Diagnostic performance of the DISQVER metagenomic sequencing tool for the identification of pathogens in febrile neutropenic patients: the ADNEMIA trial by Geneviève Héry-Arnaud, Christophe Burucoa, Marie Kempf, David Boutoille, Yohann Foucher, Philippe Lanotte, Maxime Pichon, Stéphane Corvec, Cécile Le Brun, Helene Pailhories

“…Introduction While intensive protocols in onco-haematology have improved survival rates for patients with haematological malignancies, they have also resulted in an increased incidence of infection associated with therapy-induced immunosuppression (including chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia; FN). …”
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Staphylococcus aureus-specific TIGIT+ Treg are present in the blood of healthy subjects – a hurdle for vaccination? by Jonah Clegg, Jonah Clegg, Malgorzata E. Mnich, Malgorzata E. Mnich, Alberto Carignano, Giovanni Cova, Simona Tavarini, Chiara Sammicheli, Bruna Clemente, Megan Smith, Megan Smith, Emilio Siena, Monia Bardelli, Michela Brazzoli, Fabio Bagnoli, Rachel M. McLoughlin, Elisabetta Soldaini

“…Therefore, these results uncover the presence of S. aureus-specific TIGIT+ Treg in the blood of healthy subjects that could blunt responses to vaccination and indicate TIGIT as a potential targetable biomarker to overcome pre-exposure-induced immunosuppression.…”
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Lymphatic-derived oxysterols promote anti-tumor immunity and response to immunotherapy in melanoma by Mengzhu Sun, Laure Garnier, Romane Chevalier, Martin Roumain, Chen Wang, Julien Angelillo, Julien Montorfani, Robert Pick, Dale Brighouse, Nadine Fournier, David Tarussio, Stéphanie Tissot, Jean-Marc Lobaccaro, Tatiana V. Petrova, Camilla Jandus, Daniel E. Speiser, Manfred Kopf, Caroline Pot, Christoph Scheiermann, Krisztian Homicsko, Giulio G. Muccioli, Abhishek D. Garg, Stéphanie Hugues

“…Abstract In melanoma, lymphangiogenesis correlates with metastasis and poor prognosis and promotes immunosuppression. However, it also potentiates immunotherapy by supporting immune cell trafficking. …”
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Successful Treatment of Fungal Dermatitis in a Bottlenose Dolphin (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) by Takashi Kamio, Honoka Nojo, Rui Kano, Mami Murakami, Yukako Odani, Koji Kanda, Tomoko Mori, Yuichiro Akune, Masanori Kurita, Ayaka Okada, Yasuo Inoshima

“…This study reports on the detection of filamentous fungi in the subcutaneous tissue and wound surface on the tail fin of a managed bottlenose dolphin (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) emaciated due to severe digestive problems. Immunosuppression by chronic diseases and starvation decreased resistance against opportunistic infections. …”
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Pharmacological Modulation of the Unfolded Protein Response as a Therapeutic Approach in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma by Nadia St. Thomas, Benjamin N. Christopher, Leticia Reyes, Reeder M. Robinson, Lena Golick, Xiaoyi Zhu, Eli Chapman, Nathan G. Dolloff

“…Conditioned media (CM) from CTCL were immunosuppressive to normal T cells through an IL-10-dependent mechanism. …”
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Changes in PD-1 expression on T lymphocyte subsets and related immune indicators before and after definitive chemoradiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by Xueling Shi, Hongyu Zhao, Jiaqi Yu, Peng Cai, Shixiang Zhou, Ning Yang, Duojie Li

“…PD-1 expression in T lymphocyte subsets can predict short-term outcomes in patients and provide a theoretical basis for the sequential application of PD-1 immunosuppressants after radiotherapy and chemotherapy.…”
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IL-6 and PD-1 antibody blockade combination therapy regulate inflammation and T lymphocyte apoptosis in murine model of sepsis by Song I Lee, Na Young Kim, Chaeuk Chung, Dongil Park, Da Hyun Kang, Duk Ki Kim, Min-Kyung Yeo, Pureum Sun, Jeong Eun Lee

“…Programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) is associated with sepsis-induced immunosuppression and lymphocyte apoptosis. However, the effects of simultaneous blockade of IL-6 and PD-1 in a murine sepsis model are not well understood. …”
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Glioblastoma drives protease-independent extracellular matrix invasion of microglia by Chia-Wen Chang, Ashwin Bale, Rohit Bhargava, Brendan A.C. Harley

“…Microglia infiltration into the tumor microenvironment is associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis. Improved physicochemical understanding of microglia activation and invasion may provide novel GBM therapeutic strategies essential for improving long-term treatment efficacy. …”
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Safety and Tolerance of Donor-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Pediatric Living-Donor Liver Transplantation: The MYSTEP1 Study by Steffen Hartleif, Michael Schumm, Michaela Döring, Markus Mezger, Peter Lang, Marc H. Dahlke, Joachim Riethmüller, Alfred Königsrainer, Rupert Handgretinger, Silvio Nadalin, Ekkehard Sturm

“…Our secondary objective is to evaluate efficacy of MSC treatment as measured by the individual need for immunosuppression and the incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection. …”
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Urinary Tract Infections in the First 6 Months after Renal Transplantation by Ziad Arabi, Khalefa Al Thiab, Abdulrahman Altheaby, Ghaleb Aboalsamh, Samy Kashkoush, Mohamad Almarastani, Mohammed F. Shaheen, Abdulrahman Altamimi, Wael O’hali, Khalid Bin Saad, Lina Alnajjar, Rawan Alhussein, Raghad Almuhiteb, Bashayr Alqahtani, Rayana Alotaibi, Marah Alqahtani, Mohammed Tawhari

“…Diabetes, level of immunosuppression, deceased donor renal transplantation, pretransplant residual urine volume, or history of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was not associated with a higher incidence of UTIs. …”
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LBP-CD155 Liposome Nanovaccine Efficiently Resist Colorectal Cancer and Enhance ICB Therapy by Yan Y, Duan T, Xue X, Yang X, Liu M, Ma B, Duan X, Su C

“…Prophylactic and therapeutic combination regimens with anti-PD-1 treatment demonstrate synergism that stimulates T-cell infiltration into tumors and counteracts immunosuppression, leading to remarkable tumor remission and enhancing the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy in solid tumors.Conclusion: Our work provided that LBP-CD155L NVs may serve as a promising tool for reversing tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing ICB therapy in CRC.Keywords: Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, nanovaccines, nanovaccine codelivery, CD155, tumor immunotherapy…”
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Predictive value of dendritic cell-related genes for prognosis and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma by Zihao Sun, Mengfei Hu, Xiaoning Huang, Minghan Song, Xiujing Chen, Jiaxin Bei, Yiguang Lin, Size Chen

“…We found that patients with a high-DCRGS score had immunosuppression, activated tumor-associated pathways, and elevated somatic mutational load and copy number variant load. …”
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Sorafenib enhanced the function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma by facilitating PPARα-mediated fatty acid oxidation by Chunxiao Li, Liting Xiong, Yuhan Yang, Ping Jiang, Junjie Wang, Mengyuan Li, Shuhua Wei, Suqing Tian, Yuexuan Wang, Mi Zhang, Jie Tang

“…MDSCs were analyzed for chemotaxis, immunosuppressive functions, fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and PPARα expression. …”
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Evaluation of Protocol Biopsy Utility 12 Months after Renal Transplantation: A Multicenter Observational Analysis by Bruno Moulin, Pierre Merville, Karine Renaudin, David Buob, Sophie Ferlicot, Michel Delahousse, Jacques Dantal, Laetitia Albano, Christelle Barbet, Georges Mourad, Laure-Hélène Noel

“…SB at 12 months posttransplant did not prompt significant modification of immunosuppression, and no renal benefit was observed.…”
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Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling identifies feline fibrosarcoma as clinically amenable model for aggressive sarcoma subtypes by Mikiyo Weber, Daniel Fuchs, Amiskwia Pöschel, Erin Beebe, Zuzana Garajova, Armin Jarosch, Laura Kunz, Witold Wolski, Lennart Opitz, Franco Guscetti, Mirja C. Nolff, Enni Markkanen

“…While feline FSA are characterized by hyperactive EIF2, TP53 and MYC signaling, immune-related and neuronal pathways emerge as modulators of tumor aggressiveness and immunosuppression. A high degree of molecular similarity with canine and adult FSA allows identification of tumor targets that are conserved across species. …”
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Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Diffuse Skin Thickening as Kaposi Sarcoma Clinical Presentation by Sara Querido, Henrique Silva Sousa, Tiago Assis Pereira, Rita Birne, Patrícia Matias, Cristina Jorge, André Weigert, Teresa Adragão, Margarida Bruges, Domingos Machado

“…A 56-year-old African patient received a kidney from a deceased donor with 4 HLA mismatches in April 2013. He received immunosuppression with basiliximab, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone. …”
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A multifunctional mesoporous silica drug delivery nanosystem that ameliorates tumor hypoxia and increases radiotherapy efficacy by Yanhong Chu, LiFeng Wang, Yaohua Ke, Xiaoyu Feng, Wenmei Rao, Wei Ren, Kai Xin, Yan Wang, Lixia Yu, Baorui Liu, Qin Liu

“…These attributes collectively augmented the therapeutic efficacy of RT by alleviating hypoxia and immunosuppression. Tumor cells treated with RT combined with these nanoparticles displayed reduced oxidative stress, alleviated hypoxia, and normalized blood vessel formation. …”
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Relationship Between Perilesional Skin Condition and Survival in Terminally Ill Patients with Pressure Ulcers by María Isabel Pastor-Orduña, Federico Palomar-Llatas, David Palomar-Albert, María Teresa Murillo-Llorente, Ignacio Ventura, Francisco Tomás-Aguirre, Marcelino Pérez-Bermejo

“…On the other hand, the negative correlation between total lymphocyte count and survival suggests that lymphocytopenia may be a marker of adaptive immunosuppression. Perilesional tissue epithelialization, overall functionality and serum albumin levels are key factors in predicting survival, highlighting the need for a comprehensive palliative care approach to optimize quality of life and prolong survival in terminally ill patients with PUs.…”
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Normalization of tumor vasculature by imiquimod: proposal for a new anticancer therapeutic indication for a TLR7 agonist by Jarosz-Biej Magdalena, Czapla Justyna, Ciepła Joanna, Smolarczyk Ryszard, Drzyzga Alina, Sprus-Lipka Dorota, Pilny Ewelina, Matuszczak Sybilla, Cichoń Tomasz

“…Higher dose of IMQ showed worse effects than lower doses including decreased tumor perfusion, increased tumor hypoxia and immunosuppression. This knowledge may help to optimize the combination of the selected IMQ dose with e.g. chemotherapy or radiotherapy to elicit synergistic effect in cancer treatment. …”
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Blood absolute lymphocyte count and trajectory are important in understanding severe COVID-19 by Catharine I. Paules, Jacqueline A. Nordwall, Kathryn Shaw-Saliba, Judith A. Aberg, Edward M. Gardner, Anna L. Goodman, N. Kumarasamy, Shikha Vasudeva, David M. Vock, Crystal M. North, Jens Lundgren, Neil R. Aggarwal, for the STRIVE Network and TICO Trial Study Group

“…Persistent and new lymphopenia were associated with older age, male sex; prior immunosuppression, heart failure, aspirin use, and normal body mass index; biomarkers of organ damage (renal and lung), and ineffective immune response (elevated IL-6 and viral nucleocapsid antigen levels). …”
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