The synergistic role of gut microbiota and RNA in metabolic diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic insights by Zhuo Huang, Zhuo Huang, Qinyan Yao, Qinyan Yao, Shuang Ma, Shuang Ma, Jinjie Zhou, Jinjie Zhou, Xiaoxuan Wang, Xiaoxuan Wang, Qingguo Meng, Qingguo Meng, Yaxin Liu, Yaxin Liu, Zihan Yu, Zihan Yu, Xin Chen, Xin Chen

“…Microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), modulate RNA expression, influencing lipid metabolism, glucose regulation, and inflammatory responses. Additionally, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as critical regulators in these processes, with emerging evidence showing that gut-derived metabolites affect post-transcriptional gene regulation. …”
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Recent advances in nutritional metabolism studies on SARS-CoV-2 infection by Yufen Jiang, Linle Xu, Xuexing Zheng, Hongbo Shi

“…By monitoring metabolic changes, infection severity can be predicted early, and modulating these metabolic pathways may help reduce inflammatory responses, improve immune responses, and reduce the risk of thrombosis. …”
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Chronic Ethanol Feeding Modulates Inflammatory Mediators, Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB, and Responsiveness to Endotoxin in Murine Kupffer Cells and Circulating Leukocytes by Miriam Maraslioglu, Elsie Oppermann, Carolin Blattner, Roxane Weber, Dirk Henrich, Christian Jobin, Elke Schleucher, Ingo Marzi, Mark Lehnert

“…Several intracellular signalling mechanisms are involved in the initiation of inflammatory responses, including the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. …”
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The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Abnormal Uterine Bleeding According to the PALM-COEIN Classification by Onur Bektas, Kivilcim Bektas, Sirin Aydin, Gulsen Dogan Durdag, Husnu Celik

“…These include direct inflammation of the ovarian and endometrial tissues, potential defects in endometrial repair mechanisms secondary to inflammation, changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, immunological effects of vaccination, systemic inflammatory responses affecting the ovary and endometrium, changes in inflammatory and immune mediators, and immune cell activation. …”
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Adipose Tissue Remodeling as Homeostatic Inflammation by Michiko Itoh, Takayoshi Suganami, Rumi Hachiya, Yoshihiro Ogawa

“…Such a sustained interaction between endogenous ligands derived from parenchymal cells and pathogen sensors expressed in stromal immune cells should lead to chronic inflammatory responses ranging from the basal homeostatic state to diseased tissue remodeling, which may be referred to as “homeostatic inflammation”. …”
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Novel Mechanisms Modulating Palmitate-Induced Inflammatory Factors in Hypertrophied 3T3-L1 Adipocytes by AMPK by Naru Morita, Toshio Hosaka, Atsuko Kitahara, Toshitaka Murashima, Hirohisa Onuma, Yoshikazu Sumitani, Kazuto Takahashi, Toshiaki Tanaka, Takuma Kondo, Hitoshi Ishida

“…A growing body of evidence indicates that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) contributes to not only energy metabolic homeostasis but also the inhibition of inflammatory responses. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. …”
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Hyaluronate Acid-Dependent Protection and Enhanced Corneal Wound Healing against Oxidative Damage in Corneal Epithelial Cells by Jing Zhong, Yuqing Deng, Bishan Tian, Bowen Wang, Yifang Sun, Haixiang Huang, Ling Chen, Shiqi Ling, Jin Yuan

“…HA enhanced corneal epithelial cell wound healing by promoting cell migration, upregulating repair responses, and suppressing inflammatory responses.…”
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Inhibition of Kv1.3 channel restrains macrophage M2 polarization and ameliorates renal fibrosis via regulating STAT6 phosphorylation by Yanshan Chen, Yuanxing Zhi, Hailin Zhong, Liang Ma, Xinpei Gu, Yijing Cai, Jingjing Huang, Xin Yi, Xiaoyan Wu, Ken Kin Lam Yung, Pingzheng Zhou

“…Macrophages play crucial roles in regulating both homeostatic and inflammatory responses, with classical activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) subsets defined by the surrounding micro-environment. …”
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Deficiency in Galectin-3 Promotes Hepatic Injury in CDAA Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Kazuhiro Nomoto, Takeshi Nishida, Yuko Nakanishi, Makoto Fujimoto, Ichiro Takasaki, Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Koichi Tsuneyama

“…This protein is involved in inflammatory responses and carcinogenesis. We investigated whether galectin-3 is involved in the development of NASH by comparing galectin-3 knockout (gal3−/−) mice and wild-type (gal3+/+) mice with choline-deficient L-amino-acid-defined (CDAA) diet-induced NAFLD/NASH. …”
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Activation of Vitamin D Regulates Response of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells to Aspergillus fumigatus in an Autocrine Fashion by Pei Li, Ting Wu, Xin Su, Yi Shi

“…Recent evidence has demonstrated that airway epithelial cells play an important role in combating A. fumigatus through inflammatory responses. Human airway epithelial cells have been proven to synthesize the active vitamin D, which plays a key role in regulating inflammation. …”
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Chromatin accessibility and differentially expressed genes profiling in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) head kidney cells following iridovirus infection by Chaowei Song, Ying Huang, Fang Han, Zhiyong Wang, Zhiyong Wang

“…CUT&Tag results revealed that AP-1 was significantly enriched in the open chromatin regions of cytokine genes, with Batf potentially regulating the cytokine genes LIF and CLCF1.DiscussionThese findings suggest that AP-1 may play a crucial role in the defense response against viral infection by modulating inflammatory cytokines and contributing to cellular inflammatory responses. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the epigenomic landscape and gene expression regulation during iridovirus infection in L. crocea, offering valuable insights for breeding programs aimed at combating iridovirus infections.…”
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Supramolecular prodrug inspiried by the Rhizoma Coptidis-Fructus Mume herbal pair alleviated inflammatory diseases by inhibiting pyroptosis by Wenhui Qian, Bei Zhang, Ming Gao, Yuting Wang, Jiachen Shen, Dongbing Liang, Chao Wang, Wei Wei, Xing Pan, Qiuying Yan, Dongdong Sun, Dong Zhu, Haibo Cheng

“…Sustained inflammatory responses are closely related to various severe diseases, and inhibiting the excessive activation of inflammasomes and pyroptosis has significant implications for clinical treatment. …”
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Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with lymph node metastases by Wei Guo, Bolun Zhou, Lizhou Dou, Lei Guo, Yong Li, Jianjun Qin, Zhen Wang, Qilin Huai, Xuemin Xue, Yin Li, Jianming Ying, Qi Xue, Shugeng Gao, Jie He

“…Furthermore, stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, including MMP3+IL24+ fibroblasts, APLN+ endothelial cells, and CXCL12+ pericytes, were implicated in ESCC metastasis through angiogenesis, collagen production, and inflammatory responses. Exhausted CD8+ T cells in a cycling status were notably prevalent in metastatic lymph nodes, indicating their potential role in facilitating metastasis. …”
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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Suppress Lactobacillus casei Cell-Wall-Induced NF-κB and MAPK Activations and Cell Proliferation through Protein Kinase A—or Exchange Protein Activated... by Takekatsu Saito, Naotoshi Sugimoto, Kunio Ohta, Tohru Shimizu, Kaori Ohtani, Yuko Nakayama, Taichi Nakamura, Yashiaki Hitomi, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Shoichi Koizumi, Akihiro Yachie

“…The onset and progression of inflammatory responses are sensitive to changes in steady-state cAMP levels. …”
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Antimicrobial peptide AP2 ameliorates Salmonella Typhimurium infection by modulating gut microbiota by Lianglan Li, Qiufen Mo, Yi Wan, Yuanhao Zhou, Weiqin Li, Weifen Li

“…Abstract Background Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and proteins are essential for shaping and maintaining a healthy gut microbiota, contributing to anti-inflammatory responses and resistance to pathogen colonization. …”
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IL-34 Suppresses Candida albicans Induced TNFα Production in M1 Macrophages by Downregulating Expression of Dectin-1 and TLR2 by Rong Xu, Hong-Fan Sun, David W. Williams, Adam V. Jones, Ali Al-Hussaini, Bing Song, Xiao-Qing Wei

“…Normally, C. albicans exists as a harmless commensal and does not trigger inflammatory responses by resident macrophages in skin mucosa, which may be caused by a tolerance of skin macrophage to C. albicans. …”
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Impact of Aluminium Chloride (AlCl₃) on Brain Function: A Review of Neurotoxic Mechanisms and Implications for Alzheimer's Disease by Amtul Rahman, Zeenath Banu

“…AlCl3 disrupts normal brain function, potentially leading to oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and cognitive decline, all of which are implicated in AD pathology. …”
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Nerve root magnetic stimulation regulates the synaptic plasticity of injured spinal cord by ascending sensory pathway by Ya Zheng, Lingyun Cao, Dan Zhao, Qi Yang, Chunya Gu, Yeran Mao, Guangyue Zhu, Yulian Zhu, Jing Zhao, Dongsheng Xu

“…Taken together, these results showed that nerve root magnetic stimulation alleviated neuronal damage in the injured spinal cord, regulated synaptic plasticity, and suppressed inflammatory responses. These findings provide laboratory evidence for the clinical application of nerve root magnetic stimulation in the treatment of spinal cord injury.…”
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Generation, interrogation, and future applications of microglia-containing brain organoids by Julia Di Stefano, Federica Di Marco, Ilaria Cicalini, Una FitzGerald, Damiana Pieragostino, Marleen Verhoye, Peter Ponsaerts, Elise Van Breedam

“…By summarizing the different approaches applied to incorporate microglia, it is highlighted that immune-competent brain organoids are not only important for studying neuronal network formation, but also offer a clear future as a new tool to study inflammatory responses in vitro in 3D in a brain-like environment. …”
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The Pathology of Orthopedic Implant Failure Is Mediated by Innate Immune System Cytokines by Stefan Landgraeber, Marcus Jäger, Joshua J. Jacobs, Nadim James Hallab

“…However, a consensus of studies agrees that the dominant form of this response is due to innate reactivity by macrophages to implant debris where both danger (DAMP) and pathogen (PAMP) signalling elicit cytokine-based inflammatory responses. This paper discusses implant debris induced release of the cytokines and chemokines due to activation of the innate (and the adaptive) immune system and the subsequent formation of osteolysis. …”
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