Infective agents and polymyalgia rheumatica: key discussion points emerging from a narrative review of published literature by Ciro Manzo, Marco Isetta, Alberto Castagna

“…Recently, reports on cases of PMR following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have revived the role of infection as an aetiological or triggering factor. …”
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Long-term sublingual bacterial immunotherapy prevents ear, nose and throat infections: A real-life study by Paula F Aarestrup, Matheus F Aarestrup, Beatriz JV Aarestrup, Edir P Cheloni, Fernando M Aarestrup

“…Objective: Bacterial extracts have been used for many years to prevent airway infections. Recent findings suggest that immunity can be trained by inducing an immunological memory in both the innate and acquired immune response. …”
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SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Hemodialysis Patients Six Months after Infection Compared to Healthcare Workers by Henri Boulanger, Salima Ahriz Saksi, Jedjiga Achiche, Florence Batusanski, Nicolas Stawiarski, Ali Diddaoui, Luc Fromentin, Mokhtar Chawki

“…The humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in hemodialysis patients needs to be clarified. …”
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An ATP-activated spatiotemporally controlled hydrogel prodrug system for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria-infected pressure ulcers by Xiaoliang Qi, Yajing Xiang, Ying Li, Jiajia Wang, Yuxi Chen, Yulong Lan, Jinsong Liu, Jianliang Shen

Subjects: “…Multidrug-resistant bacterial infection…”
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Nurses' knowledge and its determinants in surgical site infection prevention: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. by Tesfaye Engdaw Habtie, Sefineh Fenta Feleke, Aregash Birhan Terefe, Addis Wondmagegn Alamaw, Melsew Dagne Abate

“…In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the pooled proportion of nurses with good knowledge of surgical site infection prevention is 62% (95% CI: 50-74%) when assessed using a dichotomous scale. …”
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Hepatitis B e Antigen Seroconversion Is Related with the Function of Dendritic Cells in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection by Chunjing Lin, Hai Zou, Shumin Wang

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Spirituality of HIV-infected female patients treated in a secondary care hospital in Thailand: a preliminary investigation by Natawan Khumsaen, Panarat Chenchob, Supannee Peawnalaw

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SARS-CoV-2 not detected in pus from forearm abscess in a COVID-19-infected patient by Aprine Tan, Keng Lin Wong, Hamid Rahmatullah Bin Abd Razak, Biauw-Chi Ong, Merng Koon Wong

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Treatment of end-stages of liver disease in outcome of persistent hepatitis C virus infection at deficiency of donor organs by Ye. N. German, M. V. Mayevskaya, O. I. Andreytseva, V. T. Ivashkin, A. V. Chzhao, A. G. Serova, G. V. Mikhaylovskaya, I. Yu. Pirogova

Subjects: “…latent hbv-infection…”
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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Pregnant Women in West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia by Tadesse Hailu, Bayeh Abera, Wondemagegn Mulu, Simachew Kassa, Ashenafi Genanew, Arancha Amor

“…Intestinal parasitic infections are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan countries. …”
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Education and Training on Infection Prevention and Control Provided by Long-Term Care Homes to Visitors: A Scoping Review by Rachel MacLean, Pamela Durepos, Lisa Keeping-Burke, Richelle Witherspoon, Patricia Morris, Caroline Gibbons, Natasha Taylor, Rose McCloskey

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Possible Usefulness of Gadolinium-Enhanced Brain MRI for Evaluating Risk of Perioperative Hemorrhage: A Case of Infective Endocarditis by Chikahiko Koeda, Atsushi Tashiro, Tomohiro Takahashi, Masanobu Niiyama, Ryohei Sakamoto, Takumi Kimura, Yoshihiro Morino, Katsutoshi Terui, Ryoichi Tanaka, Kunihiro Yoshioka, Hajime Kin, Hitoshi Okabayashi, Motoyuki Nakamura

“…A 59-year-old woman visited a local hospital for fever and was diagnosed as having infective endocarditis (IE) on the basis of blood cultures and transthoracic echocardiography. …”
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Prevalence and Risk Factors of HIV Infection among Clients Attending ICTCs in Six Districts of Tamilnadu, South India by Rajeswari Ramachandran, V. Chandrasekaran, M. Muniyandi, K. Jaggarajamma, Anasua Bagchi, Supriya Sahu

“…This would help in evolving appropriate policies and strategies to reduce the spread of HIV infection.…”
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Genome sequencing and comparison of five Tilletia species to identify candidate genes for the detection of regulated species infecting wheat by Hai D. T. Nguyen, Tahera Sultana, Prasad Kesanakurti, Sarah Hambleton

“…Two of the four species infecting wheat have restricted distributions globally and are subject to quarantine regulations to prevent their spread to new areas. …”
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Evaluation of a Smoking Cessation Program for HIV Infected Individuals in an Urban HIV Clinic: Challenges and Lessons Learned by Debra Chew, Michael B. Steinberg, Polly Thomas, Shobha Swaminathan, Sally L. Hodder

“…Introduction. HIV infected persons have high prevalence of smoking and tobacco-associated health risks. …”
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Nucleos(t)ide Analog Treatment Discontinuation in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Systematic Literature Review by Robert Gish, Kosh Agarwal, Anadi Mahajan, Supriya Desai, Saifuddin Kharawala, Rob Elston, Joyeta Das, Stuart Kendrick, Vera Gielen

“…Background and Aims: The aim of this systematic literature review (SLR) was to examine outcomes and associated predictors following nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) treatment cessation in adult patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Methods: The SLR was conducted according to PRISMA methodology. …”
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T4 Phage Displaying Dual Antigen Clusters Against H3N2 Influenza Virus Infection by Shenglong Liu, Mengzhou Lin, Xin Zhou

“…Background: The current H3N2 influenza subunit vaccine exhibits weak immunogenicity, which limits its effectiveness in preventing and controlling influenza virus infections. Methods: In this study, we aimed to develop a T4 phage-based nanovaccine designed to enhance the immunogenicity of two antigens by displaying the HA1 and M2e antigens of the H3N2 influenza virus on each phage nanoparticle. …”
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Control of marine leeches infecting hybrid grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus >< E. lanceolatus with garlic Allium sativum powder by Aminatul Zahra, Dwi Septiani Putri

“…This study aimed to obtain the concentration and duration of immersion garlic powder for the control of leeches that infects hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus >< E. lanceolatus). …”
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Immune responses in children with secondary infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae after COVID-19: focus on eosinophils and IgE by Pingping Wang, Jin Yao, Yaqiong Li, Zhanjun Zhang, Ruiling Zhang, Shouting Lu, Meixia Sun, Xiaorong Huang

“…Some children may experience secondary infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae after SARS-CoV-2 infection, which has attracted widespread attention. …”
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Concerns and implications of Oropouche virus infection during pregnancy: A call for further research and public health action by Beema T Yoosuf, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah

“…New Microbes and New Infections…”
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