Inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies and patient management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Literature review by R. Bunevičiūtė, A. Klimašauskienė

“…They can cause a lot of difficulties in daily practice due to their clinical heterogeneity and long term immunosuppressive treatment. Environmental and epidemiological changes may increase the incidence of the demyelinating polyneuropathies. …”
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The Controversial Role of Microglia in Malignant Gliomas by Jun Wei, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Amy Heimberger

“…Mounting evidence indicates that the glioma microenvironment converts the glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs) into glioma-supportive, immunosuppressive cells; however, GAMs can retain intrinsic anti-tumor properties. …”
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IL-10 and ARG-1 Concentrations in Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood of Metastatic Neuroblastoma Patients Do Not Associate with Clinical Outcome by Fabio Morandi, Michela Croce, Giuliana Cangemi, Sebastiano Barco, Valentina Rigo, Barbara Carlini, Loredana Amoroso, Vito Pistoia, Silvano Ferrini, Maria Valeria Corrias

“…The percentages of immunosuppressive Treg and type-1 regulatory (Tr1) cells were also determined. …”
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Safety and Tolerance of Donor-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Pediatric Living-Donor Liver Transplantation: The MYSTEP1 Study by Steffen Hartleif, Michael Schumm, Michaela Döring, Markus Mezger, Peter Lang, Marc H. Dahlke, Joachim Riethmüller, Alfred Königsrainer, Rupert Handgretinger, Silvio Nadalin, Ekkehard Sturm

“…Our secondary objective is to evaluate efficacy of MSC treatment as measured by the individual need for immunosuppression and the incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection. …”
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Emicizumab in two patients with acquired haemophilia A – case report by Zhao Milly, Kartika Thomas, Witenko Corey, Snead Jessica, DeSancho Maria T, Ciolek Alana

“…Patients with acquired haemophilia A (PwAHA) can present with severe bleeding and may require lengthy treatment with bypassing agents and immunosuppression. We present two cases of the implementation of emicizumab in PwAHA. …”
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A Case of De Novo Antiglomerular Basement Membrane Disease Presenting during Pregnancy by F. A. K. Lodhi, T. Akcan, J. N. Mojarrab, S. Sajjad, R. Blonsky

“…Fetal safety should be considered and risks thoroughly discussed with the patient when choosing an immunosuppressive regimen for this condition.…”
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Management and Clinical Outcome of Penetrating Keratoplasty for Long-Term Corneal Changes in Sympathetic Ophthalmia by Saraswathi Ramamurthi, Ebube E. Obi, Gordon N. Dutton, Kanna Ramaesh

“…Our patients were immunosuppressed prior to the procedure to help prevent graft rejection. …”
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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells exhibit distinct characteristics in bone marrow and blood of individuals with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by Paris Efstratiou, Athina Damianaki, Aglaia Kavidopoulou, Polymnia Ioannidou, Effrosyni Markaki, Ioannis Moysis Skianis, Electra Tsagliotis, Vasilia Kaliafentaki, Angelos Mattheakakis, Maria Ximeri, Eleftherios Manouras, Matthieu Lavigne, Panayotis Verginis, Panayotis Verginis, Panayotis Verginis, Christina Kalpadakis

“…In Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), circulating MDSCs constitute the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, while the contribution of BM MDSCs in disease pathogenesis remains elusive. …”
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Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Involved in Skewed Type 2 Immunity of Gastric Diseases Induced by Helicobacter pylori Infection by Rong Li, Xiao-xia Jiang, Lin-fang Zhang, Xiao-ming Liu, Ting-zi Hu, Xiu-juan Xia, Ming Li, Can-xia Xu

“…In conclusion, our results indicated that ILC2-mediated innate immune response might play a potential role in dominant type 2 phenotype and immunosuppressive microenvironment in H. pylori infection.…”
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Evaluating the Real-World Effectiveness of Systemic Treatments in Atopic Dermatitis Using the Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool (ADCT): A Multi-Centre, Prospective Study by Hyun Ji Lee, Yuri Woo, Young Bok Lee, Ji Hye Lee, Jung Eun Kim, Ji Hyun Lee, Sang Hyun Cho

“…In addition, the study assessed the effectiveness of immunosuppressants and dupilumab over the course of one year. …”
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A Case of Phlegmonous Gastritis in a Patient with Psoriatic Arthritis on Infliximab by Laurence De Davide, Annie Beaudoin

“…We thereby describe the case of a 42-year-old male patient known for psoriatic arthritis on Infliximab who was diagnosed with phlegmonous gastritis secondary to immunosuppressive therapy. The patient had a favourable outcome with a conservative treatment consisting of a 14-day course of broad antibiotherapy.…”
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A Rare and Potentially Catastrophic Infection: Primary Intestinal Aspergillosis—Case Report in an HIV Patient by Cátia Dias, Filipa Duarte-Ribeiro, Sara Pipa, Margarida Mota

“…Aspergillus species are ubiquitous in nature; however, infection is uncommon, except in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed hosts. We present the case of a 71-year-old woman with a history of human immunodeficiency virus infection who presented with fever, weight loss, and diarrhea, posteriorly diagnosed with intestinal aspergillosis after examination of a segmental enterectomy piece. …”
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Tissue-Related Hypoxia Attenuates Proinflammatory Effects of Allogeneic PBMCs on Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells In Vitro by Polina I. Bobyleva, Elena R. Andreeva, Aleksandra N. Gornostaeva, Ludmila B. Buravkova

“…ASC/PBMCs interaction resulted in anti-inflammatory shift of paracrine mediators in conditioning medium with significant increase of immunosuppressive LIF level. Our data indicated that under both ambient and tissue-related O2 ASCs possessed immunosuppressive potential and maintained functional activity. …”
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Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Single Center Retrospective Study in Malaysia by Piem Jie Leong, Anna Farazilah Mohd Salleh

“…However, a combination of multiple immunosuppressive agents appeared to be associated with better outcomes in some patients.…”
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A Challenging Twist in Pulmonary Renal Syndrome by Rajaie Namas, Bernard Rubin, Wamidh Adwar, Alireza Meysami

“…Prompt cessation of hydralazine may be sufficient to reverse disease activity but immunosuppression may be needed.…”
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Sirolimus Enhances Cyclosporine A-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Renal Glomerular Mesangial Cells by Séin O'Connell, Craig Slattery, Michael P. Ryan, Tara McMorrow

“…This work addressed nephrotoxicity induced by the immunosuppressive agents’ cyclosporine A (CsA) and sirolimus (SRL). …”
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Orbital and adnexal sarcoidosis: Clinical presentations and management outcomes by Shebin Salim, Md Shahid Alam, Sonam Ahuja, Kirthi Koka, Marian Pauly, Subramanian Krishnakumar, Bipasha Mukherjee

“…Additional treatments included oral steroids (n = 10) and systemic immunosuppressants (n = 5). Six patients were lost to follow-up. …”
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Microglia-secreted TNF-α affects differentiation efficiency and viability of pluripotent stem cell-derived human dopaminergic precursors. by Shirley D Wenker, María Isabel Farias, Victoria Gradaschi, Corina Garcia, Juan Beauquis, María Celeste Leal, Carina Ferrari, Xianmin Zeng, Fernando J Pitossi

“…We first observed that transplanted human dopaminergic precursors into the striatum of immunosuppressed rats elicited an early and sustained activation of astroglial and microglial cells after 15 days' post-transplant. …”
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Identifying RBBP7 as a Promising Diagnostic Biomarker for BK Virus-Associated Nephropathy by Yicun Wang, Yuxuan Wang, Di Zhang, Hao Zhang, Wei Wang, Xiaopeng Hu

“…BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVN) remains a major infectious complication due to powerful immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients, and its histologic appearance can mimic rejection, leading to diagnostic and treatment dilemmas thus molecular diagnostic methods would be beneficial. …”
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BK Virus Load Associated with Serum Levels of sCD30 in Renal Transplant Recipients by Haidar A. Shamran, Salma N. Malik, Jinan M. Al-Saffer, Rana S. Jawad

“…These results suggest that serum levels of sCD30 could be used as an indicator of BK viremia, and accordingly the immunosuppressive regime should be adjusted.…”
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