Congenital Extrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts: Spectrum of Findings on Ultrasound, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging by Pankaj Gupta, Anindita Sinha, Kushaljit Singh Sodhi, Anupam Lal, Uma Debi, Babu R. Thapa, Niranjan Khandelwal

“…Type I is characterised by complete lack of intrahepatic portal venous blood flow due to an end to side fistula between main portal vein and the inferior vena cava. Type II on the other hand is characterised by partial preservation of portal blood supply to liver and side to side fistula between main portal vein or its branches and mesenteric, splenic, gastric, and systemic veins. …”
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Role of CT in Assessment of Unresectable Wilms' Tumor Response after Preoperative Chemotherapy in Pediatrics by Huda Refaie, Mohamed Sarhan, Ashraf Hafez

“…Among our patients, 28 (77.8%) gave good response in the form of significant reduction in tumor size, disappearance of one tumor in two cases with bilateral WT and inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus, and increased nonenhancing necrotizing content. …”
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Influence of chronic ischemic disorders in the prostate on the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia by G. E. Roitberg, K. G. Mkrtchyan, N. G. Kulchenko

“…In the main group of animals (n=10), we created a model of chronic ischemic disorders in the prostate by partial ligation of the inferior Vena cava. After 1.5 months, we conducted a hormonal study in all rats (n=20) — determining the concentration of androgens (testosterone, dihydrotestosterone) and estrogens (estradiol) in the blood of animals and prostate tissue.Results. …”
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Endovascular Therapy Is Effective for Leriche Syndrome with Deep Vein Thrombosis by Tasuku Higashihara, Nobuo Shiode, Tomoharu Kawase, Hiromichi Tamekiyo, Masaya Otsuka, Tomokazu Okimoto, Yasuhiko Hayashi

“…We performed endovascular therapy (EVT) for Leriche syndrome, and a temporary filter was inserted in the inferior vena cava. He received anticoagulation therapy for deep vein thrombosis. …”
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A technique avoiding cardioplegia delivery complications: a case using systemic hyperkalemia cardiopulmonary bypass combined with circulatory arrest by Takeichi Tomohisa, Morimoto Yoshihisa, Yamada Akitoshi, Tanaka Takanori

“…Consequently, retrograde cardioplegia was considered, but due to significant adhesion of the inferior vena cava, this approach was abandoned. Thus, the procedure was altered to utilize systemic hyperkalemia without aortic cross-clamping (ACC). …”
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Simultaneous Left Ventricular and Deep Vein Thrombi Caused by Protein C Deficiency by Harufumi Maki, Motohiro Nishiyama, Motoaki Shirakawa

“…Thrombosis extending from the renal vein to the inferior vena cava was also detected. Electrocardiography revealed ST depression in leads II, III, and aVF. …”
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Liver Transplantation in Situs Inversus and Portal Vein Thrombosis (First Case Report in Russia) by M. S. Novruzbekov, O. D. Olisov, V. A. Guliaev, K. N. Lutsyk, K. M. Magomedov, B. I. Kazymov

“…End-to-side cavocaval anastomosis was formed between the donor's retrohepatic and the recipient's main inferior vena cava, with successive portal and arterial anastomoses and complete donor liver reperfusion. …”
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Radical Resection of a Late-Relapsed Testicular Germ Cell Tumour: Hepatectomy, Cavotomy, and Thrombectomy by C. Ní Leidhin, C. E. Redmond, A. M. Cahalane, H. M. Heneghan, R. Motyer, E. R. Ryan, E. Hoti

“…We present the case of a late and extensively relapsed nonseminomatous germ cell tumour with thrombus present along the entire length of the inferior vena cava, as well as in the right hepatic vein. …”
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Tuberculous cardiac tamponade presenting as severe hypoxic hepatitis by Valdes Roberto Bollela, Fernanda Guioti Puga, Rodrigo Carvalho Santana

“…An abdominal ultrasonography confirmed the hepatomegaly and enlargement of inferior vena cava, while the echocardiogram showed a large pericardial effusion with signs of cardiac tamponade. …”
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Leiomyosarcoma of the Right Gonadal Vein: Review of the Approach and Prognostic in a Rare Case by Noa de la Fuente, Manuel Rodríguez Blanco, Gemma Cerdán, Antonio Moral, Vicenç Artigas

“…It originates in the smooth muscle cells of the vessel wall and is frequently located in the inferior vena cava. Primary leiomyosarcomas of the gonadal vein are rare, with only 10 cases reported in the literature. …”
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Rare Pathology Case Report: Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma Forming Sex Cord– and Endometrioid Gland–Like Differentiation in Metastatic Foci by Haneen Al-Maghrabi, Ghadeer Mokhtar, Jaudah Al-Maghrabi

“…We present a case of a 51-year-old lady with a history of LGESS who was treated with surgery and radiotherapy and then presented after 12 years with an inferior vena cava (IVC) mass, which was confirmed histologically to be metastatic LGESS. …”
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Penetrating cardiac injury resulting in a bullet embolus: a case report by Sammy Shihadeh, Anwar Khan, Kristen Walker, Ali Al-Rawi, Alfredo Cordova

“…It traveled into the venous vasculature through the right atrium, into the inferior vena cava, and eventually settled in the right internal iliac vein. …”
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A Case of Pregnancy Complicated with ATIII Deficiency in a Patient Who Developed Severe Venous Thromboembolism in Her Fourth Pregnancy and Had a Favourable Outcome in Her Subsequen... by Mie Sakai, Jumpei Ogura, Koji Yamanoi, Takahiro Hirayama, Tsutomu Ohara, Haruka Suzuki, Yoshihide Inayama, Koji Yasumoto, Koh Suginami

“…A 30-year-old female, 4 gravida and 2 para, came to the emergency department with a complaint of oedema and pain in the left lower leg at 11 weeks of gestation. An inferior vena cava thrombus and pulmonary embolism were found. …”
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Intravenous Leiomyoma with Extension to the Heart: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Fuat Demirkiran, Veysel Sal, Umit Kaya, Cem Alhan, Nedim Tokgozoglu

“…It revealed a mass originating from the left common iliac vein, which invaded the inferior vena cava (IVC) and extended to the right atrium in addition to the uterine fibroids and pelvic masses. …”
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Accuracy of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiographic Doppler Parameters in Assessing the Right Ventricular Diastolic Function After Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in Pediatr... by Nagarjuna Panidapu, Saravana Babu, Baiju S. Dharan, Barsha Sen, Thomas Koshy

“…The ASE-described parameters (late diastolic forward flow in the main pulmonary artery, right atrial dilatation, inferior vena cava dilatation, and hepatic venous flow reversal) were acquired to diagnose the RVDD. …”
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Ligation of Left Renal Vein for Spontaneous Splenorenal Shunt to Prevent Portal Hypoperfusion after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation by Lampros Kousoulas, Kristina Imeen Ringe, Michael Winkler, Frank Lehner, Nicolas Richter, Juergen Klempnauer, Fabian Helfritz

“…A programmed relaparotomy was performed on the first postoperative day, and the left renal vein was ligated just to the left of the inferior vena cava. Portal flows subsequently increased to 37 cm/sec, and the patient presented a good and stable liver function. …”
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Intravascular Leiomyomatosis as a Rare Cause of Nonthrombotic Pulmonary Embolism by Julie Van Maercke, Anne-Sophie Van Rompuy, Willy Poppe, Tom Verbelen, Marion Delcroix, Catharina Belge

“…Rarely, this neoplasm is located in the inferior vena cava or in the pulmonary vasculature potentially causing symptoms of dyspnea, chest pain, or syncope. …”
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A Unique and Rare Presentation of Adult Congenital Heart Disease: Common Atrium Associated with Coronary Aneurysms and Fistula by Muhammad Shabbir Rawala, Alex Munoz, Mohammad Hassan Pervaiz

“…Oxygen saturation in the right atrium was higher than in the inferior vena cava. Hence, an intracardiac shunt with a 10% increase in oxygen saturation was identified. …”
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Perioperative ultrasound screening of lower extremity veins is effective in the prevention of fatal pulmonary embolism in orthopedic patients by Haoran Li, Zhi Li, Na Yang, Jian Xing, Huijun Yuan, Zhe Song, Xing Wei, Teng Ma, Qian Wang, Pengfei Wang, Kun Zhang

“…Ultrasound screening of the lower limb veins should be routinely performed in orthopedic patients during the perioperative period. Prophylactic inferior vena cava filter implantation, thrombolytic therapy, and CTPA can be performed in patients with suspected PE to reduce its incidence.…”
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Intravenous leiomyomatosis presenting as Budd–Chiari syndrome: a case report and literature review by Jingwen Gan, Xiao Ma, Jiang Shao, Jinhui Wang, Dongyan Cao

“…Conclusions BCS caused by IVL should be considered when the inferior vena cava and right atrium lesions were detected in a patient with characteristics of BCS and a history of uterine myoma or hysterectomy. …”
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