Current Views of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) in Liver Diseases by I. V. Maev, T. I. Karlovich, A. I. Burmistrov, I. A. Chekmazov, D. N. Andreev, V. I. Reshetnyak

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Allograft tolerance after adult living donor liver transplantation: a case-control study by Mohamed S. Habl, Moataz Maher Emara, Reham A. Zayed, Ahmed M. Sultan, Ahmed Elsabagh, Ahmed Marwan Elsaid, Ehab E. Abdel-khalek, Mohamed M. El-Saadany, Mohamed Abdel Wahab, Ahmed Shehta

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Prevalence of feline viral leukemia in Moscow and the Moscow Oblast with the analysis of hematological and biochemical blood parameters by A. P. Zenchenkova

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Progression from Sustained BK Viruria to Sustained BK Viremia with Immunosuppression Reduction Is Not Associated with Changes in the Noncoding Control Region of the BK Virus Genome by Imran A. Memon, Bijal A. Parikh, Monique Gaudreault-Keener, Rebecca Skelton, Gregory A. Storch, Daniel C. Brennan

“…Our data support, at a genomic level, the effectiveness of reduction of immunosuppression for prevention of progression from viremia to BKVAN.…”
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Platycodon grandiflorum-derived extracellular vesicles suppress triple-negative breast cancer growth by reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and modulating the gut microbiota by Min Yang, Jia Guo, Jinxian Li, Shuyue Wang, Yuan Sun, Ying Liu, Yinghua Peng

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Anemia among HIV-Infected Patients Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa: Improvement in Hemoglobin regardless of Degree of Immunosuppression and the Initiating ART Regimen by Simbarashe Takuva, Mhairi Maskew, Alana T. Brennan, Ian Sanne, A. Patrick MacPhail, Mathew P. Fox

“…After initiation of ART, hemoglobin improved, regardless of regimen type and the degree of immunosuppression. Between 0 and 6 months on ART, the magnitude of hemoglobin increase was linearly related to CD4 count. …”
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The role of TRECs/KRECs as immune indicators that reflect immunophenotypes and predict the risk of infection in systemic autoimmune diseases by Takuji Itakura, Hirokazu Sasaki, Tadashi Hosoya, Natsuka Umezawa, Tetsuya Saito, Hideyuki Iwai, Hisanori Hasegawa, Hiroyuki Sato, Akihiro Hirakawa, Kohsuke Imai, Tomohiro Morio, Naoki Kimura, Shinsuke Yasuda

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Early-Stage Luminal B-like Breast Cancer Exhibits a More Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment than Luminal A-like Breast Cancer by Tânia Moura, Olga Caramelo, Isabel Silva, Sandra Silva, Manuela Gonçalo, Maria Antónia Portilha, João N. Moreira, Ana M. Gil, Paula Laranjeira, Artur Paiva

“…Results: The luminal B-like tumor samples exhibited increased infiltration of CD4⁺ cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and Th17 cells and decreased levels of NK cells, γδ T cells, Th1 cells, and follicular T cells, which is indicative of a more immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Conclusions: These findings suggest that luminal B-like tumors have a microenvironment that is less supportive of effective anti-tumor immune responses compared to luminal A tumors. …”
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Atypical conjunctival sporotrichosis secondary to Mooren’s ulcer: a case report by Qing Su, He Dong, Lin Cui, Lijun Zhang

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Predictors of cytomegalovirus infection in patients with connective tissue disease treated by pulsed methylprednisolone therapy: a multicenter retrospective cohort study by Haruka Ito, Takahiko Yoshimoto, Akatsuki Kokaze, Kuninobu Wakabayashi, Kazuteru Noguchi, Kiyoshi Matsui, Bunki Natsumoto, Keishi Fujio, Yutaro Hayashi, Yuko Kaneko, Takahisa Gono, Koh Okamoto, Shu Okugawa, Kyoji Moriya, Hirohiko Sueki

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Genetic characteristics involving the PD-1/PD-L1/L2 and CD73/A2aR axes and the immunosuppressive microenvironment in DLBCL by Tingting Zhang, Zhenzhen Zhang, Xiubao Ren, Jin He, Zhengzi Qian, Bin Meng, Lei Jiao, Hengqi Liu, Lanfang Li, Lihua Qiu, Shiyong Zhou, Wenchen Gong, Huilai Zhang, Xianhuo Wang

“…Background Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1/L2 (programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1/ligand 2) pathway combined with other immunosuppressive signalings, such as CD73/A2aR (A2a adenosine receptor) adenosine signaling, has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. …”
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Depletion of Regulatory T Cells in a Mouse Experimental Glioma Model through Anti-CD25 Treatment Results in the Infiltration of Non-Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells in the Brain by Wim Maes, Tina Verschuere, Anaïs Van Hoylandt, Louis Boon, Stefaan Van Gool

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Comprehensive Analysis Identifies <i>THEMIS2</i> as a Potential Prognostic and Immunological Biomarker in Glioblastoma by Jianan Chen, Qiong Wu, Anders E. Berglund, Robert J. Macaulay, Arnold B. Etame

Subjects: “…macrophage-mediated immunosuppression…”
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A large pruritic plaque in a patient with 2 kidney transplants by Chiel F. Ebbelaar, MD, PharmD, Sadhanna Badeloe, MD, PhD, Anne M.R. Schrader, MD, PhD, Elsemieke I. Plasmeijer, MD, PhD

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The probable progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to chronic active EBV/reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates Cryptococcus neoformans infection, which invariab... by Gargee Mishra, Gaurav Sarnaik, Joydeep Samanta, Archana Keche, Sanjay Singh Negi

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The combination of rAAV pseudo-lipid nanoparticle and triamcinolone acetonide enables multi-administration to liver by Chunmei Gan, Mi Leng, Yu Liu, Zhaoyue Zheng, Siwu He, Wen Qiao, Lin Xiao, Yao Xiao, Jingya Ye, Lixing Zhou, Jiao Zhou, Boduan Xiao, Wenxin Zhao, Jiamei Yang, Aohan Wu, Huiyuan Zhang, Hongbo Hu, Xiaobo Cen, Zhiyong Qian, Haohao Dong, C. Alexander Valencia, Lunzhi Dai, Hoi Yee Chow, Lei Zhang, Biao Dong

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Club Cell Protein 16 Attenuates CD16brightCD62dim Immunosuppressive Neutrophils in Damaged Tissue upon Posttraumatic Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury by Nils Becker, Philipp Störmann, Andrea Janicova, Kernt Köhler, Klemens Horst, Ildiko Rita Dunay, Claudia Neunaber, Ingo Marzi, Jan Tilmann Vollrath, Borna Relja

“…Recently, identification of immunosuppressive polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) that were traditionally described as proinflammatory cells emerged in the field of posttraumatic immunity. …”
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Chimeric cytokine receptor TGF-β RⅡ/IL-21R improves CAR-NK cell function by reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer by Yaojun Ren, Min Xue, Xinhui Hui, Xiuyu Liu, Muhammad Asad Farooq, Yiran Chen, Yuzhou Ji, Yixin Duan, Iqra Ajmal, Jie Yao, Wenzheng Jiang

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The Polymorphism −308G/A of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Gene Modulates the Effect of Immunosuppressive Treatment in First Kidney Transplant Subjects Who Suffer an Acute Rejection by Ana Isabel Sánchez-Fructuoso, Isabel Pérez-Flores, Rosalia Valero, Maria Angeles Moreno, Miguel Fernandez-Arquero, Elena Urcelay, Cristina Fernández-Pérez, Jose Luis Santiago

“…This pharmacogenetic effect lets us propose this SNP as a useful predictor biomarker to tailor immunosuppressive regimens.…”
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T lymphocytes induce human cancer cells derived from solid malignant tumors to secrete galectin-9 which facilitates immunosuppression in cooperation with other immune checkpoint proteins by Stephanie Schlichtner, Inna M Yasinska, Gurprit S Lall, Steffen M Berger, Sabrina Ruggiero, Dietmar Cholewa, Nijas Aliu, Bernhard F Gibbs, Elizaveta Fasler-Kan, Vadim V Sumbayev

“…Our aims were to elucidate whether T cells can induce galectin-9 secretion in human cancer cells derived from solid malignant tumors and whether this soluble form displays higher systemic immunosuppressive activity compared with the cell surface-based protein.Methods A wide range of human cancer cell lines derived from solid tumours, keratinocytes and primary embryonic cells were employed, together with helper and cytotoxic T cell lines and human as well as mouse primary T cells. …”
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