GH inhibits ALV-J replication and restricts cell cycle by activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by Junliang Xia, Ling Lin, Rongyang Ju, Chengxun Xu, Guodong Mo, Xiquan Zhang

“…Previous studies have suggested that GH is involved in the regulation of innate immunity and inflammation. However, the specific role of GH in response to ALV-J remains unclear. …”
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Associations between milk infrared-predicted plasma biomarkers of stress resilience and fertility in dairy cattle: Insights for enhancing breeding programs and herd management by Alessio Cecchinato, Hugo Toledo-Alvarado, Lucio Flavio Macedo Mota, Vittoria Bisutti, Erminio Trevisi, Riccardo Negrini, Sara Pegolo, Stefano Schiavon, Luigi Gallo, Giovanni Bittante, Diana Giannuzzi

“…The blood metabolites (15 blood biomarkers related to hepatic damage and function, oxidative stress, inflammation, and innate immunity) were predicted using milk Fourier-transform mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy. …”
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Genome resequencing and genome-wide polymorphisms in mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from south India by Preeti Acharya, Upasana Shyamsunder Singh, Veeramanoharan Rajamannar, Mayilsamy Muniaraj, Binata Nayak, Aparup Das

“…Particular emphasis was given to gene families involved in mosquito digestion, development, and innate immunity, which could be putative candidates for vector control. …”
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The Role of Mannose-Binding Lectin in Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock by Gennaro De Pascale, Salvatore Lucio Cutuli, Mariano Alberto Pennisi, Massimo Antonelli

“…Particularly when adaptive immune system is compromised or immature, innate immunity plays a key role in the immediate defense against invasive pathogens. …”
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Effects of female sexual chemosignals on mucosal immunity in BALB/c and C57BL/6 male mice by G. V. Kontsevaya, E. A. Litvinova, M. P. Moshkin

“…Thus, sexual signals associated with infection risks provide genotype-dependent mobilization of innate immunity without significant activation of physiological stress mechanisms.…”
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Contradictory Mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis and hepatitis B virus infection activation by Fenglin Zhu, Miao Wang, Xuhong Zhang, Guoqing Zhao, Hongyan Gao, Lamei Zhou

“…Recently, numerous studies have been conducted on the contradictory therapeutic mechanisms between RA treatment and HBV infection, including aspects of innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and related signalling pathways. …”
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Immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases by Ye. A. Konovich, I. L. Khalif, M. V. Shapina

“…The physiological state of intestine is characterized by balanced interaction of effector (Th1, Th2, Th17) and regulatory (Treg) cells determining presence of immune tolerance to resident microflora antigens. Innate immunity changes revealed in last years, related to mutations of genes of bacterial structures receptors (NOD2, toll-like receptors, autophagy), cause disorder of endocellular signal processes and pathological activation of cells of adaptive immunodefense of intestinal mucosa and conforming profile of cytokines with development of chronic inflammation which will be mediated: at Crohn's disease – by Th1-and Th17-cells, cytokines IL-12, interferon-γ etc., at ulcerative colitis – by Th2-and NKT-cells, cytokines IL-4 and IL-3 in combination to incompetence of suppressor function of regulatory Т-cells and their cytokines TGF-β (transforming growth factor) and IL-10.Conclusion. …”
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Delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions: How p-i transforms pharmacology into immunology by Werner J. Pichler

“…P-i activation differs from classical antigen-driven immune reactions: a) drug binding induces structural changes in TCR-HLA proteins which make them look like allo-like TCR-HLA-complexes, able to elicit allo-like stimulations of T cells with cytotoxicity and IFNγ production, notably without the involvement of innate immunity; b) drug binding to TCR and/or HLA can increase the affinity of TCR-HLA interactions, which may affect signaling and IL-5 production by CD4+ T cells, and thus contribute to eosinophilia commonly found in dDHRs or induce oligoclonal T cell expansions; c) Both, antigen and p-i stimulations can induce eosinophil- or neutrophil-rich inflammations; but these stimulations should be distinguished as their underlying mechanism and development differ; and d) p-i stimulation can – like graft versus host reactions – result in long-lasting T-cell activations, which can lead to viremia, occasional autoimmunity, or a new syndrome characterized by multiple drug hypersensitivity (MDH).In summary, dDHRs are not allergic reactions but represent peculiar T-cell activations, similar to allo-like stimulations. …”
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Unravelling the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on hemostatic and complement systems: a systems immunology perspective by Didar Murad, Rehan Zafar Paracha, Maryum Nisar

“…It directly interacts with the complement system, which is key to innate immunity. In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), dysregulation of the hemostatic and complement systems has been associated with several complications. …”
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The Role of Connexin-43 in the Inflammatory Process: A New Potential Therapy to Influence Keratitis by Chu-Yang Xu, Wen-Song Zhang, Hong Zhang, Yan Cao, Hong-Yan Zhou

“…We analyzed the effects of signaling molecules, such as innate immunity messengers, transcription factors, LPS, cytokine, inflammatory chemokines, and MMPs, on Cx43 expression during the inflammatory process. …”
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Tracing the paths of modular evolution by quantifying rearrangement events of protein domains by Abdulbaki Coban, Erich Bornberg-Bauer, Carsten Kemena

“…We exemplify our method by analyzing the evolutionary histories of protein rearrangements in (i) the extracellular matrix, (ii) innate immunity across Eukaryota, Metazoa, and Vertebrata, and (iii) Toll-Like-Receptors in the innate immune system of Eukaryota. …”
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs): Two Potential Targets for COVID-19 Treatment by Sebastiano Cicco, Gerolamo Cicco, Vito Racanelli, Angelo Vacca

“…This molecule is released by damaged lung cells and can induce a robust innate immunity response. The increase in HMGB1 and NETosis could lead to sustained inflammation due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. …”
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Analysis of a Functional IL-6 Gene Polymorphism in HLAB27 Associated and Intermediate Uveitis Gives New Insight in Disease Pathogenesis and Commonality with Other Autoimmune Diseas... by Lindner Ewald, Langner-Wegscheider Beate, Sarny Stephanie, Renner Wilfried, El-Shabrawi Yosuf

“…Interleukin 6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in both adaptive and innate immunity. The rs1800795 gene polymorphism of IL-6 is associated with various autoimmune diseases, like multiple sclerosis. …”
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The Expanding Family of Bone Marrow Homing Factors for Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Stromal Derived Factor 1 Is Not the Only Player in the Game by Mariusz Z. Ratajczak, ChiHwa Kim, Anna Janowska-Wieczorek, Janina Ratajczak

“…Moreover, the responsiveness of HSPCs to an SDF-1 gradient is enhanced by some elements of innate immunity (e.g., C3 complement cascade cleavage fragments and antimicrobial cationic peptides, such as cathelicidin/LL-37 or β2-defensin) as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). …”
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A data-driven approach to establishing cell motility patterns as predictors of macrophage subtypes and their relation to cell morphology. by Manasa Kesapragada, Yao-Hui Sun, Kan Zhu, Cynthia Recendez, Daniel Fregoso, Hsin-Ya Yang, Marco Rolandi, Rivkah Isseroff, Min Zhao, Marcella Gomez

“…The motility of macrophages in response to microenvironment stimuli is a hallmark of innate immunity, where macrophages play pro-inflammatory or pro-reparatory roles depending on their activation status during wound healing. …”
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CD63 Promotes Hemocyte-Mediated Phagocytosis in the Clam, Paphia undulata by Mingjia Yu, Shanjun Yang, Hongxia Sun, Qiang Xia

“…Therefore, our work has greatly enhanced our understanding about primitive character of innate immunity in marine mollusk.…”
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Plant thionins: structure, biological functions and potential use in biotechnology by T. I. Odintsova, M. P. Slezina, E. A. Istomina

“…They represent an ancient mechanism of innate immunity providing rapid first line of defense against pathogens. …”
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The role of delays in innate and adaptive immunity to intracellular bacterial infection by Simeone Marino, Edoardo Beretta, Denise E. Kirschner

“…Our results indicated how local stability properties for the two infection outcomes, namely a boundary equilibrium and an interior positive equilibrium, were completely dependent on the delays for innate immunity and independent of the delays for adaptive immunity. …”
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Association of TLR4-T399I Polymorphism with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Smokers by Matthaios Speletas, Vassiliki Merentiti, Konstantinos Kostikas, Kyriaki Liadaki, Markos Minas, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis, Anastasios E. Germenis

“…Although this finding warrants further investigation, it highlights the importance of impaired innate immunity towards COPD development.…”
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Data-driven analysis of chemicals, proteins and pathways associated with peanut allergy: from molecular networking to biological interpretation by Emmanuel Kemmler, Julian Braun, Florent Fauchère, Sabine Dölle-Bierke, Kirsten Beyer, Robert Preissner, Margitta Worm, Priyanka Banerjee

“…The results obtained from this study will direct future experimental and clinical studies to understand the role of dietary lipids and PPAR-isoforms to exert pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions on cells of the innate immunity and influence antigen presentation to the cells of the adaptive immunity.…”
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