been related to elevation of inflammatory cytokines and development of insulin resistance in morbidly obese (MO) subjects. …”
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