Therapeutic Effects of BCG Vaccination on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials by Yu-Chen Chang, Chien-Ju Lin, Yu-Hsuan Hsiao, Yu-Han Chang, Shu-Jung Liu, Hsin-Yin Hsu

“…The Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) vaccine can modulate the immune response and decelerate disease progression. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of the BCG vaccine for the treatment of T1DM. …”
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Non-small cell lung cancer and the tumor microenvironment: making headway from targeted therapies to advanced immunotherapy by Anna De Lucia, Lucia Mazzotti, Lucia Mazzotti, Anna Gaimari, Anna Gaimari, Matteo Zurlo, Roberta Maltoni, Claudio Cerchione, Sara Bravaccini, Angelo Delmonte, Lucio Crinò, Patricia Borges de Souza, Luigi Pasini, Fabio Nicolini, Fabrizio Bianchi, Manel Juan, Hugo Calderon, Chiara Magnoni, Chiara Magnoni, Luca Gazzola, Luca Gazzola, Paola Ulivi, Massimiliano Mazza

“…The TME sets major obstacles for CAR-T therapies, creating conditions that suppress the immune response, inducing T cell exhaustion. To enhance treatment efficacy, specific efforts associated with CAR-T cell therapy in NSCLC, should definitely focus TME-related immunosuppression and antigen escape mechanisms, by combining CAR-T cells with immune checkpoint blockades.…”
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NF-κB Inhibition after Cecal Ligation and Puncture Reduces Sepsis-Associated Lung Injury without Altering Bacterial Host Defense by Hui Li, Wei Han, Vasilly Polosukhin, Fiona E. Yull, Brahm H. Segal, Can-Mao Xie, Timothy S. Blackwell

“…Based on the kinetics of the innate immune response, we postulated that selective NF-κB inhibition during a defined time period after the onset of sepsis would reduce acute lung injury without compromising bacterial host defense. …”
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Serum Cytokines Th1, Th2, and Th17 Expression Profiling in Active Lupus Nephritis-IV: From a Southern Chinese Han Population by Keshav Raj Sigdel, Lihua Duan, Yin Wang, Weiping Hu, Ning Wang, Qingyi Sun, Qingyan Liu, Xiaocong Liu, Xianghua Hou, Ao Cheng, Guixiu Shi, Yanlin Zhang

“…Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by aberrant T cell immune response. Diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis (LN-IV) is the most common, severe, and active form of lupus nephritis. …”
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Neethling Strain-Based Homologous Live Attenuated LSDV Vaccines Provide Protection Against Infection with a Clade 2.5 Recombinant LSDV Strain by Wannes Philips, Andy Haegeman, Nina Krešić, Laurent Mostin, Nick De Regge

“…Results: Only limited adverse effects were observed after vaccination, and all vaccinated animals seroconverted and showed an LSDV-specific cellular immune response after vaccination. After the challenge, the vaccinated animals developed almost no clinical signs, and no viremia or nasal excretion was detected. …”
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Lactoferrin Decreases the Intestinal Inflammation Triggered by a Soybean Meal-Based Diet in Zebrafish by Pilar E. Ulloa, Camila J. Solís, Javiera F. De la Paz, Trevor G. S. Alaurent, Mario Caruffo, Adrián J. Hernández, Patricio Dantagnan, Carmen G. Feijóo

“…To determine the influence of intestinal inflammation on the general immune response, larvae were challenged with Edwardsiella tarda. …”
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Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulations of the HLA-G Gene by Erick C. Castelli, Luciana C. Veiga-Castelli, Layale Yaghi, Philippe Moreau, Eduardo A. Donadi

“…HLA-G has a relevant role in immune response regulation. The overall structure of the HLA-G coding region has been maintained during the evolution process, in which most of its variable sites are synonymous mutations or coincide with introns, preserving major functional HLA-G properties. …”
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Oncolytic Viruses and Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Uveal Melanoma and Retinoblastoma: The Current Landscape and Novel Advances by Merve Kulbay, Nicolas Tuli, Massimo Mazza, Armaan Jaffer, Sarinee Juntipwong, Emily Marcotte, Stuti Misty Tanya, Anne Xuan-Lan Nguyen, Miguel N. Burnier, Hakan Demirci

“…These anti-cancer treatment options provide numerous advantages such as selective cancer cell death and the promotion of an anti-tumor immune response, and they prove useful in preventing vision impairment due to macular and/or optic disc involvement. …”
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Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome in Patients with Bronchial Asthma by N. D. Potskhverashvili, O. Yu. Zolnikova, N. I. Kokina, N. L. Dzhakhaya, A. V. Sedova, E. L. Bueverova, A. S. Trukhmanov

“…The correction of composition disorders of the intestinal microflora is accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in the immune response (p < 0.01) and improvement in the function of external respiration (p < 0.001).Conclusion.  …”
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High and low dose radiotherapy combined with ICIs for MSS colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases: a phase I study (HaRyPOT) by Yuxuan Ding, Yong Feng, Yangfan Ye, Jiayi Shen, Chang Guo, Xia He, Liangjun Zhu, Lijun Wang

“…The combination therapy stimulated the immune response and altered the tumour microenvironment, warranting further exploration in the future.…”
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Enhancement of Growth, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity in Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Through Recombinant <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Expressing L-Gulonolactone Oxi... by Jirawadee Kaewda, Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn, Papungkorn Sangsawad, Pimpisut Manassila, Chatsirin Nakharuthai

“…A challenge test showed increased pro-inflammatory gene expression and immune response against <i>S. agalactiae</i> in the BS+GULO group, indicating improved antagonistic activity over wild-type <i>B. subtilis</i>.…”
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The Maternal Cytokine and Chemokine Profile of Naturally Conceived Gestations Is Mainly Preserved during In Vitro Fertilization and Egg Donation Pregnancies by Alicia Martínez-Varea, Begoña Pellicer, Vicente Serra, David Hervás-Marín, Alicia Martínez-Romero, José Bellver, Alfredo Perales-Marín, Antonio Pellicer

“…This prospective longitudinal study aimed at comparing maternal immune response among naturally conceived (NC; n=25), in vitro fertilization (IVF; n=25), and egg donation (ED; n=25) pregnancies. …”
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Hypoxia signature derived from tumor-associated endothelial cells predict prognosis in gastric cancer by Ruiheng Wang, Ruiheng Wang, Guijun Liu, Guijun Liu, Ke Wang, Zhanglei Pan, Zhanglei Pan, Zhihua Pei, Xijiao Hu, Xijiao Hu

“…The adverse prognosis of the hypoxia signature was validated in the bulk cohort and significance was further enhanced after selecting core genes and combined survival weight scoring.ConclusionIn summary, high expression of the malignant endothelial cell driver genes VWF and EPAS1 enhances hypoxic metabolism, and malignant cell-immune cell interactions suppress the immune response. Therefore, the two core genes of hypoxic metabolism might represent potential therapeutic and predicting biomarkers for immunotherapy of gastric cancer in the future.…”
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Induction of Macrophage M2b/c Polarization by Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Meng Sun, Linxiao Sun, Chongchu Huang, Bi-cheng Chen, Zhenxu Zhou

“…Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) can promote healing and inhibit inflammation/immune response in local tissues, while the detailed mechanism remains unknown. …”
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Multi-omics analysis in inclusion body myositis identifies mir-16 responsible for HLA overexpression by Daphne Wijnbergen, Mridul Johari, Ozan Ozisik, Peter A.C. ‘t Hoen, Friederike Ehrhart, Anaïs Baudot, Chris T. Evelo, Bjarne Udd, Marco Roos, Eleni Mina

“…These subnetworks are related to antigen processing and presentation, chemokine-mediated signaling, immune response-signal transduction, rRNA processing, and mRNA splicing. …”
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Platelet–Monocyte Aggregate Instigates Inflammation and Vasculopathy in Kawasaki Disease by Yuan Zhang, Cuiping Jia, Manli Guo, Qian Chen, Ying Wen, Ting Wang, Yinyin Xie, Xuejiao Fan, Jingwen Gao, Timur O. Yarovinsky, Renjing Liu, Zhiyong Jiang, Mengmeng Wang, Jin Zhou, Di Che, Lanyan Fu, Richard Edelson, Xiaoqiong Gu, John Hwa, Wai Ho Tang

“…Platelet hyperreactivity and an aberrant immune response are key indicators of KD; however, the mechanism by which hyperactive platelets contribute to inflammation and vasculopathy in KD remains unclear. …”
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Unlocking the Potential of RNA Sequencing in COVID-19: Toward Accurate Diagnosis and Personalized Medicine by Heba M. Saad Eldien, Abdulrahman H. Almaeen, Ahmed Abo El Fath, Ahmed E. Taha, Rehab Ahmed, Hassabelrasoul Elfadil, Helal F. Hetta

“…It allows for the differentiation between asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals and sheds light on the immune response mechanisms that contribute to disease progression. …”
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The liver’s dilemma: sensing real danger in a sea of PAMPs: the (arterial) sinusoidal segment theory by Andrea Henriques-Pons, Natália Vacani-Martins, Carina de Lima Pereira dos Santos, Marcelo Meuser-Batista

“…When analyzing innate and adaptive immunity in the organ, the valid concepts that guide danger recognition and immune response in the periphery should be put aside. …”
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Dual-positive gastric cancer: an extremely malignant subtype of gastric cancer with high serum alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen concentrations by Weixun Xie, Chengyu Hu, Hongming Liu, Zelai Wu, Bixian Luo, Xiaoying Wu, Xiaoying Wu, Chuanlei Tuo, Ziyin Deng, Han Liang, Yong Liu, Weihua Gong, Weihua Gong

“…These patients exhibit significantly shorter overall survival, heightened metastasis risk, and are more susceptible to systemic inflammation, immune response dysregulation, malnutrition, and cancer-related thrombosis. …”
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Ddx21 mutant peptide is an effective neoantigen in prophylactic lung cancer vaccines and activates long-term anti-tumor immunity by Zhe Zhang, Yimeng Xia, Yimeng Xia, Zhihong Wang, Yaxing Sun, Dan Pu, Yijia He, Ruixian Liu, Yanru Zhang, Yan Liu, Junzhi Yu, Shiyang Ning, Baisui Feng, Yaohe Wang, Na Wang

“…Our previous studies indicated that mice immunized with a prophylactic vaccine based on lung cancer cell lines KPL 160302S, derived from early-stage murine lung cancer tissues, exhibited a significantly extended survival period, with a strong anti-tumor immune response. While the vaccine based on KPL 160424S, derived from advanced-stage murine lung cancer tissues, failed to extend survival time and demonstrated limited capacity to stimulate anti-tumor immunity. …”
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