Development of Safe and Non-Self-Immunogenic Mucosal Adjuvant by Recombinant Fusion of Cholera Toxin A1 Subunit with Protein Transduction Domain by Byoung-Shik Shim, In Su Cheon, Eugene Lee, Sung-Moo Park, Youngjoo Choi, Dae-Im Jung, Eunji Yang, Jung-ah Choi, June Young Chun, Jae-Ouk Kim, Cheol-Heui Yun, Cecil Czerkinsky, Man Ki Song

“…In addition, coadministration of influenza M2 protein with TCTA1T conferred near complete protection against lethal influenza virus challenge. Importantly, TCTA1T, in contrast to CT, did not induce serum IgG antibody responses to itself and was shown to be nontoxic. …”
Get full text

Hand hygiene for prevention and control of viral infections: the role of Amuchina Gel Xgerm [Accepted for publication] by Claudio Cermelli, Elisabetta Blasi, Alessandra Capezzone de Joannon, Maria Ilaria Roselli, Daniele Frollano, Michela Procaccini

“…For adenovirus type 5, human coxsakievirus, herpesvirus 1 and influenza virus A H1N1, a ≥4 log10 reduction of virus titer was obtained already after 30 s. …”
Get full text

SEROLOGICAL MONITORING FOR AVIAN INFLUENZA IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2017–2018 by M. A. Volkova, Ir. A. Chvala, P. S. Yaroslavtseva, V. Yu. Sosipatorova, O. S. Osipova, I. A. Chvala

“…Antibodies to type A avian influenza virus were detected with laboratory tests in backyard poultry in the Smolensk Oblast and Republic of Crimea, antibodies to A/H5 AIV were found in backyard poultry in the Altai Krai, Rostov and Kaliningrad Oblasts, antibodies to A/H9 AIV were found in backyard poultry in the Primorsky Krai. …”
Get full text

Based on the MaxEnt model the analysis of influencing factors and simulation of potential risk areas of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) in China by Zhao Yang, Zhao Yang, Zhong Da Ren, Zhong Da Ren, Jie Wang, Wen Dong, Wen Dong

“…Exposure to infected animals and their contaminated environments may be the primary cause of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza virus. However, the transmission characteristics and specific role of various influencing factors in the spread of the epidemic are not clearly understood. …”
Get full text

HISTORY OF HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA ERADICATION IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2016–2017 by M. S. Volkov, V. N. Irza, A. V. Varkentin

“…Principal risks of introduction of emerging influenza virus subtypes into the Russian Federation are determined. …”
Get full text

Investigating Pb2 CAP-binding domain inhibitors from marine bacteria for targeting the influenza A H5N1. by Taha A Kumosani, Aymn T Abbas, Balogun Basheer, Ahmed M Hassan, Soonham S Yaghmoor, Areej H Alyahiby, Amer H Asseri, Vivek Dhar Dwivedi, Esam I Azhar

“…The ongoing increase in the prevalence and mutation rate of the influenza virus remains a critical global health issue. …”
Get full text

Synergistic Therapeutic Effects and Immunoregulatory Mechanism of Maxing Shigan Decoction Combined with Sijunzi Decoction on Viral Pneumonia in Mice by Huimin Huang, Huanhua Yang, Zurong Zhang, Yunlong Song, Li Li, Ke Li, Junjie Zhang, Xiaoyu Qi, Ying Wu

“…Together, SJZD improved the therapeutic effectiveness of MXSGD in treating influenza virus pneumonia than when used alone. MXSGD and SJZD exhibit synergistic effects in the treatment of influenza, as evidenced by the inhibition of TLR7 and NLRP3 inflammatory pathways early in the infection and facilitation of the response later. …”
Get full text

Stochastic differential equations to model influenza transmission with continuous and discrete-time Markov chains by Kazi Mehedi Mohammad, Md. Kamrujjaman

“…This study take account into the modeling, mathematical analysis, developing theories and numerical simulation of Influenza virus transmission together with stochastic behavior. …”
Get full text

Serological monitoring of avian influenza and Newcastle disease in the Russian Federation in 2019 by M. A. Volkova, I. A. Chvala, O. S. Osipova, M. A. Kulagina, D. B. Andreychuk, I. A. Chvala

“…As a result of the laboratory diagnosis, antibodies to type A influenza virus were detected in vaccinated chickens from two poultry farms in the Perm and Primorsky Krais (A/N9). …”
Get full text

Modifying non-coding regions of linear DNA vaccines to explore the interplay of expression and inflammation in immunogenicity by David C. Stirling, Maria de Miguel Ferrer, Sungwon Kim, Madina Wane, Daniel Kysh, Lisa J. Caproni, John S. Tregoning

“…Using a mouse model, we found that enhancer sequences and DNA targeting sequences (DTS) increased influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) expression and improved immune responses. …”
Get full text

The Role of Migration in Maintaining the Transmission of Avian Influenza in Waterfowl: A Multisite Multispecies Transmission Model along East Asian-Australian Flyway by Akira Endo, Hiroshi Nishiura

“…Migratory waterfowl annually migrate over the continents along the routes known as flyways, serving as carriers of avian influenza virus across distant locations. Prevalence of influenza varies with species, and there are also geographical and temporal variations. …”
Get full text

Etiology of Community Acquired Pneumonia at a Tertiary Care Hospital by Ritika Jha, Sumit Sengupta, Anshuman Mukhopadhyay, Ritam Chakraborty

“…Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common pathogen, isolated in 17 (20.48%) cases followed by Haemophilus influenzae in nine cases (10.84%), influenza virus in six cases (7.2%), Moraxella catarrhalis, rhino virus, and parainfluenza virus in five (6.02%) cases each, Staphylococcus aureus and Corona virus in four cases (4.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae in three cases (3.61%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae in two cases (2.41%), as well as RSV, adenovirus, pseudomonas, proteus, acinetobacter, and Aspergillus fumigatus were in one (1.2%) case each. …”
Get full text

Optimal strategies of social distancing and vaccination against seasonal influenza by Eunha Shim

“…Furthermore, with higher transmissibility of the influenza virus (i.e. higher R0), the optimal control strategy needs to include more efforts to increase vaccination rates rather than efforts to encourage social distancing. …”
Get full text

Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza in elderly Chinese patients with diabetes: A test-negative design case-control study by Zhengyan Chen, Tianchi Yang

“…A total of 2,204 elderly patients were tested for influenza virus nucleic acid or antigen during the study period. …”
Get full text

Vector‐Free Deep Tissue Targeting of DNA/RNA Therapeutics via Single Capacitive Discharge Conductivity‐Clamped Gene Electrotransfer by Jeremy L. Pinyon, Georg vonJonquieres, Stephen L. Mow, Amr Al Abed, Keng‐Yin Lai, Mathumathi Manoharan, Edward N. Crawford, Stanley H. Xue, Sarah Smith‐Moore, Lisa J. Caproni, Sarah Milsom, Matthias Klugmann, Nigel H. Lovell, Gary D. Housley

“…Delivery of DNAs encoding secreted alkaline phosphatase and Cal/09 influenza virus hemagglutinin antigen generate high systemic circulating recombinant protein levels and antibody titres. …”
Get full text

Specific detection of duck adeno-associated virus using a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay by Shuyu Chen, Shuyu Chen, YuYi Chen, YuYi Chen, Mengyan Zhang, Mengyan Zhang, Wenyu Zhang, Wenyu Zhang, Huanru Fu, Huanru Fu, Yu Huang, Longfei Cheng, Chunhe Wan

“…No cross reaction was found with duck circovirus (DuCV), H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV), avian Tembusu virus (ATmV). duck hepatitis A virus 1 and 3 (DHAV-1 and DHAV-3), duck adenovirus A (DAdV-A), duck adenovirus 3 (DAdV-3), or duck enteritis virus (DEV). …”
Get full text

Decreased Frequencies of Th17 and Tc17 Cells in Patients Infected with Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Virus by Jiaqi Bao, Dawei Cui, Xiaochen Wang, Qianda Zou, Dejian Zhao, Shufa Zheng, Fei Yu, Li Huang, Yuejiao Dong, Xianzhi Yang, Guoliang Xie, Weizhen Chen, Yu Chen

“…Although interleukin-17- (IL-17-) secreting CD4+ T (Th17) and CD8+ T (Tc17) cells have been proven to play crucial roles in influenza virus infection, the changes and roles of Th17 and Tc17 cells in immune responses to H7N9 infection remain controversial. …”
Get full text

Influenza A virus hemagglutinin: from classical fusion inhibitors to proteolysis targeting chimera-based strategies in antiviral drug discovery by Francisco Javier Hermoso-Pinilla, Aitor Valdivia, María-José Camarasa, Tiziana Ginex, Francisco Javier Luque

“…The influenza virus glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) participates in critical steps of the attachment of viral particles to the host cell membrane receptor and membrane fusion. …”
Get full text

The Impact of Vaccination on COVID-19, Influenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Outcomes: A Narrative Review by Roberto Debbag, Deborah Rudin, Francesca Ceddia, John Watkins

“…Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are common respiratory viruses responsible for broad societal cost and substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly among at-risk individuals, including older adults and people with frailty or certain comorbid conditions. …”
Get full text

A study on Bacterial Infections Associated with Central Nervous System in Pakistani Population by Muneeba Afzal, Hamza Altaf, Tayyaba Faiz, Samra Mannan

“…Major pathogens included Streptococcus pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus faecium, and Haemophilus influenzae, Viruses, fungi, and parasites were also involved. …”
Get full text