Editorial: Insights in clinical and translational physiology: 2023 by Gaetano Santulli, Gaetano Santulli, Gaetano Santulli, Markus W. Hollmann, Christina M. Pabelick, Johannes J. Van Lieshout, Johannes J. Van Lieshout

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COVID-19 and post-disease features in patients with obesity by Ekaterina S. Frolova, Pavel P. Veselovsky, Galina A. Chumakova, Nadezhda G. Veselovskaya, Anna V. Ott

“…Fatty tissue is known to support chronic low-grade inflammation and has its own endocrine activity. Over time, it became obvious that some patients still have consequences following the acute phase of COVID-19, which in some cases lead to irreversible changes in the body and reduced quality of life. …”
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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Relationship with Obesity by Lina Neri Espinosa Pire, Iruma Alfonso González, Michelle Ariana Calvache Vargas, Holger Alexander Lozano Ati

“…The insulin resistance observed in diabetic patients with obesity is caused by inflammation and the presence of immune cells in adipose tissue. …”
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Lifestyle Issues in Children and Adolescents with Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases by P Sherman, A Griffiths, M Marcon, C Smith, R Geist

“…The goals of therapy in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases in pediatrics include decreasing mucosa! inflammation, the restoration of optimal growth and pubertal development, and the return to a normal, age-appropriate lifestyle. …”
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A Molecular and Whole Body Insight of the Mechanisms Surrounding Glucose Disposal and Insulin Resistance with Hypoxic Treatment in Skeletal Muscle by R. W. A. Mackenzie, P. Watt

“…Indeed, hypoxia has been widely implicated in the development of insulin resistance either via the direct action on insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) or indirectly through adipose tissue expansion and systemic inflammation. Yet hypoxia is also known to encourage glucose transport using insulin-dependent mechanisms, largely reliant on the metabolic master switch, 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). …”
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Tophaceous Gout and Renal Insufficiency: A New Solution for an Old Therapeutic Dilemma by Anne-Kathrin Tausche, Carsten Wunderlich, Martin Aringer

“…After initial worsening of inflammation in the first weeks, gouty attacks stopped and all tophi resolved within the following 10 months. …”
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Persistent Suppression of Type 1 Diabetes by a Multicomponent Vaccine Containing a Cholera Toxin B Subunit-Autoantigen Fusion Protein and Complete Freund’s Adjuvant by Béla Dénes, István Fodor, William H. R. Langridge

“…Systemic coinoculation of prediabetic mice with recombinant vaccinia virus rVV-CTB::GAD and undiluted or 10-fold diluted CFA demonstrated a significant decrease in hyperglycemia and pancreatic islet inflammation in comparison with control animals during 17–61 and 17–105 weeks of age, respectively. …”
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The Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor as a Target for Antidepressant Drug Development by Noah S. Philip, Linda L. Carpenter, Audrey R. Tyrka, Lawrence H. Price

“…This receptor, which is distributed widely in regions of the brain associated with depression, is also implicated in other important processes that are relevant to depression, such as stress and inflammation. The two classes of drugs that target nAChRs can be broadly divided into mecamylamine- and cytisine-based compounds. …”
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha Target Genes by Maryam Rakhshandehroo, Bianca Knoch, Michael Müller, Sander Kersten

“…The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in the regulation of a variety of processes, ranging from inflammation and immunity to nutrient metabolism and energy homeostasis. …”
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Exosome-Like Vesicles as New Mediators and Therapeutic Targets for Treating Insulin Resistance and β-Cell Mass Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Qian Ge, Xin Xin Xie, Xiaoqiu Xiao, Xi Li

“…Pathologic conditions associated with type 2 diabetes (such as high blood glucose, inflammation, hypoxia, and fatty acids) can alter the quantity and components of ELVs secreted from the pancreas or peripheral insulin-targeting tissues. …”
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The Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor in Brain Functions: An Update by Marie-Odile Guimond, Nicole Gallo-Payet

“…If confirmed, these new pharmacological tools should help to improve impaired cognitive performance, not only through its action on brain microcirculation and inflammation, but also through more specific effects on neurons. …”
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Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase and the Neuroprotective Function of Conjugated ZnO-Osthol Nanoparticles in Alzheimer’s Disease by Nahed S. Alharthi, Fahad M. Aldakheel, Abdulkarim S. Binshaya

“…The mechanism of this effect is still unknown, although the effect of osthol on Aβ-induced inflammation is neuroprotective in AD and supplementation with zinc might prevent or delay the onset of dementia. …”
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Cutaneous Necrotizing Vasculitis and Leukopenia in a Cocaine User: Is Levamisole the Culprit? by Lara El Khoury, Nabil Zeineddine, Richard Felix, Mark Goldstein

“…Her skin biopsy showed fibroconnective tissue with signs of necrosis, acute and chronic inflammation, and thrombus formation. She was diagnosed with levamisole-induced vasculitis and successfully treated with withdrawal of cocaine use and local wound care.…”
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Migratory Polyarthritis Associated With Clopidogrel: A Case Report by Hamid Khederlou, Reza Hassanzadeh-Makoui, Vanoushe Azimi Pirsaraei

“…All symptoms and signs of joint inflammation had improved within five days of stopping the Clopidogrel. …”
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Papillion-Lefèvre Syndrome: Periodontists’ Perspective by Sunil Kumar Biraggari, K. Krishna Mohana Reddy, J. Sudhakar, Shiva Shankar Bugude, Rajesh Nichenametla, Mazher Ahmed Hakeem, Swati Reddy Tiyyagura

“…Her intraoral examination revealed gingival inflammation, abscess formation, and periodontal pockets. …”
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PPARG Epigenetic Deregulation and Its Role in Colorectal Tumorigenesis by Lina Sabatino, Alessandra Fucci, Massimo Pancione, Vittorio Colantuoni

“…Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) plays critical roles in lipid storage, glucose metabolism, energy homeostasis, adipocyte differentiation, inflammation, and cancer. Its function in colon carcinogenesis has largely been debated; accumulating evidence, however, supports a role as tumor suppressor through modulation of crucial pathways in cell differentiation, apoptosis, and metastatic dissemination. …”
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Factors Predetermining Increased Aqueous Humour Flare in Long-Term Glaucoma Treatment by G. Pakuliene, L. Kuzmiene, I. Januleviciene

“…Laser flare photometry is the noninvasive quantitative measurement of anterior chamber protein level and helps tracking intraocular inflammation. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the ocular aqueous humour flare in glaucoma patients, scheduled for cataract surgery without any other ocular diseases, and the association with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome, number of medications used, and BAK. …”
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Mechanics of cell sheets: plectin as an integrator of cytoskeletal networks by Zuzana Outla, Magdalena Prechova, Katerina Korelova, Jakub Gemperle, Martin Gregor

“…Subsequent loss of barrier function leads to disturbed tissue homeostasis and pathological consequences such as skin blistering or intestinal inflammation. In this article, we highlight the importance of the cytolinker protein plectin for the functional organization of epithelial cytoskeletal networks. …”
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Melittin, a Potential Natural Toxin of Crude Bee Venom: Probable Future Arsenal in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus by Md. Sakib Hossen, Siew Hua Gan, Md. Ibrahim Khalil

“…Other possible mechanisms may involve stimulation of phospholipase A2, increase of glucose uptake, improving lipid profile, and/or reduction of inflammation. This review summarizes the various sources, proteomics, biological roles, adverse effects, and medical applications of melittin and its mechanism of action in combating DM.…”
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Role of Nasal Endoscopy in Chronic Osteomyelitis of Maxilla and Zygoma: A Case Report by J. S. Arunkumar, Ashok S. Naik, K. C. Prasad, S. G. Santhosh

“…Cranial bones are infrequently involved, but spreading of inflammation with involvement of surrounding structures represents important risk, such as cerebral abscess, encephalitis, or meningitis. …”
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