Residual HCV-RNA and Elevated Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Poor Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C After Treatment by Anna Wróblewska, Mateusz Gliwiński, Magda Rybicka, Małgorzata Cheba, Beata Lorenc, Piotr Trzonkowski, Krzysztof P. Bielawski, Katarzyna Sikorska

“…Patients with residual HCV-RNA had higher levels of macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22) (p = 0.026) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) (p = 0.009), but lower levels of fractalkine/CX3CL1 (p = 0.007), interferon gamma (IFNγ) (p = 0.016), IL-13 (p = 0.009), and lymphotoxin alpha (LTα) (p = 0.007) compared to those without OCI. The profile of immune mediators in patients with OCI differed more from healthy controls than from patients without OCI. …”
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Proteomic, metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in community acquired pneumonia for differentiating viral and bacterial infections by Samuel Rischke, Robert Gurke, Ann-Sophie Zielbauer, Nicole Ziegler, Lisa Hahnefeld, Michaela Köhm, Aimo Kannt, Maria JGT Vehreschild, Gerd Geisslinger, Gernot Rohde, Carla Bellinghausen, Frank Behrens, CAPNETZ Study group

“…Similarly, proteins involved in cellular immune response and apoptosis (LAG-3 and TRAIL) showed elevated levels in viral CAP, while bacterial CAP exhibited notable elevation in pattern-recognizing receptors (CLEC4D and EN-RAGE). …”
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IgG4-mediated M2 macrophage polarization in tertiary lymphoid structures of esophageal cancer: implications for immunosuppression by Hui Wang, Hui Wang, Jirui Li, Yinghai Wang, Yang Chen, Yang Chen, Weifeng Zhang, Xinyan Pan, Xinyan Pan, Chanjuan Su, Ziteng Li, Li Wang, Li Wang, Jiang Gu, Jiang Gu

“…Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in the TME have important immune-related functions. This study aims to analyze the distribution characteristics of IgG4-expressing cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and M2-type macrophages as well as to elucidate the relationship between IgG4 and the polarization of M2 macrophages within TLS in esophageal cancer.ObjectTo elucidate the distribution of IgG4, Treg cells, and M2 macrophages in TLS and to assess the impact of IgG4 on macrophage polarization.MethodsEsophageal cancer tissue were analyzed with multiplex immunofluorescence to determine the spatial distribution and density of B cells, T cells, and their subtypes. …”
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Antibody Responses to mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Among Healthcare Workers in Outpatient Clinics in Japan by Teruhime Otoguro, Keita Wagatsuma, Toshiharu Hino, The Society of Ambulatory and General Pediatrics of Japan, Yusuke Ichikawa, Tri Bayu Purnama, Yuyang Sun, Jiaming Li, Irina Chon, Hisami Watanabe, Reiko Saito

“…Conclusions: Infection and vaccination were strongly associated with an increase in anti-S and anti-N IgG titers; however, the impact of hybrid immunity appeared to be limited and varied depending on the timing of the sampling. …”
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Epidemiological and genomic analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii strains from retailed raw meat by Leila Hamze, Raquel Garcia-Fierro, Antoine Drapeau, Pauline François, Andrea Endimiani, Jean-Yves Madec, Marisa Haenni, Vincent Perreten, Agnese Lupo

“…Acinetobacter baumannii causes hospital-acquired infections in human patients with compromised immune system. Strains associated to nosocomial infections are often resistant to carbapenems and belong to few international clones (IC1-11). …”
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Analysis of Genetic Variation in CD40 and CD40L: Relationship with mRNA Relative Expression and Soluble Proteins in Acute Coronary Syndrome by D. E. Martínez-Fernández, J. R. Padilla-Gutiérrez, F. Casillas-Muñoz, Emmanuel Valdés-Alvarado, Brenda Parra-Reyna, Maricela Aceves-Ramírez, J. F. Muñoz-Valle, U. Zalapa Flores, J. C. Chávez Herrera, Y. Valle

“…Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can be triggered by the presence of inflammatory factors which promote the activation of immune cells by costimulatory molecules such as CD40 and its ligand CD40L. …”
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Influence of Biological Therapeutics, Cytokines, and Disease Activity on Depression in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Margarida Figueiredo-Braga, Caleb Cornaby, Alice Cortez, Miguel Bernardes, Georgina Terroso, Marta Figueiredo, Cristina Dos Santos Mesquita, Lúcia Costa, Brian D. Poole

“…RA patients have a variety of treatment options available, including biologicals that inhibit cytokines or immune cells. If these cytokines influence the psychological symptoms, then the use of cytokine inhibitors should modulate these symptoms. …”
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Genome Sequencing Providing Molecular Evidence of Tetrapolar Mating System and Heterothallic Life Cycle for Edible and Medicinal Mushroom <i>Polyporus umbellatus</i> Fr. by Shoujian Li, Youyan Liu, Liu Liu, Bing Li, Shunxing Guo

“…<i>Polyporus umbellatus</i> is a species whose sclerotia have been extensively employed in traditional Chinese medicine, which has diuretic, antitumor, anticancer, and immune system enhancement properties. However, prolonged asexual reproduction has resulted in significant homogenization and degeneration of seed sclerotia. …”
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Transcriptomic Insights into Dual Temperature–Salinity Stress Response in “Shuike No. 1”, a Pioneering Rainbow Trout Strain Bred in China by Xiaojun Liu, Gaochao Wang, Tianqing Huang, Enhui Liu, Wei Gu, Peng Fan, Kaibo Ge, Datian Li, Yunchao Sun, Gefeng Xu

“…Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed stress-responsive gene modules and identified hub genes, primarily associated with gene expression, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function, disease immunity, energy metabolism, and substance transport. …”
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The role of natural exosomes from SHED-MSC in immunoregulation of M0/M1 polarized macrophage cells by Ali Fallah, Abasalt Hosseinzadeh Colagar, Ayyoob Khosravi, Ayyoob Khosravi, Azadeh Mohammad-Hasani, Azadeh Mohammad-Hasani, Mohsen Saeidi, Mohsen Saeidi

“…IntroductionExosomes (EXOs) as a targeted cell-free therapy could offer a new therapeutic strategy for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, due to their stability and ease of storage and handling. …”
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Gardnerella vaginalis-binding IgA in the urethra of sexually experienced males by Rachel Liu, R. M. Galiwango, Daniel Park, Sanja Huibner, Maliha Aziz, Aggrey Anok, James Nnamutete, Yahaya Isbirye, John Bosco Wasswa, Deo Male, Godfrey Kigozi, Aaron A. R. Tobian, Jessica L. Prodger, Cindy Liu, Bryan Coburn, Rupert Kaul

“…Here, we use a flow cytometry-based bacterial assay to quantify urethral IgA and IgG that bind G. vaginalis and S. mitis in a cross-sectional cohort of 45 uncircumcised Ugandan men and to evaluate their association with the urethral microbiome and local soluble immune factors. Results Urethral antibodies binding both bacterial species were readily detectable, with G. vaginalis predominantly bound by IgA, and S. mitis equivalently by IgA and IgG. …”
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Low-dose radiation ameliorates PM2.5-induced lung injury through non-canonical TLR1/TLR2-like receptor pathways modulated by Akkermansia muciniphila by Li Wang, Zhipeng Li, Huan He, Lijing Qin, Weiqiang Xu, Hongyuan Tian, Rongrong Liu, Xinru Lian, Wen Li, Yali Qi, Zhicheng Wang

“…Some evidences showed that low-dose radiation (LDR) induces hormesis in immune, however, it is unknown if LDR ameliorates the PM2.5-induced lung injury. …”
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Shrimp White Spot Viral Infections Are Attenuated by Organic Acids by Regulating the Expression of HO-1 Oxygenase and β-1,3-Glucan-Binding Protein by Ioan Pet, Igori Balta, Nicolae Corcionivoschi, Tiberiu Iancu, Ducu Stef, Lavinia Stef, Iuliana Cretescu

“…Conclusively, organic acid in mixtures can protect farmed shrimp against WSSV infection and increase their survivability through a mediated gut health effect which includes resistance to oxidative stress and improved immunity.…”
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A Shared Path: Co-occurrence and Clinical Implications of Celiac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by Wojciech Florczak, Joanna Śnieżna, Jakub Dziewic, Karol Dzwonnik, Wiktoria Domino, Urszula Zelik, Gabriela Trestka, Maria Przygoda, Jagienka Włodyka, Kamila Stępień, Sabina Adamczyk

“…Conclusions:  The co-occurrence of CeD and T1DM is common and it’s determined by shared genetic, immune, and environmental factors. Early screening and diagnosis are very important regarding the management strategies for these conditions. …”
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The performance status gap in immunotherapy for frail patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer by Julie Tsu-Yu Wu, June Corrigan, Chloe Su, Clark Dumontier, Jennifer La, Aparjita Khan, Shipra Arya, Alex H. S. Harris, Leah Backhus, Millie Das, Nhan V. Do, Mary T. Brophy, Summer S. Han, Michael Kelley, Nathanael R. Fillmore

“…Abstract Purpose In advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy is often preferred over intensive ICI treatment for frail patients and those with poor performance status (PS). …”
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A Circulating Subpopulation of Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells as an Independent Prognostic/Predictive Factor in Untreated Non-Small Lung Cancer Patients by Eleni-Kyriaki Vetsika, Filippos Koinis, Marianthi Gioulbasani, Despoina Aggouraki, Anna Koutoulaki, Eirini Skalidaki, Dimitris Mavroudis, Vassilis Georgoulias, Athanasios Kotsakis

“…The percentages and correlation between MDSCs and distinct immune cells in the peripheral blood of 110 chemotherapy-naive patients before treatment and healthy controls were investigated using flow cytometry. …”
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Cytotoxic Function and Cytokine Production of Natural Killer Cells and Natural Killer T-Like Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosis Regulation with Interleukin-15 by Syh-Jae Lin, Ming-Ling Kuo, Hsiu-Shan Hsiao, Pei-Tzu Lee, Wen-I Lee, Ji-Yih Chen, Jing-Long Huang

“…Natural killer cells and NKT-like cells are the first line immune defense against tumor and virus infection. …”
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Strength Training Session Induces Important Changes on Physiological, Immunological, and Inflammatory Biomarkers by Ayla Karine Fortunato, Washington Martins Pontes, Débora Maria Soares De Souza, Jéssica Santos Ferreira Prazeres, Lucas Soares Marcucci-Barbosa, Júlia Miranda Mól Santos, Érica Leandro Marciano Veira, Eduardo Bearzoti, Kelerson Mauro De Castro Pinto, André Talvani, Albená Nunes Da Silva

“…This protocol changed the count/total number of circulating immune cells in both groups (UTG and TG) and also increased the level of plasmatic apelin, BDNF, and FLTS1 only in TG and FABP3 myokines in both groups.…”
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Methyl 3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzoate Attenuates Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Regulating TLR/NF-κB Pathways by Jing Huang, Lei Li, Liyan Xu, Lixin Feng, Yuxin Wang, Attila Gabor SIK, Meng Jin, Rongchun Wang, Kechun Liu, Xiaobin Li

“…Furthermore, MBD notably inhibited the intestinal migration of immune cells, enhanced the integrity of the gut mucosal barrier and improved intestinal peristalsis function in a zebrafish IBD model induced by trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS). …”
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Unveiling the prognostic value of ARID3A in breast cancer through bioinformatic analysis by Wen-Run Cai, Xu-Gang Sun, Yue Yu, Xin Wang, Xu-Chen Cao, Xiao-Feng Liu

“…A positive correlation with REXO1 was identified, and enrichment analysis emphasized ARID3A's involvement in immune-related pathways, such as “interferon gamma production” and “primary immunodeficiency.” …”
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