PDL1 inhibitors may be associated with a lower risk of allograft rejection than PD1 and CTLA4 inhibitors: analysis of the WHO pharmacovigilance database by Alexandre O. Gérard, Alexandre O. Gérard, Alexandre O. Gérard, Diane Merino, Diane Merino, Jonathan Benzaquen, Alexandre Destere, Delphine Borchiellini, Clément Gosset, Clément Gosset, Fanny Rocher, Marine Andreani, Charles-Hugo Marquette, Henri Montaudié, Henri Montaudié, Milou-Daniel Drici, Antoine Sicard, Antoine Sicard

“…BackgroundTransplant recipients face increased cancer mortality due to immunosuppressive treatments. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have improved survival rates, but data on the use of these agents in transplant recipients is scarce. …”
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Analysis of tumor-infiltrating exhausted T cells highlights IL-6 and PD1 blockade as a combined immunotherapy strategy for non-small cell lung cancer by Lulu Zhang, Lulu Zhang, Xiyuan Guo, Xiyuan Guo, Xiaoke Sun, Jue Liao, Qin Liu, Yingchun Ye, Zhihui Yang, Ratchada Cressey, Qing He, Qing Yuan, Qing Yuan

“…ObjectiveGiven the limitations of immunotherapy for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we investigated the phenotype and function of exhausted CD8+T cells and analyzed a novel combination immunotherapy to restore the effector killing function of tumor-infiltrating CD8+T lymphocyte (TIL).MethodsWe examined the expression and function of immunosuppressive molecules on CD8+T cells of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and TILs by using prospectively collected peripheral blood, pleural effusions, and tumor tissues from patients with NSCLC and correlated the results with clinical data. …”
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Immune responses in rodent whole eye transplantation: elucidation and preliminary investigations into rejection diagnosis and monitoring by Bing Li, Yong Wang, Charles R. Owens, Touka Banaee, Charleen T. Chu, Kayvon Jabbari, Anna D. Lee, Neil J. Khatter, Alan G. Palestine, An-Jey A. Su, Christene A. Huang, Kia M. Washington

“…This study delves into the timeline and nature of immune responses in a rodent model of WET without immunosuppression, aiming to elucidate a detailed picture of the immune landscape post-transplantation and establish innovative diagnostic and monitoring methods.MethodsWe employed a multi-faceted approach to analyze immune responses post-WET, including assessments of gross changes in corneal transparency, thickness, and skin condition. …”
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PD-L1 positive platelets mediate resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with colorectal cancer by Jiacheng Li, Jia Liu, Shifeng Yang, Yu Xia, Qingzhe Meng, Biying Sun, Yansong Liu, Bin Zhao, Jiaqi Jin, Hui Xu, Lihong Wang, Pengxia Zhang, Zhuoxin Cheng

“…We hypothesized that PD-L1 positive platelets trigger and sustain CRC immunosuppression. Methods The functional depletion effects of PD-L1 positive platelets on TME and immune cells were measured via western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR, ELISpot and flow cytometry. …”
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Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Muhammed Shabil, Shilpa Gaidhane, R. Roopashree, Mandeep Kaur, Manish Srivastava, Amit Barwal, G. V. Siva Prasad, Pranchal Rajput, Rukshar Syed, Anoop Dev, Danish Kundra, Ambanna Yappalparvi, Prakasini Satapathy, Quazi Syed Zahiruddin, Harish Kumar, Renu Sah, Ganesh Bushi

“…The relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and mpox outcomes, particularly hospitalization rates, remains underexplored despite the known immunosuppressive effects of HIV. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between HIV infection and the likelihood of hospitalization in mpox cases. …”
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GC-derived exosomal circMAN1A2 promotes cancer progression and suppresses T-cell antitumour immunity by inhibiting FBXW11-mediated SFPQ degradation by Yikai Shen, Jie Lin, Tianlu Jiang, Xusheng Shen, Ying Li, Yiwang Fu, Penghui Xu, Lang Fang, Zetian Chen, Hongxin Huang, Yiwen Xia, Zekuan Xu, Linjun Wang

“…Conclusions Our work confirms the critical role of exosomal circMAN1A2 in the progression and immunosuppression of GC. This novel axis of circMAN1A2-SFPQ provides new insights into exosomal circRNA-based GC diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.…”
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Successful Regulatory T Cell-Based Therapy Relies on Inhibition of T Cell Effector Function and Enrichment of FOXP3+ Cells in a Humanized Mouse Model of Skin Inflammation by S. Landman, V. L. de Oliveira, M. Peppelman, E. Fasse, E. van Rijssen, S. C. Bauland, P. van Erp, I. Joosten, H. J. P. M. Koenen

“…As a novel finding, we demonstrate that human Treg injection led to a reduction of IL-17-secreting cells while promoting a relative increase in immunosuppressive FOXP3+ Treg in the human skin, indicating active immune regulation in controlling the local proinflammatory response. …”
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Lethal necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis after bariatric surgery and bilateral mammaplasty by O. V. Blagova, D. Kh. Aynetdinova, A. V. Nedostup, N. A. Novikova, Ye. A. Kogan, Yu. V. Lerner, L. V. Kozlovskaya, V. V. Rameyev, N. A. Mukhin

“…Incomplete effect of immunosuppressive therapy indicates the dominant role of autoinflammation in the course of disease. …”
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S100A13-driven interaction between pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes tumor progression through calcium signaling by Liuyuan Xia, Xin Guo, Dong Lu, Yixin Jiang, Xiaohui Liang, Yiwen Shen, Jiayi Lin, Lijun Zhang, Hongzhuan Chen, Jinmei Jin, Xin Luan, Weidong Zhang

“…Abstract Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key components of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) tumor microenvironment (TME), where they promote tumor progression and metastasis through immunosuppressive functions. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the crosstalk between cancer cells and CAFs, many underlying mechanisms remain unclear. …”
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Assessment of the impact of HIV infection on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and pubertal development among adolescent girls at a tertiary centre in Zimbabwe: a cross-secti... by Bothwell Takaingofa Guzha, Bismark Mateveke, Hamish Mubata, Tapiwa Chapupu, Vongai Dondo, Maxwell Chirehwa, Rendani Tshikosi, Tsungai Chipato, Zvavahera Mike Chirenje

“…The degree of HIV immunosuppression had no significant impact on the HPO axis and pubertal development. …”
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UBE2T/CDC42/CD276 signaling axis mediates brain metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer via lysosomal autophagy by Lin Li, Rong Fu, Yan Chen, Jin Yao, Xiaobing Jiang, Tao Liang, Jun jun Li, Qian zhi Chen, Liang Liang Shi, Ming Xing Xie, Xin Wei Qiao, Qi Hong Cheng, Min Jie Wang

“…Data from clinical samples from our different cohorts and TCGA indicate a significant correlation between UBE2T and immunosuppression. Mechanistically, UBE2T directly interacts with CDC42, promoting its K48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby inhibiting CDC42 from degrading CD276 via the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, indirectly upregulating CD276 and thereby impairing the CD8+ T cells function, ultimately mediating tumor immune escape and BrM. …”
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Investigating intra‐tumoural heterogeneity and microenvironment diversity in primary cardiac angiosarcoma through single‐cell RNA sequencing by Jingyuan Huo, Zhen Wang, Wenting Zhao, Miao Chen, Haoyang Li, Fengpu He, Xiao Tian, Yaqi Ma, Firyuza Husanova, Liang Ma, Yiming Ni, Hongda Ding, Weidong Li, Hongfei Xu

“…Characterization of the immune microenvironment revealed significant immunosuppression mediated by specific myeloid cell populations (SPP1+ and OLR1+ macrophages). …”
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-Activated Neutrophils Express B7-H4 That Correlates with Gastric Cancer Progression and Poor Patient Survival by Zhi-guo Shan, Zong-bao Yan, Liu-sheng Peng, Ping Cheng, Yong-sheng Teng, Fang-yuan Mao, Kun Fan, Yuan Zhuang, Yong-liang Zhao

“…Most intratumoral neutrophils showed an activated CD54+ phenotype and expressed high-level immunosuppressive molecule B7-H4. Tumor tissue culture supernatants from GC patients induced neutrophils to express CD54 and B7-H4 in both time-dependent and dose-dependent manners. …”
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Management of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell-related toxicity of a patient affected by cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, follo... by G. Menardi, A. Castellino, C. Castellino, M. E. Bersia, E. Grande, G. Fraternali, M. Massaia, C. Fruttero

“…Although there is a correlation between gastrointestinal perforation and interleukin 6 receptor inhibitors, the adverse event was attributed to the patient’s preexisting diverticulitis and the immunosuppressive drugs administered leading to cytomegalovirus reactivation. …”
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INBRX-120, a CD8α-targeted detuned IL-2 that selectively expands and activates tumoricidal effector cells for safe and durable in vivo responses by Jason Ho, Chelsie Macedo, Garrett Cyprus, Rajay Pandit, Anya Polovina, Nadja Kern, Abrahim Hussain, Sae Jeong Ahn, William Crago, Emily Rowell, Florian J Sulzmaier, John C Timmer, Brendan P Eckelman

“…Despite promising activity in a subset of patients, wider therapeutic utility of IL-2 (aldesleukin) has been hampered by severe dose-limiting toxicities, the expansion of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells and a poor pharmacokinetic (PK) profile. …”
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Risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalisations and deaths in Mexican children and adolescents: retrospective cross-sectional study by Mauricio Hernandez-Avila, Libny Martínez-Valdez, Vesta Richardson López Collada, Luis Enrique Castro-Ceronio, Ángela María Rodríguez Gutiérrez, Aurora Bautista-Márquez

“…Risk analyses showed that male sex (OR 1.16–1.28), history of pneumonia (OR 29.7–65.4), immunosuppression (OR 5.3–42.9), cardiovascular disease (OR 4.4–14.6) and other comorbidities (OR 5.4–19.1), as well as age less than 1 year (OR 20.1, 95% CI 18.8 to 21.4), confer a greater risk of hospitalisation; in addition to comorbidities, age less than 1 year (OR 16.6, 95% CI 14.1 to 19.6), history of pneumonia (OR 14.1–135.1) and being an adolescent from an indigenous community (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.23 to 5.54, p=0.012) increase the risk of death.Conclusions In Mexico, children less than 1 year old with COVID-19 have higher risk of hospitalisation and death than older children. …”
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Uncovering the role of tumor cGAS expression in predicting response to PD-1/L1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer by Yuichi Ozawa, Yasuhiro Koh, Ryota Shibaki, Yuhei Harutani, Hiroaki Akamatsu, Atsushi Hayata, Takeya Sugimoto, Yuka Kitamura, Junya Fukuoka, Masanori Nakanishi, Nobuyuki Yamamoto

“…Conclusion cGAS expression, but not STING, predicts poor PD-1/L1 inhibitor efficacy in NSCLC with high PD-L1, potentially due to a TGF-β-mediated immunosuppressive environment (UMIN000024414).…”
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Impact of Timing the Combination of Radiotherapy and PD-1 Inhibitors on Outcomes in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Zhong L, Peng W, Sun J, Luo Y, Sheng H, Wu Y, Zhou T, Zhou C, Cao C

“…Flow cytometry revealed an increased Tregs/CD3+ T cell ratio and a decreased CD8+/Treg cell ratio post-radiotherapy, suggesting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Conclusion: Synchronous treatment demonstrated superior efficacy in treating HCC compared to sequential treatment, with manageable adverse events. …”
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Assessment of physiological status of felids as indicator of their welfare in the wild by Ekaterina V. Pavlova, Evgeny A. Ivanov, Vadim E. Kiriluk, Vyacheslav V. Rozhnov

“…Thus the high N:L ratio in big felids can be explained by several reasons: stress of capture, immunosuppression and a high diversity of detected infections. …”
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CCR7 and CD48 as Predicted Targets in Acute Rejection Related to M1 Macrophage after Pediatric Kidney Transplantation by Jie Zhang, Jun Pei, Chengjun Yu, Jin Luo, Yifan Hong, Yi Hua, Guanghui Wei

“…Although long and short-term survival rates for the graft have improved significantly with the development of immunosuppressants, acute rejection (AR) remains a major risk factor attacking the graft and patients. …”
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