Observational research in epidemic settings: a roadmap to reform by Marc Lipsitch, Nicholas Evans, Alexandra L Phelan, Stephany N Duda, Annette Rid, Colin J Carlson, Jennifer B Rosen, Natalie E Dean, John Barugahare, Maya B Mathur, Emily E Ricotta, Fausto A Bustos Carrillo, Samuel Angelli-Nichols, Adia Benton, Emma Chang-Rabley, Lisa Federer, Mary-Margaret A Fill, Elizabeth C LeRoy, Natalie M Linton, Lauren Sauer, Sheena G Sullivan, Mackenzie Zendt

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GK-1 Improves the Immune Response Induced by Bone Marrow Dendritic Cells Loaded with MAGE-AX in Mice with Melanoma by Gabriela Piñón-Zárate, Miguel Ángel Herrera-Enríquez, Beatriz Hernández-Téllez, Katia Jarquín-Yáñez, Andrés Eliú Castell-Rodríguez

“…GK-1 peptide, derived from Taenia crassiceps, induces not only increase in TNFα, IFNγ, and MCP-1 production in cocultures of DCs and T lymphocytes but also immunological protection against influenza virus. Moreover, the aim of this investigation is the use of GK-1 as a bone marrow DCs (BMDCs) immunostimulant targeted with MAGE antigen; thus, BMDC may be used as immunotherapy against murine melanoma. …”
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Attitude to RSV Vaccination Among a Cohort of Pregnant Women in Jordan: A Cross‐Sectional Survey Study by Malik Sallam, Tleen Kherfan, Amwaj Al‐Farajat, Leen Nemrawi, Nada Atawneh, Rand Fram, Ala'a B. Al‐Tammemi, Muna Barakat, Kamil Fram

“…Variables that were significantly associated with a higher RSV vaccine acceptance in multivariate analysis were: age < 30 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.45, p = 0.010), undergraduates (aOR: 3.27, p = 0.026), being a healthcare worker (aOR: 4.50, p = 0.036), and the history of previous COVID‐19/influenza vaccine uptake (aOR: 2.47, p = 0.045). Two out of the six ABCDEF constructs were significantly associated with RSV vaccine acceptance, namely the “Advice” construct (aOR: 10.38, p < 0.001) and the “Fear” construct (aOR: 21.49, p < 0.001). …”
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Leptospirosis Prevalence in Patients with Initial Diagnosis of Dengue by A. Dircio Montes Sergio, E. González Figueroa, Verdalet Guzmán María Saadia, Soler Huerta Elizabeth, Rivas Sánchez Beatriz, M. Altuzar Aguilar Víctor, J. Navarrete Espinosa

“…It is necessary the intentional search of other pathologies, such as influenza, rickettsiosis, and brucella, among others.…”
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Epidemiologic characteristics of infectious disease-related public health emergencies in Guangdong province, 2014 – 2023: a surveillance data analysis by Weiyi CHEN, Runing GUO, Yun HUANG, Jianhua HUANG, Meiling YANG, Jiya DAI, Fengxiang SHI, Wenjia LIANG

“…The top five infectious diseases causing these public health emergencies were influenza (accounting for 18.82% of all reported emergencies), other infectious diarrheal diseases (17.42%), dengue fever (17.23%), varicella (17.00%), and hand, foot, and mouth disease (6.93%). …”
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Identification of climate-sensitive disease incidences in vietnam: A longitudinal retrospective analysis of infectious disease rates between 2014 and 2022 by Cuong Quoc Hoang, Quang Phuong Huynh Nguyen, Thao Phuong Huynh Nguyen, Hieu Trung Nguyen, Linh Thuy Hoang, Giang Huong Vu, Woong-Ki Kim, Hai Duc Nguyen

“…Result: The five infectious diseases with the highest average incidence rates per 100,000 people were diarrhea; hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD); dengue fever; viral hepatitis; and influenza. Positive associations with humidity were observed for dengue fever and HFMD. …”
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Mobile health clinics in a rural setting: a cost analysis and time motion study of La Clínica in Oregon, United States by Abigail Higgins, Middy Tilghman, Tracy Kuo Lin

“…Healthcare utilization varied between patient sub-populations, with Isolated Rural patient use dominated by Covid-19 and Influenza vaccines whereas PEH use was dominated by point of care testing (p < 0.01). …”
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A Truncated Multi-Thiol Aptamer-Based SARS-CoV-2 Electrochemical Biosensor: Towards Variant-Specific Point-of-Care Detection with Optimized Fabrication by Sergio Roberto Molina Ramirez, Nafiseh Samiseresht, Mateo Alejandro Martínez-Roque, Ferdinando Catania, Kevin Graef, Martin Rabe, Andreas Offenhäusser, Dirk Mayer, Gabriela Figueroa-Miranda

“…Furthermore, the C9t aptasensor showed high selectivity for SARS-CoV-2 S proteins over biomarkers for MERS-CoV, RSV, and Influenza. Even more, it showed a three times higher sensitivity for the Omicron in comparison to the Wuhan strain (wild type), alpha, and beta variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. …”
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The Rise of SARS-CoV-2 Variants and the Role of Convalescent Plasma Therapy for Management of Infections by Mohamed, Moubarak, Keneth Iceland, Kasozi, Helal F., Hetta, Hazem M., Shaheen, Abdur, Rauf, Hayder M., Al-kuraishy, Safaa, Qusti, Eida M., Alshammari, Emmanuel Tiyo, Ayikobua, Fred, Ssempijja, Adam Moyosore, Afodun, Ritah, Kenganzi, Ibe Michael, Usman, Juma John, Ochieng, Lawrence Obado, Osuwat, Kevin, Matama, Ali I., Al-Gareeb, Emmanuel, Kairania, Monica, Musenero, Susan, Christina Welburn, Gaber, El-Saber Batiha

“…For treatment, convalescent plasma therapy, successfully deployed during recent Ebola outbreaks and for H1N1 influenza, can increase survival rates and improve host responses to viral challenge. …”
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Assessing favipiravir impact on SARS-CoV-2 transmission within households: Insights from a multi-center study (FaviPrev) by Taweegrit Siripongboonsitti, Marisa Muadchimkaew, Kriangkrai Tawinprai, Ornisa Issaranon, Wichuda Meepholkij, Pureepat Arttawejkul, Apiradee Vararungzarit, Onwalee Dhissayakamol, Wilaiporn Preeyachit, Kamonwan Soonklang, Nithi Mahanonda

“…Background: While certain studies have demonstrated that antiviral treatment administered to index patients with influenza can mitigate the transmission within households, the efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents in curtailing household transmission remains to be conclusively established. …”
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Multiple viral infections and antimicrobial use in hospitalized children with respiratory illness during pandemic and early post-pandemic era, Taiwan by Chyi-Liang Chen, Yi-Ching Chen, Hsuan-Ling Hsiao, Yi-Jung Chang, Hsin-Chieh Li, Merve Arslan Aydin, Cheng-Hsun Chiu

“…An increase in the number of influenza cases with severe complications in Taiwan was observed after October 2022. …”
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Cluster randomised controlled trial to examine medical mask use as source control for people with respiratory illness by Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Chandini Raina MacIntyre, Yi Zhang, Quanyi Wang, Bayzidur Rahman, Haiyan Zhang, Holly Seale, Daitao Zhang, Yanhui Chu

“…Rationale Medical masks are commonly used by sick individuals with influenza-like illness (ILI) to prevent spread of infections to others, but clinical efficacy data are absent.Objective Determine whether medical mask use by sick individuals with ILI protects well contacts from related respiratory infections.Setting 6 major hospitals in 2 districts of Beijing, China.Design Cluster randomised controlled trial.Participants 245 index cases with ILI.Intervention Index cases with ILI were randomly allocated to medical mask (n=123) and control arms (n=122). …”
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Identification of Anoikis-Related Genes in Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Bioinformatics Analysis Combined with Experimental Validation by Liu H, Mei M, Zhong H, Lin S, Luo J, Huang S, Zhou J

“…The principal pathways enriched were involved in cell cycle progression Toxoplasmosis, Cell adhesion molecules, Influenza A, Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection, Small cell lung cancer, Amoebiasis, TNF signaling pathway, and Leukocyte transendothelial migration. …”
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Characteristics of the First Italian Older Adults Vaccinated with an Adjuvanted Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccine by Alexander Domnich, Andrea Orsi, Piero Luigi Lai, Elvira Massaro, Carlo-Simone Trombetta, Julieta Pastorino, Charlott Roihl, Marianna Pianta, Giancarlo Icardi, Donatella Panatto

“…Uptake of the routine vaccines was high: 91.2% and 98.7% received the 2023/2024 season influenza and ≥2 COVID-19 vaccines, respectively. The most common reasons for the current RSV vaccination were general practitioner advice (43.9%), followed by the willingness to be protected against (20.8%) and feelings of being at risk (16.6%) of RSV. …”
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PET Study of Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor 1 Expression in Response to S. aureus Infection by Hao Jiang, Jiwei Gu, Haiyang Zhao, Sumit Joshi, Joel S. Perlmutter, Robert J. Gropler, Robyn S. Klein, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Zhude Tu

“…Targeting S1PR1 provides protection against pathogens, such as influenza viruses. This study is aimed at investigating S1PR1 in response to bacterial infection by assessing S1PR1 expression in S. aureus-infected mice. …”
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Protocol on establishing a prospective enhanced surveillance of vaccine preventable diseases in residential aged care facilities in Central Queensland, Australia: an observational... by Mohammad Rashidul Hashan, Robert Booy, Michael Kirk, Gulam Khandaker, Gwenda Chapman, Jacina Walker, Sonya Jayne Davidson, Jill Auriac, Nicolas Smoll, Delwar Akbar

“…The increasing burden of emerging and existing VPDs (eg, COVID-19, influenza, pneumococcal, pertussis and varicella-zoster) necessitates the establishment of an active enhanced surveillance system to provide real-time evidence to devise strategies to reduce the burden of VPDs in RACFs.Method and analysis This study proposes a prospective active enhanced surveillance that will be implemented in RACFs across the Central Queensland (CQ) region. …”
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Assessment of physiological status of felids as indicator of their welfare in the wild by Ekaterina V. Pavlova, Evgeny A. Ivanov, Vadim E. Kiriluk, Vyacheslav V. Rozhnov

“…Pallas cats had the lowest occurrence of positive reactions to 4 pathogens: Toxoplasma gondii (12.5%), Mycoplasma sp. (12.5%), influenza A (7.1%), and feline leukemia virus (8.3%). …”
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A cross-sectional study exploring the predictors of herpes zoster vaccination for people aged over 50 years old in Chaoyang district, Beijing by Jiao Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Bin Jia, Yunhua Bai, Zhen Li, Fang Liu, Yingxue Hu, Xiaojing Guo, Jianxin Ma, Shuming Li, Qian Shi

“…Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that certain factors were associated with lower vaccination coverage, including being female, having a low frequency of influenza episodes (less than twice per year), and having chronic diseases. …”
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Cryptic transmission of a SARS-CoV-2 variant detected by wastewater surveillance in Panama by Melissa Gaitán, Yamitzel Zaldivar, Michelle Hernandez, Jessica Góndola, Oris Chavarría, Brechla Moreno, Danilo Franco, Rodrigo DeAntonio, Santiago Mirazo, Florencia Cancela, Maria Eugenia Barnett, Alexander A. Martinez, Juan Miguel Pascale, Sandra López-Vergès

“…The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the critical role of viral genomic surveillance, prompting numerous countries to enhance their monitoring systems for acute respiratory infections (ARIs), especially influenza-like illnesses (ILIs). Given the significance of asymptomatic cases in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, cases often undetected by the ILI surveillance, a more comprehensive approach was essential to track the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants in the population. …”
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Assessing the neuroprotective potential of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil in a 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease by Aracely Janneth Naranjo-Viteri, Matías Jávega Cometto, Matías Caverzan, Leandro Gabriel Champarini, María Paula Zunino, Rogelio E. Abburra, Claudia B. Hereñú, Rosana Crespo

“…Introduction: Essential oil (EO) of eucalyptus has been commonly used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat illnesses such as influenza, dysentery and eczema, and it is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. …”
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