Viruses Seen by Our Cells: The Role of Viral RNA Sensors by Elias A. Said, Nicolas Tremblay, Mohammed S. Al-Balushi, Ali A. Al-Jabri, Daniel Lamarre

“…The role of the innate immune response in detecting RNA viruses is crucial for the establishment of proper inflammatory and antiviral responses. …”
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Use of Anti-Interleukin-6 Receptor Monoclonal Antibody in Drug-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by Alessandra Petrillo, Noa Biran, Sean Sadikot

“…Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a disorder that involves the activation of alveolar macrophages triggering the innate immune system. The parenchymal lung injury seen in ARDS is a result of many proinflammatory elevations including interleukin-6. …”
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Anopheles gambiae phagocytic hemocytes promote Plasmodium falciparum infection by regulating midgut epithelial integrity by Victor Cardoso-Jaime, George Dimopoulos

“…Abstract For successful transmission, the malaria parasite must traverse tissue epithelia and survive attack from the insect’s innate immune system. Hemocytes play a multitude of roles in mosquitoes, including defense against invading pathogens. …”
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Rapid and Efficient Purification of Functional Collectin-12 and Its Opsonic Activity against Fungal Pathogens by Jie Zhang, Anna Li, Chang-qing Yang, Peter Garred, Ying Jie Ma

“…Collectin-12 (collectin placenta 1, CL-P1, or CL-12) is a newly identified pattern recognition molecule of the innate immune system. Recent evidences show that CL-12 plays important roles not only in innate immune protection against certain clinically important pathogens but also in scavenging of host molecules, leukocyte recruitment, and cancer metastasis. …”
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TLR2 and TLR4 in the Brain Injury Caused by Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion by Ying Wang, Pengfei Ge, Yuhong Zhu

“…Toll-like receptors are a type of transmembrane proteins, which can recognize either exogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns or endogenous stress or damage-associated molecular patterns in the innate immune system and initiate inflammatory responses. …”
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RNA N6-Methyladenosine Modifications and the Immune Response by Ya-Nan Wang, Chen-Yang Yu, Hong-Zhong Jin

“…This article reviews the biological significance of RNA m6A modifications in the innate immune response, adaptive immune response, and viral infection.…”
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Orchestration of Adaptive T Cell Responses by Neutrophil Granule Contents by Danielle Minns, Katie Jane Smith, Emily Gwyer Findlay

“…We consider how the release of granule contents by neutrophils—through NETosis or degranulation—is one way in which the innate immune system directs the phenotype of the adaptive immune response.…”
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Peptidoglycan and Bacterial DNA Induce Inflammation and Coagulation Markers in Synergy by Marie-Claude Amoureux, Nandani Rajapakse, Lazlo Stipkovits, Susan Szathmary

“…Bacterial compounds signal the presence of foreign pathogens in the innate immune system. These microbial components are key players in infectious diseases and implicate toll-like receptors in the activation of inflammation and coagulation. …”
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Should Genetics Be Blamed for High Incidence of Uterine Disease in Dairy Cows? by Klibs N. Galvão, Christopher M. Seabury, Pablo Pinedo

“…This 3-page fact sheet presents the results of a recent paper that examined how alterations on the TLR genes, which control innate immune response, affect the susceptibility to uterine diseases. …”
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Toll-Like Receptors Expression and Signaling in Glia Cells in Neuro-Amyloidogenic Diseases: Towards Future Therapeutic Application by Dorit Trudler, Dorit Farfara, Dan Frenkel

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are known to be expressed by innate immune response cells and to play a critical role in their activation against foreign pathogens. …”
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Type I Interferon at the Interface of Antiviral Immunity and Immune Regulation: The Curious Case of HIV-1 by Adriano Boasso

“…Type I interferon (IFN-I) play a critical role in the innate immune response against viral infections. They actively participate in antiviral immunity by inducing molecular mechanisms of viral restriction and by limiting the spread of the infection, but they also orchestrate the initial phases of the adaptive immune response and influence the quality of T cell immunity. …”
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The Role of Syk/CARD9-Coupled C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections by Mohlopheni Jackson Marakalala, Lisa M. Graham, Gordon D. Brown

“…There is increasing interest in understanding the mechanisms underlying the interactions that occur between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host innate immune cells. These cells express pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which recognise mycobacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and which can influence the host immune response to the infection. …”
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Should Genetics Be Blamed for High Incidence of Uterine Disease in Dairy Cows? by Klibs N. Galvão, Christopher M. Seabury, Pablo Pinedo

“…This 3-page fact sheet presents the results of a recent paper that examined how alterations on the TLR genes, which control innate immune response, affect the susceptibility to uterine diseases. …”
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Chagas Disease: Still Many Unsolved Issues by José M. Álvarez, Raissa Fonseca, Henrique Borges da Silva, Cláudio R. F. Marinho, Karina R. Bortoluci, Luiz R. Sardinha, Sabrina Epiphanio, Maria Regina D'Império Lima

“…Over the past 20 years, the immune effector mechanisms involved in the control of Trypanosoma cruzi, as well as the receptors participating in parasite recognition by cells of the innate immune system, have been largely described. However, the main questions on the physiopathology of Chagas disease remain unanswered: “Why does the host immune system fail to provide sterile immunity?” …”
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Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition as a Pharmacological Approach to Treat Obesity by Barry Sears, Camillo Ricordi

“…These molecular targets range from reduction of proinflammatory eicosanoids to the modulation of features of the innate immune system, such as toll-like receptors and gene transcription factors. …”
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The role of TNF-α inhibitor in glioma virotherapy: A mathematical model by Elzbieta Ratajczyk, Urszula Ledzewicz, Maciej Leszczynski, Avner Friedman

“…Virotherapy, using herpes simplex virus, represents a promising therapy of glioma. But the innate immune response, which includes TNF-α produced by macrophages, reduces the effectiveness of the treatment. …”
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Role of Genetic Alterations in the NLRP3 and CARD8 Genes in Health and Disease by G. V. Paramel, A. Sirsjö, K. Fransén

“…Studies have reported that these exogenous and endogenous components may perturb the balance of innate immune response by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. …”
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Monocytes as Regulators of Inflammation and HIV-Related Comorbidities during cART by Joshua J. Anzinger, Tiffany R. Butterfield, Thomas A. Angelovich, Suzanne M. Crowe, Clovis S. Palmer

“…Here we examine markers and sources of monocyte activation during cART-treated HIV infection and discuss the role of monocytes during cardiovascular disease, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, and innate immune aging.…”
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Biological Functions and Clinical Significance of the ABCG1 Transporter by Stanislav Kotlyarov, Anna Kotlyarova

“…Cholesterol transport is the mechanism that links metabolism and the innate immune system. Due to its lipid transport function, ABCG1 may contribute to the prevention of atherosclerosis and is involved in the functioning of the lung, pancreas, and other organs and systems. …”
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Peptide with Dual Roles in Immune and Metabolic Regulation: Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2) by Yitong Li, Ying Liu, Meng Gou

“…Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) was originally discovered as an antimicrobial peptide that plays a vital role in the host innate immune system of various vertebrates. Recent research discovered LEAP-2 as an endogenous antagonist and inverse agonist of the GHSR1a receptor. …”
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