Esophageal Involvement in Wegener’s Granulomatosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Glen A Fallows, Sean F Hamilton, Douglas S Taylor, S Bharati Reddy

“…These reports illustrate the need to consider odynophagia as a reflection of disease activity as opposed to complications of immunosuppressive therapy.…”
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Review of the Early Diagnoses and Assessment of Rejection in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation by Ravi Starzl, Gerald Brandacher, W. P. Andrew Lee, Jaime Carbonell, Wensheng Zhang, Jonas Schnider, Vijay Gorantla, Stefan Schneeberger, Xin Xiao Zheng

“…Many of the challenges that have historically been limiting factors in transplantation, such as rejection and the morbidity of immunosuppression, remain challenges in VCA. Because of the accessibility of most VCA grafts, and the highly immunogenic nature of the skin in particular, VCA has become the focal point for cross-disciplinary approaches to developing novel approaches for some of the most challenging immunological problems in transplantation, particularly the early diagnoses and assessment of rejection. …”
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RECONSTRUCTION OF AMINO ACID SEQUENCES OF CYCLIC PEPTIDES FROM THEIR MASS SPECTRA by E. S. Fomin

“…Nevertheless, in spite of all efforts, there is little progress in the development of programs able to solve the problem for de novo sequencing of cyclic peptides, which are most effective antibiotics, antitumor agents, immunosuppressants, toxins, and a vast number of nonribosomal peptides with unknown functions. …”
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Disseminated Histoplasmosis with Miliary Histoplasmosis, Neurohistoplasmosis, and Histoplasma capsulatum Bacteremia in Probable Neurosarcoidosis by Peter V. Bui

“…Empiric antimicrobial therapy for a patient with neurosarcoidosis on immunosuppressive agents may need to include antifungal agents.…”
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Control of Herpesvirus Infection in Organ Transplant Recipients by Nina E Tolkoff-Rubin, Robert H Rubin

“…New approaches to controlling these viruses in which pre-emptive therapy is linked to immunosuppressive therapy, and new diagnostic techniques for viral monitoring, hold promise for limiting clinical disease due to these viruses.…”
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Concurrent Hairy Cell Leukemia and Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma by Ajay Prakash, Alhossain A. Khalafallah

“…This is the first reported case of these two rare malignancies occurring concurrently at initial presentation and may represent a role of immunosuppression in the pathogenesis of MCC.…”
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The Fate of Allogeneic Pancreatic Islets following Intraportal Transplantation: Challenges and Solutions by Xinyu Li, Qiang Meng, Lei Zhang

“…However, there are many obstacles contributing to the early mass loss of the islets and progressive islet loss in the late stages of clinical islet transplantation, including hypoxia injury, instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions, inflammatory cytokines, immune rejection, metabolic exhaustion, and immunosuppression-related toxicity that is detrimental to the islet allograft. …”
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Evans Syndrome Associated with Pregnancy and COVID-19 Infection by Gayathri Vadlamudi, Leah Hong, Madhurima Keerthy

“…She was diagnosed with ES and started on immunosuppressive treatments for persistent immune thrombocytopenic purpura. …”
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A Case Report of Premalignant Plasma Cell Dyscrasia-Induced Renal Failure in a 31-Year-Old Female by Ayrton Bangolo, Mahabuba Akhter, Amer Jarri, Manpreet Kaur, Ali Atoot, Parul Jandir, Mahmood Ibrahim, Lochana Manandhar, Adam Atoot

“…Herein, we present a 31-year-old female with past medical history of lupus nephritis who presented with signs of volume overload and worsening renal function despite adequate immunosuppressive therapy. Renal biopsy revealed heavy and light chain deposition consistent with MGRS. …”
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Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus-Related Solid Lymphoma Involving the Heart and Brain by Jason R. Andrews, Yoon Andrew Cho-Park, Judith Ferry, Jeremy S. Abramson, Gregory K. Robbins

“…In the HIV-infected patient with a mass lesion, a history of cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma and prolonged immunosuppression should alert clinicians as to the possibility of KSHV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, in order to establish a timely diagnosis.…”
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Management of Uveitis-Related Choroidal Neovascularization: From the Pathogenesis to the Therapy by Enzo D’Ambrosio, Paolo Tortorella, Ludovico Iannetti

“…Also we reported the success rate of single studies concerning the therapies of choroidal neovascularization secondary to uveitis during the last decade: photodynamic therapy, intravitreal bevacizumab, and intravitreal ranibizumab, besides steroidal and immunosuppressive therapy. Hereby a standardization of the therapeutic approach is proposed.…”
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Cancer-associated fibroblasts in carcinogenesis by Shufen Zhou, Zekun Zhao, Zhaojun Wang, Hanzheng Xu, Yijie Li, Ke Xu, Wei Li, Jiahua Yang

“…Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), however, occupy a pivotal and substantial role within the tumor microenvironment, facilitating carcinogenesis through diverse mechanisms such as creating inflammation, fostering a fibrotic tumor microenvironment, and immunosuppression. In this paper, we introduce the concept of carcinogenesis, explain its causes, describe the characteristics of CAFs and their sources, and highlight the roles and mechanisms of CAFs in promoting carcinogenesis. …”
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An Unusual Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Hemophagocytic Syndrome by Saika Sharmeen, Nazia Hussain

“…Hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an immune mediated phenomenon that can occur in the setting of an autoimmune disease, chronic immunosuppression, malignancy, or infection. It has been more commonly described in the pediatric population and less commonly in adults. …”
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Ultrasound Presentation of a Disseminated Fetal and Neonatal Rhabdoid Tumor by Yolaine Joueidi, Aline Rousselin, Céline Rozel, Philippe Loget, Dominique Ranchere Vince, Sylvie Odent, Franck Bourdeaut, Vincent Lavoue, Maela Le Lous

“…This is a case report of a disseminated fetal rhabdoid tumor discovered at 32 weeks of gestation in a 29-year-old woman on immunosuppressive therapy. The mother consulted for a decrease in fetal movement. …”
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Targeted SPP1 Inhibition of Tumor‐Associated Myeloid Cells Effectively Decreases Tumor Sizes by Benan Kartal, Christopher S. Garris, Hyung Shik Kim, Rainer H. Kohler, Jasmine Carrothers, Elias A. Halabi, Yoshiko Iwamoto, Anne‐Gaëlle Goubet, Yuxuan Xie, Pratyaksha Wirapati, Mikaël J. Pittet, Ralph Weissleder

“…Abstract Secreted phosphosprotein 1 (SPP1)High tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) are abundant tumor myeloid cells that are immunosuppressive, pro‐tumorigenic, and have a highly negative prognostic factor. …”
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Invasive Mucormycosis Induced Pneumopericardium: A Rare Cause of Pneumopericardium in an Immunocompromised Patient by Sana Khan, Muhammad Waqar Elahi, Waqas Ullah, Hafez Mohammad Ammar Abdullah, Ejaz Ahmad, Mayar Al Mohajer, Aneela Majeed

“…He had a past surgical history of renal transplant for renal cell carcinoma and was on dual immunosuppressive therapy, that is, mycophenolate and tacrolimus. …”
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Retroviral and Lentiviral Vectors for the Induction of Immunological Tolerance by Inès Dufait, Therese Liechtenstein, Alessio Lanna, Christopher Bricogne, Roberta Laranga, Antonella Padella, Karine Breckpot, David Escors

“…Thus, three main approaches have been undertaken to induce immunological tolerance; delivery of potent immunosuppressive cytokines and other molecules, modification of intracellular signalling pathways in dendritic cells, and de-targeting transgene expression from dendritic cells using microRNA technology. …”
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Pregnancy Following Liver Transplantation: Review of Outcomes and Recommendations for Management by Kuljit S Parhar, Paul S Gibson, Carla S Coffin

“…Several key issues that are noted when counselling patients who are considering pregnancy following liver transplantation include the optimal timing of pregnancy, optimal contraception methods and the management of immunosuppression during pregnancy. The present review summarizes the most recent literature so that the clinician may address these issues with their patient and enable them to make informed decisions about pregnancy planning. …”
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Autoimmune Hepatitis—Immunologically Triggered Liver Pathogenesis—Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies by Elisabeth Sucher, Robert Sucher, Tanja Gradistanac, Gerald Brandacher, Stefan Schneeberger, Thomas Berg

“…AIH responds favorably to steroids and pharmacologic immunosuppression, and liver transplantation is only necessary in cases with acute liver failure or end-stage liver cirrhosis. …”
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The Infection Returns: A Case of Pulmonary Sporotrichosis Relapse after Chemotherapy by Samid M. Farooqui, Houssein Youness

“…This case highlights the importance of considering past fungal infections, albeit cured, in patients initiating immunosuppressive therapy.…”
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