Successful Tocilizumab Therapy for Macrophage Activation Syndrome Associated with Adult-Onset Still’s Disease: A Case-Based Review by Eri Watanabe, Hitoshi Sugawara, Takeshi Yamashita, Akira Ishii, Aya Oda, Chihiro Terai

“…TCZ initiation after adequate nonselective immunosuppressive therapy, such as methylprednisolone pulse therapy or a prednisolone-based combination of immunosuppressants, can be an effective treatment for AOSD-associated MAS. …”
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Incidental Finding of Nocardia: A Case Series from a Tertiary Care Centre in Uttarakhand by Aroop Mohanty, Suneeta Meena, Subodh Pandey Kumar, Puneet Kumar Gupta, Neelam Kaistha, Pratima Gupta, Mithilesh Kumar Jha, Sasi Rekha

“…The most common conditions causing immunosuppression were type II DM, COPD, and pulmonary tuberculosis.…”
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Myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: treatment options and guidance for management during COVID-19 pandemic by A. Klimašauskienė, R. Bunevičiūtė

“…During the COVID-19 pandemic, MG/LEMS patients should continue ongoing treatment and are advised not to stop any immunosuppressive agents used. Altering or stopping an immunosuppressive agent may increase disease activity and/or MG exacerbation or crisis. …”
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Transplant Tolerance: New Insights and Strategies for Long-Term Allograft Acceptance by Paulina Ruiz, Paula Maldonado, Yessia Hidalgo, Alejandra Gleisner, Daniela Sauma, Cinthia Silva, Juan Jose Saez, Sarah Nuñez, Mario Rosemblatt, Maria Rosa Bono

“…Despite the potential of organ transplantation, the administration of immunosuppressive drugs required for allograft acceptance induces severe immunosuppression in transplanted patients, which leads to serious side effects such as infection with opportunistic pathogens and the occurrence of neoplasias, in addition to the known intrinsic toxicity of these drugs. …”
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Macrophages facilitate tumor cell PD‐L1 expression via an IL‐1β‐centered loop to attenuate immune checkpoint blockade by Cheng Xu, Yu Xia, Bai‐Wei Zhang, Emmanuel Kwateng Drokow, Hua‐Yi Li, Sen Xu, Zhen Wang, Si‐Yuan Wang, Ping Jin, Tian Fang, Xiao‐Ming Xiong, Pu Huang, Ning Jin, Jia‐Hong Tan, Qing Zhong, Yu‐Xin Chen, Qi Zhang, Yong Fang, Fei Ye, Qing‐Lei Gao

“…Together, this study presents an IL‐1β‐centered immunosuppressive loop between TAMs and tumor cells, highlighting IL‐1β as a candidate therapeutic target to reverse immunosuppression and potentiate immune checkpoint blockade.…”
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Spontaneous Complete Regression of Colon Cancer Liver Metastases in a Lung Transplant Patient: A Case Report by Koen Zwart, Dieuwertje Ruigrok, Magda de Graaf-Bos, Roel Goldschmeding, Miriam Koopman, Guus M. Bol

“…The cause of malignancies in patients with solid organ transplants is multifactorial, but the use of intensive immunosuppression is regarded as an important factor. We describe the spontaneous, complete regression of colon cancer liver metastases, without initiation of antitumor therapy, in a solid organ transplant patient after modulation of immunosuppressants. …”
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Pneumonia by Listeria monocytogenes: A Common Infection by an Uncommon Pathogen by Theocharis Koufakis, Marianneta Chatzopoulou, Anastasios Margaritis, Maria Tsiakalou, Ioannis Gabranis

“…Infections by Listeria monocytogenes typically occur in infants, the elderly, pregnant women, and immunosuppressed subjects. Pulmonary infections in adults are extremely uncommon and only few reports can be found in the literature. …”
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Cerebellar Involvement in an Immunocompetent Patient Presenting with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy by Rafael Garcia-Carretero, Blanca San Jose Montano

“…We were not able to identify any occult immunosuppression or malignancy in our patient.…”
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Presumed ocular tuberculosis in a developed country: a descriptive retrospective analysis of patients from a tertiary health care centre in the United Kingdom by Mariam M. Boshra, Amira Stylianidies, Hitesh Agrawal

“…Uveitis pattern and presence or absence of disc edema could predict the need for immunosuppression.…”
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Pneumonia Severity Index in the Immunocompromised by Kevin M Sanders, Theodore K Marras, Charles KN Chan

“…BACKGROUND: The pneumonia severity index (PSI) accounts for many comorbidities, but not immunosuppression.…”
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A Case of Acute Hepatitis E Infection in a Patient with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated Successfully with Ribavirin by Hasan N. Y. Haboubi, Rizwan Diyar, Ann Benton, Chin Lye Ch’ng

“…We present the case of a man who, following immunosuppressive treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, became infected with viral hepatitis E. …”
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Neoantigen mRNA vaccines and A2A receptor antagonism: A strategy to enhance T cell immunity by Saber Imani, Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli, Ali Babaeizad, Mazaher Maghsoudloo

“…By targeting A2AR, this approach reduces TME-induced immunosuppression, enhances DC activation, and improves neo-antigen presentation. …”
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CNS Vasculitis Associated with Waldenström Macroglobulinemia by Tanawan Riangwiwat, Chris Y. Wu, Alberto S. Santos-Ocampo, Randal J. Liu, Aaron M. McMurtray, Beau K. Nakamoto

“…To our knowledge, CNS vasculitis in a WM patient, in the absence of cryoglobulins, has not been reported. Immunosuppression is the preferred treatment.…”
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Collecting Duct Carcinoma of the Native Kidney in a Renal Transplant Recipient by Ian Zheng, Mahmoud Alameddine, Yaohong Tan, Zhobin Moghadamyeghaneh, Joshua S. Jue, Ali Yusufali, Ahmed Farag, Gaetano Ciancio

“…To our knowledge, CDC in the setting of renal transplant and long-term immunosuppression has not been previously described.…”
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Early Gastric Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder and H pylori Detection after Kidney Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by CL Nash, LM Price, DA Stewart, F Sepandj, S Yilmaz, A Barama

“…In the era of cyclosporine immunosuppression, the incidence of PTLD affecting the gastrointestinal tract may be increasing in comparison with the incidence seen with the use of older immunosuppression regimens. …”
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Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum due to Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Protein 5 Requiring a Bilateral Lung Transplant by Amrit Singh Jhajj, James Hok Shun Yeung, Fergus To

“…In medical literature, aggressive immunosuppressive therapy has been the mainstay of anti-MDA5-associated SPM management. …”
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A Decade of Experience Using mTor Inhibitors in Liver Transplantation by Jeffrey Campsen, Michael A. Zimmerman, Susan Mandell, Maria Kaplan, Igal Kam

“…Patients that received SRL as primary immunosuppression had 50% less rejection compared to controls.…”
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Prospective Study of BK Virus Infection in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Virginia Flores, Belén Rodríguez-Sánchez, Ignacio Marín-Jiménez, Emilio Bouza, Luis Menchén, Patricia Muñoz

“…A clear impact of the immunosuppressive regimen on BKV infection could not be demonstrated.…”
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Systemic and Nonrenal Adverse Effects Occurring in Renal Transplant Patients Treated with mTOR Inhibitors by Gianluigi Zaza, Paola Tomei, Paolo Ria, Simona Granata, Luigino Boschiero, Antonio Lupo

“…The mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR-I), sirolimus and everolimus, are immunosuppressive drugs largely used in renal transplantation. …”
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miR-129-5p Regulates the Immunomodulatory Functions of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells via Targeting Stat1 Signaling by He-Yang Zhang, Yu-Han Wang, Yan Wang, Yan-Nv Qu, Xiao-Hui Huang, Hui-Xin Yang, Chang-Ming Zhao, Youdi He, Si-Wei Li, Jin Zhou, Changyong Wang, Xiao-Xia Jiang

“…One advantage of ASC-based therapy lies in their immunosuppressive potential. However, how to get ASCs to provide consistent immunosuppression remains unclear. …”
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