Progressive Back Pain due to Aspergillus nidulans Vertebral Osteomyelitis in an Immunocompetent Patient: Surgical and Antifungal Management by Mark K. Lyons, Matthew T. Neal, Naresh P. Patel, Holenarasipur R. Vikram

“…Aspergillus osteomyelitis is a destructive and progressive infection that has been described both in immunosuppressed and in immunocompetent hosts. We describe a case of lumbar vertebral osteomyelitis in a 61-year-old immunocompetent patient due to Aspergillus nidulans that was successfully treated with a combination of extensive surgical debridement, spinal stabilization, and a prolonged course of antifungal therapy. …”
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Mediators of Inflammation in Topical Therapy of Skin Cancers by Vlad Mihai Voiculescu, Cristina Victoria Lisievici, Mihai Lupu, Cristina Vajaitu, Carmen Cristina Draghici, Alexandra Victoria Popa, Iulia Solomon, Teona Ioana Sebe, Maria Magdalena Constantin, Constantin Caruntu

“…Taking into consideration that the immune system plays a very important role in the development of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, which have a high prevalence in immunosuppressed patients and after prolonged ultraviolet radiation, the interest in developing novel therapies, in particular targeting the inflammation in cancer, has increased in the past years. …”
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Effect of DiD Carbocyanine Dye Labeling on Immunoregulatory Function and Differentiation of Mice Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Maryam Sadat Mohtasebi, Fatemeh Nasri, Eskandar Kamali Sarvestani

“…DiD labeling did not provoke the production of ROS, induction of apoptosis, or inhibition of production of immunosuppressive factors (PGE2 and IL-10) by MSCs. In addition, there were no statistical differences between DiD-labeled and unlabeled MSCs in suppression of proliferation and cytokine production (IFN-γ and IL-17) by in vitro stimulated splenocytes or improvement of clinical score in EAE after in vivo administration. …”
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Anticancer Drugs Induced Severe Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reactions: An Updated Review on the Risks Associated with Anticancer Targeted Therapy or Immunotherapies by Chau Yee Ng, Chun-Bing Chen, Ming-Ying Wu, Jennifer Wu, Chih-Hsun Yang, Rosaline Chung-Yee Hui, Ya-Ching Chang, Chun-Wei Lu

“…Differentiating SCARs from other more commonly seen reactions with a better outcome help prevent discontinuation of therapy and inappropriate use of systemic immunosuppressants for presumable allergic reactions, of which will affect the clinical outcome. …”
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Liver Transplantation and Hepatitis C by Nobuhisa Akamatsu, Yasuhiko Sugawara

“…The use of poor quality organs, particularly from older donors, has a highly negative impact on the severity of recurrence and patient/graft survival. Although immunosuppressive regimens have a considerable impact on the outcome, the optimal regimen after liver transplantation for HCV-infected patients remains unclear. …”
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Predicting immunotherapy efficacy in endometrial cancer: focus on the tumor microenvironment by Liubov A. Tashireva, Irina V. Larionova, Irina V. Larionova, Nikita A. Ermak, Anastasia A. Maltseva, Ekaterina I. Livanos, Anna Yu. Kalinchuk, Marina N. Stakheyeva, Larisa A. Kolomiets

“…The tumor microenvironment can orchestrate an immunosuppressive milieu, attenuating the immune response and facilitating tumor progression. …”
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PARP4 deficiency enhances sensitivity to ATM inhibitor by impairing DNA damage repair in melanoma by Yuehua Li, Yu Liu, Jingjing Ma, Yuqi Yang, Qiao Yue, Guannan Zhu, Weinan Guo, Tianwen Gao, Qiong Shi, Chunying Li

“…Abstract Besides the important pathogenic mechanisms of melanoma, including BRAF-driven and immunosuppressive microenvironment, genomic instability and abnormal DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) repair are significant driving forces for its occurrence and development. …”
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Case Report: Dangerous liaisons between splenectomy and eltrombopag-induced chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in patients with immune thrombocytopenia: report of two ca... by Roberto Castelli, Enrico Atzori, Alessandro Palmerio Delitala, Salvatore Antonio Masala, Valentina Micheluzzi, Enrico Ponti, Enrico Ponti, Giuseppe Sanna, Dante Castro, Antonio Gidaro, Mattia Donadoni, Roberto Manetti, Pierluigi Merella, Nicia Isabella Profili, Andrea Maria D'Armini, Gavino Casu, Gavino Casu

“…Splenectomy and thrombopoietin receptor agonists are recommended for patients who do not respond to steroids or immunosuppressive treatments. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease that results from a persistent, organized thromboembolic obstruction of the pulmonary arteries due to an incompletely resolved pulmonary embolism.Case presentationsWe report two cases of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension induced by a thrombotic mechanism after treatment with splenectomy and Eltrombopag, a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, for refractory primary immune thrombocytopenia. …”
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Epigenetic Regulation of Stromal and Immune Cells and Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor Microenvironment by Kang Liu, Yue Li, Minmin Shen, Wei Xu, Shanshan Wu, Xinxin Yang, Bo Zhang, Nengming Lin

“…This remolds the area surrounding tumor cells, ultimately fostering an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Therefore, correcting the TME by targeting the epigenetic modifications holds substantial promise for cancer treatment. …”
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(Mesenchymal) Stem Cell-Based Therapy in Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Animal Model: Risk of Immunogenicity and Tumorigenicity by Ž. Večerić-Haler, A. Cerar, M. Perše

“…Although MSCs have potent immunosuppressive properties, animal studies also suggest that transplanted MSCs may elicit immune response. …”
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New Possibilities for the Treatment of Crohn’s Disease by Z. A. Mamieva, E. A. Poluektova, O. S. Shifrin

“…A number of placebo-controlled studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Ustekinumab in the induction and the maintenance of remission in those patients with Crohn’s disease who showed no response to conventional therapy (glucocorticosteroids and immunosuppressants) and therapy with TNF-α antagonists. …”
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Exploring the interactions of rapamycin with target receptors in A549 cancer cells: insights from molecular docking analysis by Sanjeev K. Ganesh, C. Subathra Devi

“…Abstract Rapamycin, a macrocyclic antibiotic derived from the actinomycetes Streptomyces hygroscopicus, is a widely used immunosuppressant and anticancer drug. Even though rapamycin is regarded as a multipotent drug acting against a broad array of anomalies and diseases, the mechanism of action of rapamycin and associated pathways have not been studied and reported clearly. …”
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Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides: an important differential diagnosis of hypochromias in childhood by Maria Fernanda de Almeida Cavalcante Aranha, Maria Amélia Lopes dos Santos, Carla Andréa Avelar Pires, Leônidas Braga Dias Júnior, Rafaela Garcia Pereira, Marina Lopes de Freitas Freire, Tamara Tavares da Cruz, Luiza Rennó Rocha de Oliveira

“…Treatment includes phototherapy and immunosuppressive therapy, depending on the patient’s age and extent of lesions. …”
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IDO1 inhibits ferroptosis by regulating FTO-mediated m6A methylation and SLC7A11 mRNA stability during glioblastoma progression by Qianting Tian, Guixue Dan, Xuyan Wang, Jiamei Zhu, Chaochun Chen, Dekun Tang, Ziming Wang, Dan Chen, Shan Lei, Chao Yang, Houmei Wang, Bing Guo, Bangming Jin, Tengxiang Chen, Lei Tang

“…Abstract Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) has been recognized as an enzyme involved in tryptophan catabolism with immunosuppressive ability. This study determined to investigate the impact of IDO1 on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. …”
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Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Cold Allodynia in a Rat Spinal Nerve Ligation Model of Neuropathic Pain by Hyeon Seok Jwa, Yong Ho Kim, Jaehee Lee, Seung-Keun Back, Chul-Kyu Park

“…Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent mesenchymal stem cells with potent immunosuppressive properties, and their use as novel cell-based therapeutics have been proposed in many immune diseases. …”
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A Patient with Fatal Necrotizing Fasciitis following the Use of Intra-Articular Sodium Hyaluronate Injections: A Case Report by Shanti Virupannavar, Carla Guggenheim

“…We recommend that clear guidelines for clean technique be put in place for use with sodium hyaluronate injections and consideration of full sterile technique in immunosuppressed patients.…”
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Targeting the kynurenine pathway: another therapeutic opportunity in the metabolic crosstalk between cancer and immune cells by Irene Kang, Irene Kang, George Theodoropoulos, Medhi Wangpaichitr, Medhi Wangpaichitr, Medhi Wangpaichitr, Medhi Wangpaichitr

“…This pathway, driven by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), facilitates immune evasion and promotes tumor progression by fostering an immunosuppressive environment. In Phase III investigation of the combination of IDO1 inhibition with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the combination therapy was not efficacious. …”
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γδ T Cell‐mediated Tumor Immunity is Tightly Regulated by STING and TGF‐β Signaling Pathways by Jing Luo, Shengli Wang, Quanli Yang, Qianqian Fu, Chuyun Zhu, Tao Li, Shuxian Yang, Yin Zhao, Rong Guo, Xiaosong Ben, Yuzhen Zheng, Sitao Li, Guang Yang, Hongru Zhang, Hui Xiao, Zhengfan Jiang, Nan Yan, Dieter Kabelitz, Guodong Sun, Zvi Granot, Ligong Lu, Fuping You, Jianlei Hao, Zhinan Yin

“…Notably, the synergism between TGF‐β inhibition and STING agonists effectively counteracts the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, thereby augmenting the antitumoral effects of γδ T cells. …”
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The Potential of MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers for Transplant Rejection by Matthias Hamdorf, Satoru Kawakita, Matthew Everly

“…Novel and easily accessible biomarkers of acute rejection could make it possible to detect rejection earlier and make more fine-tuned calibration of immunosuppressive or new target treatment possible. In this review, we discuss whether circulating miRNA can serve as an early noninvasive diagnostic biomarker and an expression fingerprint of allograft rejection and transplant failure. …”
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Intravenous γ Globulin for Intractable Abdominal Pain due to IgA Vasculitis by George Naifa, George Totikidis, Sonia Alexiadou, Christina Kolona, Elpis Mantadakis

“…Given the toxicity and/or need for long-term administration of other second-line immunosuppressive therapies in corticosteroid-resistant IgA vasculitis, such as rituximab, cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, or colchicine, we propose that IVIg may be a useful and safe treatment option, although randomized controlled clinical trials are needed in order to clarify its role in the treatment of abdominal pain in IgA vasculitis.…”
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