Immunotherapies to Nano-Immunotherapies: Advances in Immune Targeting in Bladder Cancer by Beatriz Ramos, Dakota Rogers

“…Upregulation of checkpoint molecules like PD-L1 and recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, contribute to immune evasion and treatment resistance. …”
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Musculoskeletal Corticosteroid Injection during COVID-19 Pandemic in Sabah: Is It Safe? by Mohamad Azwan Aziz, Redzal Abu Hanifah, Azmi Mohamed Mohd Nahar

“…In this current COVID-19 pandemic, many clinicians would differ from this treatment as steroid is considered an immunosuppressive drug and could risk the patient of developing severe adverse effects if contracting COVID-19. …”
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An autopsy case with tubular obstruction by impacted swollen blebs due to ischemic acute kidney injury by Yukako Akiyama, Mitsuhiro Sato, Yoshio Taguma

“…Because of the existence of hematuria with red blood cell casts and rapid deterioration of renal function and severe systemic symptoms such as loss of appetite and general fatigue, we started immunosuppressive therapy with steroids, considering a vasculitis-like condition with NS, and hemodialysis was also started for oliguria. …”
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Patient education interventions for adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients- a scoping review. by Michael Corr, Clare McKeaveney, Fina Wurm, Aisling Courtney, Helen Noble

“…The reasons for this are complex; but are predominantly thought to be due to poor adherence to immunosuppressive medications. Patient education can help support young recipients to reduce their risk of behaviour-related transplant loss. …”
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Novel methotrexate long-acting system using ambroxol coating and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose encapsulation for preferential and enhanced lung cancer efficiency. by Samaa Abdullah, Najla Altwaijry, Meaad Alnakhli, Ghezlan ALenezi, Alaa A Al-Masud, Hanan Henidi, Yahya F Jamous

“…It's commonly used to treat lung cancer. MTX is an immunosuppressant following the above-mentioned mechanism of action due to its poor selectivity. …”
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Blood Borne Viral Infections in Transplantation: Hepatitis Viruses and Retroviruses by RP Bryce Larke

“…Despite recent improvements in anti-HCV testing, current screening assays underestimate the incidence of transmission and prevalence of HCV infection among immunosuppressed organ recipients: evidence of ongoing HCV infection depends on detection of HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. …”
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ErbB- and MUC1-targeted CAR-T cell immunotherapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma by Saffron E. Summers, Saffron E. Summers, Vehid Salih, Andrew D. Foey

“…Immunotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and, in particular, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), presents a unique set of challenges including lack of consistently expressed tumour associated antigens (TAAs) and the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME). Currently, there are few clinical trials investigating the use of CAR-T cells in HNSCC/OSCC; however, results from trials investigating similar solid tumours, such as breast cancer, can be adopted to help evaluate the use of CAR-T in this cancer. …”
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Therapeutic Effect of Stem Cells on Male Infertility in a Rat Model: Histological, Molecular, Biochemical, and Functional Study by Sally S. Mohammed, Mona F. Mansour, Noha A. Salem

“…Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid antagonist, widely used as a chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive drug, but it is toxic to reproductive systems. …”
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Management of Anal Fistula with Crohn's Disease by Shota Takano, Yasushi Nakamura, Kohei Tamaoka, Takafumi Yoshimoto, Yasue Irei, Yoriyuki Tsuji

“…In the past, radical surgery was performed for PFCD, but due to the risk of anal sphincter impairment, conservative therapy using antibiotics and immunosuppressive medications is currently the first treatment option. …”
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Combined Treatment with Zinc Aspartate and Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIGs) Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) by Diana Straubel, Anja Thielitz, Annegret Reinhold, Kurt Grüngreiff, Dirk Reinhold

“…Further studies should verify the benefit of a controlled immunosuppressive therapy with IVIG and zinc for such diseases.…”
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Identification of Hypoxia Signature to Assess the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Predict Prognosis in Patients with Ovarian Cancer by Chunyan Wei, Xiaoqing Liu, Qin Wang, Qipei Li, Min Xie

“…Hypoxia signature significantly related to clinical features and may serve as an independent prognostic factor for OC patients. 2 types of immune cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cell and regulatory T cell, showed a significant infiltration in the tissues of the high hypoxia risk group patients. Most of the immunosuppressive genes (such as ARG1, CD160, CD244, CXCL12, DNMT1, and HAVCR1) and immune checkpoints (such as CD80, CTLA4, and CD274) were upregulated in the high hypoxia risk group. …”
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Disseminated Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis: A Case Report with Review of Diagnostic Clues by Neda Soleimani, Mohammad Hossein Anbardar, Hamed Nikoupour, Faranak Derakhshan, Mojtaba Shafiekhani, Sahand Mohammadzadeh, Seyed Mohamad Sakhaei, Mahsa Farhadi

“…A colonoscopy showed an ulcerative lesion in the descending colon, and the biopsy was in favor of ulcerative colitis. Despite immunosuppressive treatment, there was no improvement, and with worsening symptoms, more investigations revealed advanced colon mass with entrapment of the stomach and pancreas. …”
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Efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments in inclusion body myositis: a systematic review by Pedro M Machado, Eduardo José Ferreira Santos, Nicholas Yapp, Pedro Sousa, Bayram Farisogullari, Hermaleigh Townsley

“…Treatments included various immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory agents, alongside interventions modulating muscle growth and protein homoeostasis. …”
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Triptolide Inhibits Th17 Response by Upregulating microRNA-204-5p and Suppressing STAT3 Phosphorylation in Psoriasis by Qi He, Xingyue Wu, Quan Shi

“…Triptolide with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties has been utilized for psoriasis treatment. …”
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Management of COVID-19 in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Case Series by Maruhum Bonar H. Marbun, Riahdo J. Saragih, Tantika Andina

“…Antiviral therapy, anticoagulant, intravenous immunoglobulin, and tocilizumab were prescribed to 89.5%, 89.5%, 15.8%, and 10.5%, respectively. Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) was halted in 68% of KTRs, among which 61.5% passed away. …”
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Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote M2 Macrophage Phenotype through Exosomes by June Seok Heo, Youjeong Choi, Hyun Ok Kim

“…Notably, iMΦ expressed high levels of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-10 and TSG-6. …”
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Enhancing Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Immunomodulation for Treating Conditions Influenced by the Immune System by Bella S. Guerrouahen, Heba Sidahmed, Asma Al Sulaiti, Moza Al Khulaifi, Chiara Cugno

“…Moreover, MSCs have trophic capabilities, a high in vitro self-renewal ability, and immunomodulatory characteristics. Thus, immunosuppressive treatment with MSCs has been proposed as a potential therapeutic alternative for conditions in which the immune system cells influence outcomes, such as inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. …”
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Influence of Medication on Flare Up and Infection After Elective Orthopedic Surgery in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient – A Narrative Review by Yaldi Rosadi, Yustin Marinta, Muthiah Nur Afifah

“…The incidence of postoperative infections may be high due to the immunosuppressive effect of RA medication. Conversely, discontinuance of antirheumatic agents increases the possibility of a disease flare. …”
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Fibrothorax and Severe Lung Restriction Secondary to Lupus Pleuritis and Its Successful Treatment by Pleurectomy by Sat Sharma, Robert Smith, Fahad Al-Hameed

“…Pleural disease is a common pulmonary manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that usually responds to corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents. In the present report, a new approach, pleural decortication, was used in a patient with medically refractory chronic pleuritis secondary to severe SLE. …”
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Features of extra-spinal musculoskeletal tuberculosis: A retrospective study from an North Indian Tertiary Care Institute by Shiva Prasad, Anupam Wakhlu, Ramnath Misra, Amita Aggarwal, Able Lawrence, Rakesh K Gupta, Narendra Krishnani, Vinita Agrawal, Vikas Agarwal

“…Patient's positive for HIV and rheumatic diseases with or without immunosuppressive drugs or biological agents were excluded from the study. …”
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