Results of scientific expedition to natural biotopes of the Republic of Tyva in 2019 with the purpose of infectious disease monitoring in wild bird populations by M. S. Volkov, V. N. Irza, A. V. Varkentin, S. V. Rogolyov, A. V. Andriyasov

“…The lakes of the Republic of Tyva are the most significant sites for sampling of biological material from wild birds, as the primary detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in this territory is a serious signal of potential further virus spread and a precursor to a probable epizooty. …”
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Peptide Antigen Modifications Influence the On-Target and Off-Target Antibody Response for an Influenza Subunit Vaccine by Megan C. Schulte, Adam C. Boll, Agustin T. Barcellona, Elida A. Lopez, Adam G. Schrum, Bret D. Ulery

“…This provides preliminary evidence that the PAM-induced on-target antibodies will at minimum be able to recognize the influenza virus upon exposure.…”
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Respiratory Virus Vaccines: Pathways to Recommendations and Enhanced Coverage for At-Risk Populations by Stefania Maggi, Odile Launay, Rachel Dawson

“…Abstract While marked differences exist between influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is substantial overlap in the vulnerability of populations most at risk for severe disease following infection, chief among them being advanced age, multiple comorbidities, and immunocompromise. …”
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A Novel Lactococcal Vaccine Expressing a Peptide from the M2 Antigen of H5N2 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Virus Prolongs Survival of Vaccinated Chickens by Kaleb A. Reese, Christopher Lupfer, Rudd C. Johnson, Georgi M. Mitev, Valerie M. Mullen, Bruce L. Geller, Manoj Pastey

“…Vaccinated and nonvaccinated birds were challenged with high pathogenic avian influenza virus A subtype H5N2. Birds vaccinated with LL-M2e or KLH-M2e had median survival times of 5.5 and 6.0 days, respectively, which were significantly longer than non-vaccinated birds (3.5 days). …”
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Rapid aging of influenza epidemics in China from 2005/06 to 2016/17: A population-based study by Weibo Tang, Hao Lei, Nan Zhang, Yaojing Wang, Shimeng Cai, Shuyi Ji, Lei Yang, Mengya Yang, Can Chen, Shigui Yang, Dayan Wang, Yuelong Shu

“…Methods: We collected weekly influenza surveillance data from 2005/06 to 2016/17, and quantified the aging of influenza-like illness (ILI) and influenza virus-positive cases in China via the mean age of the influenza cases and the proportion of individuals aged 65 and above among the influenza cases. …”
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Multiple pathways to evaluate the immunoprotective effect of Turkeys Herpesvirus recombinant vaccine expressing HA of H9N2 by Wenhao Yang, Jin Zhang, Jing Dai, Mengjiao Guo, Xiaolong Lu, Ruyi Gao, Kaituo Liu, Min Gu, Shunlin Hu, Xiufan Liu, Xiaoquan Wang, Xiaowen Liu

“…ABSTRACT: H9N2 avian influenza virus is a significant poultry pathogen that provides internal genes for multiple zoonotic subtypes of avian influenza, presenting a severe threat to public health. …”
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Enhanced biocidal efficacy of alcohol based disinfectants with salt additives by Euna Oh, Hyerin Shin, Sumin Han, Soo Jee Do, Younseo Shin, Ji Hee Pi, Youngjin Kim, Dae-Hong Ko, Kyu Hyoung Lee, Hyo-Jick Choi

“…Specifically, the disinfection capability of the isopropanol (IPA) and ethanol (EtOH) solutions containing NaCl salts was evaluated by measuring (1) antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli), and an alcohol-tolerant strain of E. coli; (2) sporicidal activity against Clostridioides difficile; (3) the antiviral activity against enveloped A/PR8/34 H1N1 influenza virus and non-enveloped adenovirus VR-5; and (4) the antifungal efficacy against Aspergillus niger and Cryptococcus neoformans from the time-dependent viability assays. …”
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Effects of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 on immunity, blood constituents, antioxidant capacity, egg quality and performance in laying Japanese quail by Asghar Sedaghat, Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi, Mohammad Reza Soleimani

“…Further, a substantially higher Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) titer resulted from treatments 3 and 4 in male birds among humoral immune responses. …”
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Coupled CRC 2D and ALI 3D Cultures Express Receptors of Emerging Viruses and Are More Suitable for the Study of Viral Infections Compared to Conventional Cell Lines by Siyu Xia, Jun Liu, Yan Yang, Ming Wu, Lina Ye, Si Chen, Tao Zhang, Zhihong Zeng, Kang Zhang, Kaihong Cai, Xiang Long, Wenbin Gao, Shisong Fang, Hui Li

“…More importantly, these cells express two types of influenza virus receptors, α2-6-Gal- and α2-3-Gal-linked sialic acids, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a receptor for SARS-CoVs as well. …”
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The guided fire from within: intratumoral administration of mRNA-based vaccines to mobilize memory immunity and direct immune responses against pathogen to target solid tumors by Renhao Li, Jing-Chu Hu, Li Rong, Yige He, Xiaolei Wang, Xuansheng Lin, Wenjun Li, Yangfan Wu, Chaiyaporn Kuwentrai, Canhui Su, Thomas Yau, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung, Xiang Gao, Jian-Dong Huang

“…Given that the majority of the global population has acquired memory immunity against various pathogens through infection or vaccination, we believe that, in addition to utilizing the widely held immune memory against SARS-CoV-2 via COVID-19 vaccine, mRNA vaccines against other pathogens, such as Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Common Human Coronaviruses (HCoVs), and the influenza virus, could be rapidly transitioned into clinical use and holds great promise in treating different types of cancer. …”
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An adenoviral vector encoding an inflammation-inducible antagonist, HMGB1 Box A, as a novel therapeutic approach to inflammatory diseases by Kari Ann Shirey, John Joseph, Lynda Coughlan, Haye Nijhuis, Alan W. Varley, Jorge C. G. Blanco, Stefanie N. Vogel

“…To test this hypothesis, we developed AdV.C3-Tat/HIV-Box A, an inflammation-inducible cassette that remains innocuous in the absence of inflammation but releases HMGB1 Box A, an antagonist of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), in response to inflammatory stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or influenza virus infection. We report here that this novel inflammation-inducible HMGB1 Box A construct in a non-replicative adenovirus (AdV) vector mitigates lung and systemic inflammation therapeutically in response to influenza infection. …”
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Influenza A H1N1 Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Characteristics and Risk Factors—A Case-Control Study by Romina Abelleira, Alberto Ruano-Ravina, Adriana Lama, Gema Barbeito, María E. Toubes, Cristina Domínguez-Antelo, Francisco J. González-Barcala, Nuria Rodríguez-Núñez, Pedro J. Marcos, María L. Pérez del Molino, Luis Valdés

“…We aim to establish the differences between pneumonia due to H1N1 virus and pneumonia not caused by H1N1 influenza virus and to determine the probability that a pneumonia is due to an H1N1 virus infection based on the most relevant variables. …”
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Avian influenza mRNA vaccine encoding hemagglutinin provides complete protection against divergent H5N1 viruses in specific-pathogen-free chickens by Zhaoyang Wang, Chongyu Tian, Jiahang Zhu, Shiqian Wang, Xiang Ao, Yanjuan He, Huixin Chen, Xiuying Liao, Deming Kong, Yongfei Zhou, Wanbo Tai, Ming Liao, Huiying Fan

“…Abstract Background The rapid mutation of avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a significant threat to both the poultry industry and public health. …”
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Testing of Retail Cheese, Butter, Ice Cream, and Other Dairy Products for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in the US by David L. Suarez, Iryna V. Goraichuk, Lindsay Killmaster, Erica Spackman, Nicole J. Clausen, Tristan J. Colonius, Cynthia L. Leonard, Monica L. Metz

“…Trial studies were conducted with different cheese types with spiked-in avian influenza virus to show that inoculation of the liquified cheese into embryonating chicken eggs was not toxic to the embryos and allowed virus replication. …”
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Expression and delivery of HA1-M2e antigen using an innovative attenuated Salmonella–mediated delivery system confers promising protection against H9N2 avian influenza challenge by Ram Prasad Aganja, In-Shik Kim, Hyun-Jin Tae, John Hwa Lee

“…To enhance immune protection against H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV), which threatens poultry and humans, we used the previously constructed pJHL270 and pJHL305 plasmids with the Ptrc and CMV promoters to stimulate MHC class II and I responses through exogenous and endogenous antigenic presentation. …”
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Coinfection of avian hepatitis E virus and different serotypes of fowl adenovirus in chicken flocks in Shaanxi, China by Yuan Zhang, Huanyu Xu, Yinuo Tian, Jirong Tang, Huanqing Lin, Yani Sun, Qin Zhao, En-Min Zhou, Yiyang Chen, Baoyuan Liu

“…To determine the source of the infection, the viruses of aHEV, FAdV, avian leukosis virus (ALV), Marek’s disease virus (MDV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) were detected. A total of 240 liver samples were collected from eight farms and detected by molecular etiology methods. …”
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