Differential impact of TyG and TyG-BMI indices on short- and long-term mortality in critically ill ischemic stroke patients by Yufan Pu, Na Xing, Ying Wang, Huihuang Wang, Jiang Xu, Xuejing Li

“…The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a marker for insulin resistance, has gained attention for its potential to predict adverse outcomes in stroke patients. …”
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Kefir Prevents Adipose Tissue Growth Through the Induction of Apoptotic Elements in High-Fructose Corn Syrup-Fed Rats by Esra Aslan, Gokhan Sadi, Hilal Guzel, Cigdem Karaca, Omer Adil Korkmaz, Mine Kanat Pektas, Mehmet Celegen, Tugce Aladag, Seyma Oncu, Mehmet Bilgehan Pektas

“…HFCS (20%, w/v ) was given in drinking water and kefir (1 mL/100 g body weight) by gastric gavage daily for 8 weeks. Levels of insulin signaling, inflammation, and apoptosis-associated proteins of adipose tissues were determined with Western blot and immunohistochemical techniques. …”
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Sodium arsenite induces islets β-cells apoptosis and dysfunction via SET-Rac1-mediated cytoskeleton disturbance by Tianming Qiu, Yu Zhi, Jingyuan Zhang, Ningning Wang, Xiaofeng Yao, Guang Yang, Liping Jiang, Li Lv, Xiance Sun

“…Notably, overexpression of SET or inhibition of Rac1 substantially mitigated the apoptosis of islet β-cells and ameliorated the impaired insulin secretion (increased from 0.1 ng/ml to 0.2 ng/ml) caused by NaAsO2 exposure. …”
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ECM-mimicking hydrogel models of human adipose tissue identify deregulated lipid metabolism in the prostate cancer-adipocyte crosstalk under antiandrogen therapy by Agathe Bessot, Joan Röhl, Maria Emmerich, Anton Klotz, Akhilandeshwari Ravichandran, Christoph Meinert, David Waugh, Jacqui McGovern, Jenni Gunter, Nathalie Bock

“…This response changes under Enzalutamide, with increased AR expression and adipogenic and lipogenic genes in cancer cells and decreased lipid content and gene dysregulation associated with insulin resistance in adipocytes. This is in line with the metabolic syndrome that men with mCRPC under Enzalutamide experience. …”
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The impact of short-term changes in sleeping and eating patterns on glucometabolic health and gut microbiota in healthy young adults: a proof-of-concept controlled feeding study by Jiehua Chen, Ruijie Zhang, Chao Zhou, Louise Weiwei Lu, Dana Feng, Haiqiao Zou, Ran Gao, Xinying Zhang, Peiyi Chen, Jiayue Zhu, Haoxie Xu, Nina Zeng, Cijuan Zhang, Bin Liu, Mingfu Wang, Qian Ge, Caiqun Ouyang, Feng Chen

“…Circadian rhythm misalignment led to significantly higher levels of fasting glucose and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of subjects compared to baseline and failed to recover to the baseline level in circadian rhythm realignments. …”
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The synergistic effect of the triglyceride-glucose index and a body shape index on cardiovascular mortality: the construction of a novel cardiovascular risk marker by Hao-ming He, Ying-ying Xie, Qiang Chen, Yi-ke Li, Xue-xi Li, Sun-jing Fu, Na Li, Yan-ru Han, Yan-xiang Gao, Jin-gang Zheng

“…Abstract Background Insulin resistance, represented by increased triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index levels, shows interplay with visceral obesity and together promotes cardiovascular diseases and mortality. …”
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Dietary caloric input and tumor growth accelerate senescence and modulate liver and adipose tissue crosstalk by José Xavier do Nascimento Júnior, Júlia da Conceição Gomes, Ricardo Imbroisi Filho, Helber de Maia Valença, Jéssica Ristow Branco, Amanda Bandeira Araújo, Amanda de Oliveira Esteves Moreira, Letícia Diniz Crepaldi, Larissa Pereira Paixão, Alan C. Ochioni, Thainá M. Demaria, João Gabriel Bernardo Leandro, Livia Marques Casanova, Mauro Sola-Penna, Patricia Zancan

“…Importantly, the induced tumor induces the wasting and browning of white adipose tissue, thereby reversing diet-induced insulin resistance. Finally, we suggest that tumor growth alters liver-adipose tissue crosstalk that upregulates Fgf21, induces senescence, and negatively modulates lipids and carbohydrates metabolism even in caloric-restricted-fed mice.…”
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Dietary patterns related to triglyceride glucose index and risk of type 2 diabetes: a large-scale cohort study by Dong Liu, Dong Liu, Ziwei Liu, Yue Wu, Yan Hong, Jinghao Fang, Ying Lu, Guangfei Xu, Peipei Kang, Tong Liu, Li-Hua Chen, Li-Hua Chen

“…BackgroundTriglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a credible and simple surrogate indicator for insulin resistance. The primary aim of this study was to novelly examine the associations between dietary patterns reflecting variations in circulating TyG index and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsThis study included 120,988 participants from the UK Biobank, all of whom completed multiple 24-h dietary assessments. …”
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Stimulation of Alpha1-Adrenergic Receptor Ameliorates Cellular Functions of Multiorgans beyond Vasomotion through PPARδ by Yong-Jik Lee, Hyun Soo Kim, Hong Seog Seo, Jin Oh Na, You-Na Jang, Yoon-Mi Han, Hyun-Min Kim

“…The treatment lowered blood pressure, fat and body weight, cholesterol levels, and inflammatory activity; increased ATP content and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscles; and increased cardiac contractile function without exercise training. …”
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A systematic review of plant-based therapy for the management of diabetes mellitus in the East Africa community by Nancy Bonareri Mitaki, Ilemobayo Victor Fasogbon, Onyinye Vivian Ojiakor, Wusa Makena, Emmanuel O. Ikuomola, Reuben Samson Dangana, Ibe Micheal Usman, Ekom Monday Etukudo, Augustine Oviosun, Swase Dominic Terkimbi, Elizabeth Bessy Umoren, Angela Mumbua Musyoka, Solomon A Mbina, Esther Ugo Alum, Ibrahim Babangida Abubakar, Godson Emeka Anyanwu, Patrick Maduabuchi Aja

“…We extracted and analyzed information from the literature and showed that seven medicinal plants reduce blood sugar levels and insulin sensitivity through their mechanism of action. …”
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Traditional pediatric massage enhanced the skeletal muscle mass in OVA-exposed adolescent rats via regulating SCFAs-FFAR2-IGF-1/AKT pathway by Lin Lin, Siyuan Li, Que Liu, Xingxing Zhang, Ying Xiong, Shaoyun Zhao, Liyue Cao, Jiaxuan Gong, Yaping Liu, Rong Wu

“…The protein and gene expressions of free fatty acid receptor 2 in SM were detected by using immunohistochemical staining and qRT-PCR, respectively. qRT-PCR was used to detect other relative gene expressions that were closely related with SM mass. The activity of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)/protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) pathway in SM was detected by western blotting test.ResultsOVA exposure caused obvious AAI and poor PF in adolescent rats. …”
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Analysis of egg quality and growth-related factors during embryogenic development of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) fed different broodstock diets by Ji-Sung Moon, Minji Seong, Si-Chan Kim, Josel Cadangin, Ji-Hye Lee, Eun-Seo Lee, Bong-Seung Seo, Haham Kim, Su-Jin Park, Jukyoung Kim, Jinho Lee, Seunghyung Lee, Youn-Hee Choi

“…Besides, the study assessed the time to reach embryonic stages and the concentration of growth-related factors (growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor, and lipovitellin) at various developmental stages. …”
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Peel of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) diets boost growth, digestive-absorptive functions, immune-antioxidant indices, and regulate immunomodulatory genes and mTOR/MAPK-P38/apoptosis sig... by Rowida E. Ibrahim, Gehad E. Elshopakey, Elsayed M. Younis, Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith, Asmaa Yaseen, Tarek Khamis, Simon J. Davies, Afaf N. Abdel Rahman

“…CPP diets up-regulated (P˂0.05) the intestinal and muscular gene expression (trypsin, solute carrier family 6, member 18, fatty acid-binding proteins-2, cluster of differentiation 36, insulin growth factor-1, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1alpha, pyruvate kinase, and glucokinase). …”
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The association of visceral and subcutaneous fat areas with phenotypic age in non-elderly adults, mediated by HOMA-IR and HDL-C by Yuanhong Liu, Min Xu, Liqing Wang, Linyun Meng, Mengran Li, Shumin Mu

“…Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have all been shown to correlate with ageing; however, the connections between these factors and PhenoAge are still insufficiently investigated. …”
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Biomimetic ECM nerve guidance conduit with dynamic 3D interconnected porous network and sustained IGF-1 delivery for enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration and immune modulation by Teng Wan, Qi-Cheng Li, Feng-Shi Zhang, Xiao-Meng Zhang, Na Han, Pei-Xun Zhang

“…Herein, a biomimetic extracellular matrix (ECM) NGC featuring an interconnected 3D porous network and sustained delivery of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is designed using multi-functional gelatine microcapsules (GMs). …”
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Effects of Astrocaryum aculeatum Meyer (Tucumã) on Diet-Induced Dyslipidemic Rats by Geórgia Craveiro Holanda Malveira Maia, Mozer da Silva Campos, Janice Barros-Monteiro, Juan Eduardo Lucas Castillo, Murilo Soares Faleiros, Rejane Souza de Aquino Sales, Denise Moraes Lopes Galeno, Edson Lira, Francisca das Chagas do Amaral Souza, Carmen Ortiz, Luisa Morales, Rosany Piccolotto Carvalho

“…Plasma was analyzed for cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL, total protein, glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations. Our results show that the ECG group tended to consume more food, while the groups that were fed with tucumã pulp (STG and ETG) presented a greater tendency to gain body mass. …”
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Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin Levels and Prediction of Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Patients by Dagmar Horáková, Kateřina Azeem, Radka Benešová, Dalibor Pastucha, Vladimír Horák, Lenka Dumbrovská, Arnošt Martínek, Dalibor Novotný, Zdeněk Švagera, Milada Hobzová, Dana Galuszková, Vladimír Janout, Sandra Doněvská, Jana Vrbková, Helena Kollárová

“…Concentrations of total adiponectin or high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin decrease in association with the development of metabolic dysfunction such as obesity, insulin resistance, or T2DM. Increased adiponectin levels are associated with a lower risk for coronary heart disease. …”
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Senescent cell depletion alleviates obesity-related metabolic and cardiac disorders by Tábatha de Oliveira Silva, Guilherme Lunardon, Caroline A. Lino, Amanda de Almeida Silva, Shiju Zhang, Maria Cláudia Costa Irigoyen, Yao Wei Lu, John D. Mably, Maria Luiza M. Barreto-Chaves, Da-Zhi Wang, Gabriela P. Diniz

“…Methods and Results: We found that the increase in body weight and adiposity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperleptinemia, and hepatic disorders which were induced by an obesogenic diet were alleviated by senolytic cocktail treatment in mice. …”
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Semen quality and fertility effectiveness of cloned buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls by Manoj Kumar Singh, Smiriti Gupta, Kanika Gandhi, S.S. Lathwal, Naresh L. Selokar

“…KEGG analysis revealed that the Up- and down-regulated transcripts affect excision repair, autophagy, lipolysis, AMPK, and insulin signaling pathways. A total of 278 miRNAs were found in both cloned and parent bull spermatozoa, of which 239 were common and 28 were unique to cloned bulls spermatozoa. …”
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Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Bone Regeneration by Altering MicroRNA Profiles by Ting Liu, Wenyun Hu, Xue Zou, Jingchen Xu, Shushu He, Le Chang, Xinyi Li, Yuanyuan Yin, Mi Tian, Ziyu Li, Jialiang Zhou, Xiaoge Jiang, Song Chen

“…The results of Gene Ontology analysis and pathway analysis demonstrated that the target genes of differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs participate in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, such as catalytic activity, protein binding, metabolic processes, cell development, and differentiation, and are enriched in osteogenic differentiation-related pathways, such as MAPK signaling, AMPK signaling, and insulin signaling pathways. Our results reveal for the first time that the exosomal miRNAs derived from osteogenic differentiated PDLSCs may promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which provides a basis for further research on the regulatory function of exosomal miRNA of PDLSCs during osteogenesis.…”
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