The Controversial Role of Microglia in Malignant Gliomas by Jun Wei, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Amy Heimberger

“…Mounting evidence indicates that the glioma microenvironment converts the glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs) into glioma-supportive, immunosuppressive cells; however, GAMs can retain intrinsic anti-tumor properties. …”
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Tumor microenvironment–responsive and modulatory manganese-based nanoenzyme for enhanced tumor immunotherapy by Qi Yang, Qiong Wu, Haiyan Liu, Jiandong Wu, Feng Ma, Xiaofeng Tian

“…Therefore, this TME-responsive Mn-based nanoenzyme offers a safe and efficient platform for reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment and achieving synergistic anti-tumor immunotherapy.…”
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IL-10 and ARG-1 Concentrations in Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood of Metastatic Neuroblastoma Patients Do Not Associate with Clinical Outcome by Fabio Morandi, Michela Croce, Giuliana Cangemi, Sebastiano Barco, Valentina Rigo, Barbara Carlini, Loredana Amoroso, Vito Pistoia, Silvano Ferrini, Maria Valeria Corrias

“…The percentages of immunosuppressive Treg and type-1 regulatory (Tr1) cells were also determined. …”
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Management and Clinical Outcome of Penetrating Keratoplasty for Long-Term Corneal Changes in Sympathetic Ophthalmia by Saraswathi Ramamurthi, Ebube E. Obi, Gordon N. Dutton, Kanna Ramaesh

“…Our patients were immunosuppressed prior to the procedure to help prevent graft rejection. …”
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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells exhibit distinct characteristics in bone marrow and blood of individuals with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by Paris Efstratiou, Athina Damianaki, Aglaia Kavidopoulou, Polymnia Ioannidou, Effrosyni Markaki, Ioannis Moysis Skianis, Electra Tsagliotis, Vasilia Kaliafentaki, Angelos Mattheakakis, Maria Ximeri, Eleftherios Manouras, Matthieu Lavigne, Panayotis Verginis, Panayotis Verginis, Panayotis Verginis, Christina Kalpadakis

“…In Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), circulating MDSCs constitute the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, while the contribution of BM MDSCs in disease pathogenesis remains elusive. …”
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Long-Term Follow-Up after Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Patients with Severe Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Unresponsive to Conventional Therapy by Stefania Leuci, Massimo Amato, Elena Calabria, Raffaele Piscopo, Fausto Tranfa, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Michele Davide Mignogna

“…In its most severe forms, this disease needs systemic therapy, usually based on steroids and immunosuppressant agents. In unresponsive cases or in the presence of contraindications or severe side effects due to conventional systemic corticosteroid and/or immunosuppressant therapy, a therapy shift to high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) has been recommended in other reports. …”
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Efficacy and Safety of Sitagliptin for the Treatment of New-Onset Diabetes after Renal Transplantation by Brian P. Boerner, Clifford D. Miles, Vijay Shivaswamy

“…Renal function and immunosuppressant levels remained stable. Analysis of long-term followup (32.5 ± 17.8 months) revealed that 17/22 patients remained on sitagliptin (mean hemoglobin A1c < 7%) with 9/17 patients remaining on sitagliptin alone. …”
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Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Involved in Skewed Type 2 Immunity of Gastric Diseases Induced by Helicobacter pylori Infection by Rong Li, Xiao-xia Jiang, Lin-fang Zhang, Xiao-ming Liu, Ting-zi Hu, Xiu-juan Xia, Ming Li, Can-xia Xu

“…In conclusion, our results indicated that ILC2-mediated innate immune response might play a potential role in dominant type 2 phenotype and immunosuppressive microenvironment in H. pylori infection.…”
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Evaluating the Real-World Effectiveness of Systemic Treatments in Atopic Dermatitis Using the Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool (ADCT): A Multi-Centre, Prospective Study by Hyun Ji Lee, Yuri Woo, Young Bok Lee, Ji Hye Lee, Jung Eun Kim, Ji Hyun Lee, Sang Hyun Cho

“…In addition, the study assessed the effectiveness of immunosuppressants and dupilumab over the course of one year. …”
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A Case of Phlegmonous Gastritis in a Patient with Psoriatic Arthritis on Infliximab by Laurence De Davide, Annie Beaudoin

“…We thereby describe the case of a 42-year-old male patient known for psoriatic arthritis on Infliximab who was diagnosed with phlegmonous gastritis secondary to immunosuppressive therapy. The patient had a favourable outcome with a conservative treatment consisting of a 14-day course of broad antibiotherapy.…”
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A Rare and Potentially Catastrophic Infection: Primary Intestinal Aspergillosis—Case Report in an HIV Patient by Cátia Dias, Filipa Duarte-Ribeiro, Sara Pipa, Margarida Mota

“…Aspergillus species are ubiquitous in nature; however, infection is uncommon, except in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed hosts. We present the case of a 71-year-old woman with a history of human immunodeficiency virus infection who presented with fever, weight loss, and diarrhea, posteriorly diagnosed with intestinal aspergillosis after examination of a segmental enterectomy piece. …”
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A Case of Amyopathic Dermatomyositis with Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema by Aslıhan Gürün Kaya, Aydın Çiledağ, Orhan Küçükşahin, Özlem Özdemir Kumbasar, Çetin Atasoy

“…The patient was diagnosed as amyopathic dermatomyositis due to skin lesions and radiological findings. Despite immunosuppressive treatment clinical deterioration and radiological progression were observed and the patient died because of severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. …”
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Pneumonia due to a Rare Pathogen: Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Subspecies denitrificans by Hesham Awadh, Munthir Mansour, Obadah Aqtash, Yousef Shweihat

“…Achromobacter xylosoxidans, subspecies denitrificans, is a gram-negative rod recently implicated as an emerging cause of infection in both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent populations. Few cases are reported in literature involving multiple body systems. …”
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Current Approach of Corticosteroids Use in Ocular Therapy. by Dayamí Pérez Gómez, Ivonne González Parra, Francisco García González

“…This wide use is caused by two of its major functions: anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions. This study presents a review on this type of drugs, primarily in the area of ophthalmology. …”
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Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) for the Timely Diagnosis of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Leukemia Patients by Huan Tao, Fang Hua, Yingying Chen, Yongqian Jia

“…This report shows the contribution of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) as an alternative to challenging diagnostic infection in immunosuppressed individuals. Herein, we report two leukemia patients who developed severe infections due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CrKP). …”
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Tissue-Related Hypoxia Attenuates Proinflammatory Effects of Allogeneic PBMCs on Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells In Vitro by Polina I. Bobyleva, Elena R. Andreeva, Aleksandra N. Gornostaeva, Ludmila B. Buravkova

“…ASC/PBMCs interaction resulted in anti-inflammatory shift of paracrine mediators in conditioning medium with significant increase of immunosuppressive LIF level. Our data indicated that under both ambient and tissue-related O2 ASCs possessed immunosuppressive potential and maintained functional activity. …”
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Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Single Center Retrospective Study in Malaysia by Piem Jie Leong, Anna Farazilah Mohd Salleh

“…However, a combination of multiple immunosuppressive agents appeared to be associated with better outcomes in some patients.…”
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Sirolimus Enhances Cyclosporine A-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Renal Glomerular Mesangial Cells by Séin O'Connell, Craig Slattery, Michael P. Ryan, Tara McMorrow

“…This work addressed nephrotoxicity induced by the immunosuppressive agents’ cyclosporine A (CsA) and sirolimus (SRL). …”
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Orbital and adnexal sarcoidosis: Clinical presentations and management outcomes by Shebin Salim, Md Shahid Alam, Sonam Ahuja, Kirthi Koka, Marian Pauly, Subramanian Krishnakumar, Bipasha Mukherjee

“…Additional treatments included oral steroids (n = 10) and systemic immunosuppressants (n = 5). Six patients were lost to follow-up. …”
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BK Virus Load Associated with Serum Levels of sCD30 in Renal Transplant Recipients by Haidar A. Shamran, Salma N. Malik, Jinan M. Al-Saffer, Rana S. Jawad

“…These results suggest that serum levels of sCD30 could be used as an indicator of BK viremia, and accordingly the immunosuppressive regime should be adjusted.…”
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