The imbalance of circulating PD-L1-expressing non-classical/ classical monocytes is involved in immunocompromised host related pulmonary opportunistic infection by Danhong Zhou, Yujia Jin, Yifan Jin, Yu Shen, Qiuxia Qu, Cheng Chen

“…We aimed to investigate the changes of circulating monocyte subsets in AID or AID-ICH patients with pulmonary infection. The subgroups and PD-L1 expression of monocytes were measured by flow cytometry in healthy individuals (HC), new-onset AID patients (AID cohort) and AID-ICH patients with pulmonary opportunistic infection (AID-ICH cohort). …”
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Reviewing the Emergence of Lactococcus garvieae: A Case of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Lactococcus garvieae and Escherichia coli Coinfection by Tatvam T. Choksi, Farhan Dadani

“…Lactococcus garvieae is considered a low virulence organism which is rarely associated with human infections. Most of the reported cases have been associated with bacteremia with or without endocarditis. …”
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Epidemiological Analysis of a <i>K. pneumoniae</i> NDM Outbreak in a Temporary Ward for Patients with Primary COVID-19 Infection by Agata Pruss, Klaudia Miładowska, Helena Masiuk, Paweł Kwiatkowski, Joanna Jursa-Kulesza, Bartosz Wojciuk, Stefania Giedrys-Kalemba, Barbara Dołęgowska

“…Twenty-eight <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains were analyzed from patients with primary COVID-19 infection. The drug susceptibility of the strains was determined by the diffusion–circulation method and E-test. …”
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Characterization, Molecular Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrhea Infected Patients Around Dhaka City by Fahima Akter, Md. Shamimuzzaman, Susmita Roy Chowdhury, Faria Islam, Rajib Kanti Roy

“… Background: Mostly Escherichia coli is an innocuous intestinal inhabitant and does not cause infection or disease in a healthy individual. Nevertheless, Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) is one of the few strains that causes severe diarrheal disease in humans all over the world, where tropical and developing countries have a higher incident rate. …”
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A scoping review of evidence of naturally occurring Japanese encephalitis infection in vertebrate animals other than humans, ardeid birds and pigs. by Zoë A Levesque, Michael G Walsh, Cameron E Webb, Ruth N Zadoks, Victoria J Brookes

“…This scoping review followed PRISMA guidelines to identify species in which evidence of naturally occurring JEV infection was detected in vertebrates other than ardeid birds, pigs and people. …”
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Genomic and phylogenetic analysis of a NDM-1 producing ST152 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a bloodstream infection in China by Renchi Fang, Lingfang Di, Xuebin Tian, Yongfeng Bai

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Characterization, Molecular Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrhea Infected Patients Around Dhaka City by Fahima Akter, Md. Shamimuzzaman, Susmita Roy Chowdhury, Faria Islam, Rajib Kanti Roy

“… Background: Mostly Escherichia coli is an innocuous intestinal inhabitant and does not cause infection or disease in a healthy individual. Nevertheless, Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) is one of the few strains that causes severe diarrheal disease in humans all over the world, where tropical and developing countries have a higher incident rate. …”
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Treatable traits in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: focus on respiratory tract infections—a systematic review and a meta-analysisResearch in context by Zsombor Matics, Anna Bardóczi, Csongor Galkó, Bence Szabó, Noémi Gede, Zsolt Molnár, Gábor Duray, Caner Turan, Péter Hegyi, Gábor Horváth, Veronika Müller

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Antiviral Treatment Alters the Frequency of Activating and Inhibitory Receptor-Expressing Natural Killer Cells in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infected Patients by Juan Lv, Qinglong Jin, Haibo Sun, Xiumei Chi, Xiaoli Hu, Hongqing Yan, Yu Pan, Weihua Xiao, Zhigang Tian, Jinlin Hou, Damo Xu, Zhengkun Tu, Junqi Niu

“…Our results demonstrate that treatment with tenofovir leads to viral load reduction, and correlated with NK cell frequencies in peripheral blood of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. In addition, treatments with both tenofovir and adefovir in chronic HBV infected patients induce a decrease of the frequency of inhibitory receptor+ NK cells, which may account for the partial restoration of the function of NK cells in peripheral blood following treatment.…”
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Activity of Various Cathepsin Proteases and Enrichment of Klotho Protein in the Urine and Urinary Extracellular Vesicles After SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Niharika Bala, Ramish H. Rafay, Sarah C. Glover, Abdel A. Alli

“…<b>Conclusions:</b> Taken together, our data identify novel urinary biomarkers that could be used to further investigate the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”
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Overt Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Infection: An Infrequent Occurrence in Archived Tissue from False TB Reactor Cattle in Michigan, USA by Scott D. Fitzgerald, Steven R. Bolin, Kathryn G. Boland, Ailam Lim, John B. Kaneene

“…This increased slightly to 2.1 percent of cattle likely infected with MAP after additional testing using a PCR assay. …”
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Hospital solid waste management strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections from occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens and improve occupational safety by Augusto Jorge Antonio Ibáñez-Cruz, Alejandra Micaela Elena Vergara-Florián, William C. Algoner

Subjects: “…nosocomial infections…”
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Cost Comparison of Linezolid Versus Vancomycin for Treatment of Complicated Skin and Skin-Structure Infection Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Quebec by Martine Pettigrew, Daniel JG Thirion, Michael Libman, Giovanni Zanotti

“…BACKGROUND: In Canada, complicated skin and skin-structure infection (cSSSI) caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is usually treated with antibiotics in hospital, with a follow-up course at home for stable patients. …”
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Complex and severe infection in a 67-year-old liver transplant recipient due to Cunninghamella elegans, Bordetella bronchiseptica, and Pneumocystis jirovecii by Muyun Wei, Kangyi Gu, Juanxiu Qin, Xinhua Lu, Junqi Feng, Shaowei Mao, Min Li, Zhilan Li, Changsheng Wang

“…Abstract Introduction Cunninghamella elegans infections cause rare and severe mucormycosis. Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pneumocystis jirovecii relate to pneumonia. …”
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Blood Culture-Negative but Clinically Diagnosed Infective Endocarditis Complicated by Intracranial Mycotic Aneurysm, Brain Abscess, and Posterior Tibial Artery Pseudoaneurysm by Chao Jiang, Haibin Lu, Yaoqiang Guo, Li Zhu, Tianqi Luo, Wendy Ziai, Jian Wang

“…Although the blood culture is negative, this patient was clinically diagnosed as infective endocarditis according to Duke criteria. …”
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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic measures on hospitalizations and epidemiological patterns of twelve respiratory pathogens in children with acute respiratory infections in southern China by Wei Wang, Xiaojuan Luo, Zhenmin Ren, Xiaoying Fu, Yunsheng Chen, WenJian Wang, Yanmin Bao, Yuejie Zheng, Ke Cao, Jiehua Chen

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Phylogeographic analyses reveal recent dispersal and multiple Wolbachia infections of the bright-eyed ringlet Erebia oeme within the European mountain systems by Valentine Mewis, Martin Wendt, Thomas Schmitt

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Lost microbes of COVID-19: Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium depletion and decreased microbiome diversity associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection severity by Eamonn MM Quigley, Thomas J Borody, Sabine Hazan, Neil Stollman, Huseyin S Bozkurt, Sonya Dave, Andreas J Papoutsis, Jordan Daniels, Brad D Barrows

“…Interestingly, there was an inverse association between disease severity and abundance of the same bacteria.Conclusion We hypothesise that low bacterial diversity and depletion of Bifidobacterium genera either before or after infection led to reduced proimmune function, thereby allowing SARS-CoV-2 infection to become symptomatic. …”
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Interleukin-12p70 Expression by Dendritic Cells of HIV-1-Infected Patients Fails to Stimulate gag-Specific Immune Responses by Ellen Van Gulck, Nathalie Cools, Derek Atkinson, Lotte Bracke, Katleen Vereecken, Marc Vekemans, Viggo F. I. Van Tendeloo, Zwi N. Berneman, Guido Vanham

“…This result which goes against expectation may lead to a re-evaluation of the need for IL-12 expression by DCs in order to improve T-cell responses in HIV-1-infected individuals.…”
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A Rare Case of Cardiac Recovery after Acute Myocarditis from West Nile Virus Infection: A Review of the Current Literature by KaChon Lei, Wilbur Ji, Bhavana Bhaya, Chowdhury Ahsan

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