An Aloe-Based Composition Constituting Polysaccharides and Polyphenols Protected Mice against D-Galactose-Induced Immunosenescence by Mesfin Yimam, Teresa Horm, Alexandria O’Neal, Ping Jiao, Mei Hong, Qi Jia

“…UP360 was found to improve the immune response as evidenced by stimulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, increase antioxidant capacity as reflected by augmented SOD and Nrf2, and preserve vital immune organs, such as the thymus, from aging-associated damage. …”
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Alternative splicing expands the antiviral IFITM repertoire in Chinese rufous horseshoe bats. by Nelly S C Mak, Jingyan Liu, Dan Zhang, Jordan Taylor, Xiaomeng Li, Kazi Rahman, Feiyu Chen, Siddhartha A K Datta, Kin Kui Lai, Zhengli Shi, Nigel Temperton, Aaron T Irving, Alex A Compton, Richard D Sloan

“…Our study also highlights an example of convergent evolution where species-specific selection pressures led to expansion of the IFITM family through multiple means, underscoring the importance of IFITM diversity as a component of innate immunity.…”
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Dietary Riboflavin Requirement of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) by Kokila Sanjeewani, Kyeong-Jun Lee

“…This study was conducted to determine the dietary riboflavin requirement and its effects on growth performance, feed utilization, innate immunity, and diet digestibility of Litopenaeus vannamei. …”
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Modifying non-coding regions of linear DNA vaccines to explore the interplay of expression and inflammation in immunogenicity by David C. Stirling, Maria de Miguel Ferrer, Sungwon Kim, Madina Wane, Daniel Kysh, Lisa J. Caproni, John S. Tregoning

“…The interplay between antigen expression and the innate immune response impacts the overall immune response to DNA vaccines. …”
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Living in fear: How experience shapes caribou responses to predation risk by Laurie Derguy, Mathieu Leblond, Martin‐Hugues St‐Laurent

“…Periods during which caribou did not adjust their behavior toward wolves (winter and calving) were characterized by persistent—potentially innate—avoidance. Our results suggest that, in most circumstances, caribou became more efficient at avoiding areas selected by their predators as they gained experience. …”
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12,13-diHOME Promotes Inflammatory Macrophages and Epigenetically Modifies Their Capacity to Respond to Microbes and Allergens by Din L. Lin, Kevin M. Magnaye, Cara E. Porsche, Sophia R. Levan, Elze Rackaityte, Mustafa Özçam, Susan V. Lynch

“…These observations offer plausible mechanisms by which this lipid promotes early-life pathogenic microbiome development and innate immune dysfunction associated with childhood allergic sensitization.…”
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Design and Optimization of the Circulatory Cell-Driven Drug Delivery Platform by Pengyu Gao, Dan Zou, Ansha Zhao, Ping Yang

“…These cells possess extended circulation times and innate chemomigration ability and can activate an immune response that exerts therapeutic effects. …”
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Combined Treatment with Zinc Aspartate and Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIGs) Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) by Diana Straubel, Anja Thielitz, Annegret Reinhold, Kurt Grüngreiff, Dirk Reinhold

“…Changes of zinc homeostasis affect both the innate and the adaptive immune system. On one hand, therapeutic zinc supplementation can normalize impaired immune functions due to zinc deficiency. …”
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Is a quantifier mismatch a problem for L1 Japanese learners of English? by Paul N. Nehls, Kodai Aramaki, Tomohiro Fujii

“…Therefore, although the possibility cannot completely be eliminated that the result of Experiment 1a is due to L1 transfer, if some Japanese learners of English can unlearn the incorrect meaning, then some prior, if not innate, knowledge that makes the process possible must be available to them. …”
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Ventral hippocampus to nucleus accumbens shell circuit regulates approach decisions during motivational conflict. by Dylan Patterson, Nisma Khan, Emily A Collins, Norman R Stewart, Kian Sassaninejad, Dylan Yeates, Andy C H Lee, Rutsuko Ito

“…In this study, we sought to target the vHPC CA1 projection pathway to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) to delineate its contribution to AAC decision-making, particularly in the arbitration of learned reward and punishment signals, as well as innate signals. To this end, we used pathway-specific chemogenetics in male and female Long Evans rats to inhibit the NAc shell projecting vHPC CA1 neurons while rats underwent a test in which cues of positive and negative valence were presented concurrently to elicit AAC. …”
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The TRPV1-PKM2-SREBP1 axis maintains microglial lipid homeostasis in Alzheimer’s disease by Xudong Sha, Jiayuan Lin, Kexin Wu, Jia Lu, Zhihua Yu

“…RNA sequencing analysis of microglia isolated from 3xTg mice exhibited transcriptomic changes in lipid metabolism, innate inflammation, and phagocytosis dysfunction; these changes were improved with capsaicin-mediated pharmacological activation of TRPV1 via inhibition of PKM2 dimerization and reduction of SREBP1 activation. …”
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Identification of Differentially Expressed lncRNAs in a CpG ODN-Activated Macrophage by Ying Zheng, Xi Luo, Zailong Qin, Zhiguang Zhou

“…A macrophage is an important component of innate immunity which can be activated by infection. …”
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A minimal mathematical model for the initial molecular interactions of death receptor signalling by Christian Winkel, Simon Neumann, Christina Surulescu, Peter Scheurich

“…TNF itself is a strong proinflammatory regulator of the innate immune system, but has been also recognized as a major factor in progression of autoimmune diseases. …”
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Withaferin A Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB-Dependent Pro-Inflammatory and Stress Response Pathways in the Astrocytes by Francesca Martorana, Giulia Guidotti, Liliana Brambilla, Daniela Rossi

“…Since the steroid lactone Withaferin A was described to inhibit NF-κB activity in different cell types, we next determined the impact of this natural compound towards the identified astrocytic signalling pathway. Innate immune activation was induced by stimulation of the LPS/TLR4 axis in spinal cord astrocytes. …”
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Reevaluating the Concept of Treating Experimental Tumors with a Mixed Bacterial Vaccine: Coley’s Toxin by C. Maletzki, U. Klier, W. Obst, B. Kreikemeyer, M. Linnebacher

“…Antitumoral effects following local therapy were primarily accompanied by stimulation of innate immune mechanisms. Data presented herein prove that the historical approach of using killed bacteria as active immunotherapeutic agents still holds promise, and further careful preclinical analyses may pave the way back into clinical applications.…”
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Augmenter of Liver Regeneration (ALR) Protects Kidney from Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) Injury via Regulation of TLR4/MAPK Signaling Pathway by Ying Li, Yanying Xiong, Huihui Li, Yan Luo, Ling Zhang, Qin Zhang, Weijian Xiong, Haitao Tu

“…Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) can mediate innate activation and inflammation, and it is typically expressed within the ischemic kidney. …”
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of IL-37b in Children with Allergic Rhinitis by Wenlong Liu, Li Deng, Yanqiu Chen, Changzhi Sun, Jie Wang, Lifeng Zhou, Huabin Li, Renzhong Luo

“…Interleukin-37 (IL-37), a newly described member of IL-1family, functioned as a fundamental inhibitor of innate inflammatory and immune responses, especially its isoform IL-37b. …”
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Spontaneous tumor regression following COVID-19 vaccination by Hui Dai, Renata Ferrarotto, Myrna Godoy, Diana Bell, Shiaw-Yih Lin, Daniel J McGrail, Luana Guimaraes de Sousa, Kaiyi Li, Mario L Marques-Piubelli, Cipriano Gonzalez, Sammy Ferri-Borgogno, Jared Burks

“…Systemic reactogenicity, a manifestation of the innate immune response to vaccines, occurs in up to 69% of patients following vaccination with RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. …”
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Molecular Characterization and Evolution Analysis of Two Forms of TLR5 and TLR13 Genes Base on Larimichthys crocea Genome Data by Lihua Jiang, Liyi Pei, Ping Wang, Liqin Liu, Gong Li, Binjian Liu, Zhenming Lǚ, Tabata Hiromasa, Hao Pan, Atsushi Ogura

“…The evolutionary analysis has shown that TLR13 was clustered with TLR11, 19, 20, 21, and 22, while TLR5 and TLR3 were classified into a group; these results suggest that TLRs are vital in the defense of L. crocea against bacterial infection and further increase our understanding of TLR function in innate immunity in teleosts.…”
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Multidrug-Resistant Strain M Induces Low IL-8 and Inhibits TNF-α Secretion by Bronchial Epithelial Cells Altering Neutrophil Effector Functions by Denise Kviatcovsky, Leonardo Rivadeneyra, Luciana Balboa, Noemí Yokobori, Beatriz López, Viviana Ritacco, Mirta Schattner, María del Carmen Sasiain, Silvia de la Barrera

“…M strain, the most prevalent multidrug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in Argentina, has mounted mechanisms to evade innate immune response. The role of human bronchial epithelium in Mtb infection remains unknown as well as its crosstalk with neutrophils (PMN). …”
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