T Helper Lymphocyte and Mast Cell Immunohistochemical Pattern in Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity by Giuseppe Losurdo, Domenico Piscitelli, Federica Pezzuto, Francesco Fortarezza, Claudia Covelli, Antonella Marra, Andrea Iannone, Annacinzia Amoruso, Mariabeatrice Principi, Enzo Ierardi, Alfredo Di Leo

“…Since few data about NCGS histopathology is available, we assessed the markers of lymphocyte and innate immunity activation. Materials and Methods. We retrieved duodenal biopsy samples of patients with NCGS diagnosis according to the Salerno criteria. …”
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Molecular Characterization of the Onset and Progression of Colitis in Inoculated Interleukin-10 Gene-Deficient Mice: A Role for PPARα by Bianca Knoch, Matthew P. G. Barnett, Janine Cooney, Warren C. McNabb, Diane Barraclough, William Laing, Shuotun Zhu, Zaneta A. Park, Paul MacLean, Scott O. Knowles, Nicole C. Roy

“…Actin cytoskeleton dynamics, innate immunity, and apoptosis-linked gene and protein expression data suggested a delayed remodeling process in 12-week-old Il10-/- mice. …”
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Genetic Polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors 2 and 9 as Susceptibility Factors for the Development of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Psoriatic Arthritis by Camila F. Oliveira-Toré, Amarilis G. Moraes, Gabriela F. Martinez, Janisleya S. F. Neves, Luciana C. Macedo, Marco A. Rocha-Loures, Marília G. Quirino, Hugo V. Alves, Ana M. Sell, Jeane E. L. Visentainer

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have an important role in the mechanism of innate immunity and may influence inflammatory responses. …”
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Molecular Characterization and Evolution Analysis of Two Forms of TLR5 and TLR13 Genes Base on Larimichthys crocea Genome Data by Lihua Jiang, Liyi Pei, Ping Wang, Liqin Liu, Gong Li, Binjian Liu, Zhenming Lǚ, Tabata Hiromasa, Hao Pan, Atsushi Ogura

“…The evolutionary analysis has shown that TLR13 was clustered with TLR11, 19, 20, 21, and 22, while TLR5 and TLR3 were classified into a group; these results suggest that TLRs are vital in the defense of L. crocea against bacterial infection and further increase our understanding of TLR function in innate immunity in teleosts.…”
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High-Density Lipoprotein Reduction Differentially Modulates to Classical and Nonclassical Monocyte Subpopulations in Metabolic Syndrome Patients and in LPS-Stimulated Primary Human... by Johanna L. Grün, Aaron N. Manjarrez-Reyna, Angélica Y. Gómez-Arauz, Sonia Leon-Cabrera, Felix Rückert, José M. Fragoso, Nallely Bueno-Hernández, Sergio Islas-Andrade, Guillermo Meléndez-Mier, Galileo Escobedo

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Genetic Association and Expression Correlation between Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Gene Encoding M-CSF and Adult-Onset Still’s Disease by Yi-Ming Chen, Wei-Ting Hung, Wan-Chun Chang, Chia-Wei Hsieh, Wen-Hung Chung, Joung-Liang Lan, Ning-Rong Gung, Yun-Shien Lee, Der-Yuan Chen, Shuen-Iu Hung

“…HLA has been shown to be associated with AOSD; however, it could not explain the innate immunity and autoinflammatory characteristics of AOSD. …”
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NKp46 enhances type 1 innate lymphoid cell proliferation and function and anti-acute myeloid leukemia activity by Rui Ma, Zhenlong Li, Hejun Tang, Xiaojin Wu, Lei Tian, Zahir Shah, Ningyuan Liu, Tasha Barr, Jianying Zhang, Sean Wang, Srividya Swaminathan, Guido Marcucci, Yong Peng, Michael A. Caligiuri, Jianhua Yu

“…Abstract NKp46 is a critical regulator of natural killer (NK) cell immunity, but its function in non-NK innate immune cells remains unclear. Here, we show that NKp46 is indispensable for expressing IL-2 receptor-α (IL-2Rα) by non-NK liver-resident type-1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s). …”
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MsCL-P1: A multifunctional C-type lectin from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) with broad microbe binding and agglutination activities by Siyi She, Ying Ye, Fengyao Guo, Shun Yang, Mengmeng Huang, Hui Fei

“…C-type lectins are a family of calcium-dependent carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) containing proteins that play a pivotal role in innate immunity. In this study, we characterized a novel C-type lectin, MsCL-P1, from the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), an economically important fish species in aquaculture. …”
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SPA14 liposomes combining saponin with fully synthetic TLR4 agonist provide adjuvanticity to hCMV vaccine candidate by Ernesto Luna, Sophie Ruiz, Marie Garinot, Cyril Chavagnac, Pankaj Agrawal, John Escobar, Laurent Revet, Marie-Jeanne Asensio, Fabienne Piras, Francis G. Fang, Donald R. Drake, Bachra Rokbi, Daniel Larocque, Jean Haensler

“…When compared in an in vitro human innate immunity construct to AS01B, the QS21/MPL® liposomal adjuvant system of GSK, and with QS21-Liposomes used as benchmarks, SPA14 displayed the strongest immunostimulatory potential based on antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation and cytokine secretion, which was essentially driven by the highly active E6020 agonist in this assay. …”
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Immunomodulatory Effects of Aerobic Training in Obesity by Thomas Nickel, Henner Hanssen, Ingrid Emslander, Verena Drexel, Gernot Hertel, Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, Claudia Summo, Zeljka Sisic, Marius Lambert, Eva Hoster, Martin Halle, Michael Weis

“…We hereby describe new immune modulatory effects, which—through regular aerobic exercise—modulate innate immunity and pro-inflammatory cytokines in obesity.…”
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Surgical Injury and Ischemia Prime the Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction and Increase Angiogenic Capacity in a Mouse Limb Ischemia Model by Satoko Kishimoto, Ken-ichi Inoue, Ryoichi Sohma, Shigeru Toyoda, Masashi Sakuma, Teruo Inoue, Ken-ichiro Yoshida

“…Among the differentially expressed genes were innate immunity-related signals on both days 1 and 3 after priming. …”
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Revealing the role of natural killer cells in ankylosing spondylitis: identifying diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets by Yuling Chen, Yan Li, Yuan Xu, Qing Lv, Yuanchun Ye, Jieruo Gu

“…Statistical analysis was conducted using the R software package, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Pathways enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of NK cell-mediated immune pathways and regulation of the innate immune response, indicating the crucial role of innate immunity, especially NK cells, in AS pathogenesis. …”
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MicroRNA-122 protects against interferon-α-induced hepatic inflammatory response via the Janus kinase–signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway by Fanwei Liu, Bowen Liu, Shanshan Xu, Yinhua Ni, Xiaoli Liu

“…Interferon-α (IFN-α), a cytokine with antiviral properties, exerts profound physiological effects on innate immunity by regulating interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) within cells. …”
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Involvement of Cholesterol Metabolic Pathways in Recovery from Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Na Sai, Xi Shi, Yan Zhang, Qing-qing Jiang, Fei Ji, Shuo-long Yuan, Wei Sun, Wei-Wei Guo, Shi-Ming Yang, Wei-Ju Han

“…Our results showed that activation of metabolic, inflammatory, and innate immunity pathways may be involved in acute noise-induced hearing loss, while cholesterol metabolic pathways may play an important role in recovery of hearing ability following noise-induced hearing loss.…”
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Polymeric immunogel prevents tumor recurrence and metastasis by dual activation of innate and adaptive immunity by Guanyu Jin, Hao Liu, Zi Mei, Qionghua Jin, Sheng Ma, Lanqing Wang, Yuanzhen Su, Letian Lv, Zijuan Wang, Huicong Zhou, Mingqiang Li, Zehuan Huang, Xuesi Chen, Shixian Lv

“…Currently, immunotherapy-based adjuvant therapy can effectively inhibit tumor recurrence and metastasis after surgery, but simultaneous and efficient synergistic activation of adaptive and innate immunity is a challenge. Here, we utilized polymeric hydrogel loaded with decitabine (DAC), cisplatin (CDDP) and manganese ions (Mn2+) as a postoperative filler immunogel to synergistically activate both anti-tumor innate and adaptive immunity. …”
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Mannan-Binding Lectin Suppresses Peptidoglycan-Induced TLR2 Activation and Inflammatory Responses by Fanping Wang, Yanhua Li, Can Yang, Yonghui Mu, Yan Wang, Wei Zhang, Yonghui Yang, Chen Chen, Shijun Song, Zhifa Shen, Wenjun Wang, Junpeng Li, Jingjing Zhai, Kang Guo, Ruili Sun, Lili Yu, Mingyong Wang

“…Mannan-binding lectin (MBL), a plasma C-type lectin, plays a key role in innate immunity. More and more evidences show that MBL could suppress the amplification of inflammatory signals. …”
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The protein composition of human adenovirus replication compartments by Paloma Hidalgo, Amada Torres, Pierre M. Jean Beltran, Gamaliel López-Leal, Luca D. Bertzbach, Thomas Dobner, S. J. Flint, Ileana M. Cristea, Ramón A. González

“…We conducted quantitative proteome analyses of RC-enriched subnuclear fractions at different times post-infection with human adenovirus species C type 5, revealing a multifaceted network of proteins that participate in the regulation of gene expression, DNA damage response, RNA metabolism, innate immunity, and other cellular antiviral defense mechanisms. …”
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Human respiratory organoids sustained reproducible propagation of human rhinovirus C and elucidation of virus-host interaction by Cun Li, Yifei Yu, Zhixin Wan, Man Chun Chiu, Jingjing Huang, Shuxin Zhang, Xiaoxin Zhu, Qiaoshuai Lan, Yanlin Deng, Ying Zhou, Wei Xue, Ming Yue, Jian-Piao Cai, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, Kenneth Kak-Yuen Wong, Xiaojuan Liu, Yang Yu, Lin Huang, Hin Chu, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Hans Clevers, Kwok Yung Yuen, Jie Zhou

“…Intriguingly, upon HRV-C infection, we observe an innate immune response that is stronger in airway organoids than in nasal organoids, which is reproduced in a Poly(I:C) stimulation assay. …”
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Neutralizing antibody test supports booster strategy for young individuals after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron breakthrough by Yichuan Yao, Yunru Yang, Qiqin Wu, Mengyao Liu, Wei Bao, Qiutong Wang, Meijun Cheng, Yunuo Chen, Yiting Yu, Yuan Cai, Mei Zhang, Jingxue Yao, Hongliang He, Changjiang Jin, Changcheng Zheng, Tengchuan Jin, Dali Tong

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Preparedness, prevention and control related to zoonotic avian influenza by EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Animal Welfare (AHAW), ECDC, Julio Alvarez, Anette Boklund, Sabine Dippel, Fernanda Dórea, Jordi Figuerola, Mette S. Herskin, Virginie Michel, Miguel Ángel Miranda Chueca, Eleonora Nannoni, Søren Saxmose Nielsen, Romolo Nonno, Anja B. Riber, Jan Arend Stegeman, Karl Ståhl, Hans‐Hermann Thulke, Frank Tuyttens, Christoph Winckler, Claire Brugerolles, Thorsten Wolff, Anna Parys, Erika Lindh, Neus Latorre‐Margalef, Marie‐Anne Rameix Welti, Ralf Dürrwald, Ramona Trebbien, Sylvie Van der Werf, Magnus Gisslén, Isabella Monne, Alice Fusaro, Claire Guinat, Alessio Bortolami, Leonidas Alexakis, Theresa Enkirch, Olov Svartstrom, Katriina Willgert, Francesca Baldinelli, Ludovica Preite, Malin Grant, Alessandro Broglia, Angeliki Melidou

“…Thirty‐four mutations associated with five phenotypic traits (increased receptor specificity, haemagglutinin stability, neuraminidase specificity, enhanced polymerase activity and evasion of innate immunity) were shortlisted. AI viruses (AIVs) carrying multiple adaptive mutations and traits belonged to both low and highly pathogenic subtypes, mainly to A(H9N2), A(H7N9), A(H5N6) and A(H3N8), were sporadic and primarily detected in Asia. …”
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