Balance between Regulatory T and Th17 Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Old and the New by Alessia Alunno, Elena Bartoloni, Onelia Bistoni, Giuseppe Nocentini, Simona Ronchetti, Sara Caterbi, Valentina Valentini, Carlo Riccardi, Roberto Gerli

“…However, the pivotal role of T lymphocytes in the induction and perpetuation of aberrant immune response is well established. Among T cells, IL-17 producing T helper (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells represent an intriguing issue to be addressed in SLE pathogenesis, since an imbalance between the two subsets has been observed in the course of the disease. …”
Get full text

Endothelial Progenitor Cell Migration-Enhancing Factors in the Secretome of Placental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Witchayaporn Kamprom, Pakpoom Kheolamai, Yaowalak U-Pratya, Aungkura Supokawej, Methichit Wattanapanitch, Chuti Laowtammathron, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Surapol Issaragrisil

“…Therapeutic potentials of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) depend largely on their ability to secrete cytokines or factors that modulate immune response, enhance cell survival, and induce neovascularization in the target tissues. …”
Get full text

Is the Gut Microbiota a New Factor Contributing to Obesity and Its Metabolic Disorders? by Kristina Harris, Amira Kassis, Geneviève Major, Chieh J. Chou

“…The mechanisms by which the gut microbiota affects metabolic diseases are by two major routes: (1) the innate immune response to the structural components of bacteria (e.g., lipopolysaccharide) resulting in inflammation and (2) bacterial metabolites of dietary compounds (e.g., SCFA from fiber), which have biological activities that regulate host functions. …”
Get full text

Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, and Obesity: Role of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (orCCL2) in the Regulation of Metabolism by Anna Rull, Jordi Camps, Carlos Alonso-Villaverde, Jorge Joven

“…To maintain homeostasis under diverse metabolic conditions, it is necessary to coordinate nutrient-sensing pathways with the immune response. This coordination requires a complex relationship between cells, hormones, and cytokines in which inflammatory and metabolic pathways are convergent at multiple levels. …”
Get full text

Potential Use of Bisphosphonates in Invasive Extramammary Paget’s Disease: An Immunohistochemical Investigation by Taku Fujimura, Sadanori Furudate, Yumi Kambayashi, Setsuya Aiba

“…Among them, the abrogation of immunosuppressive cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC), by BPs might be one of the optimal methods to induce an antitumor immune response both locally and at sites remote from the tumor. …”
Get full text

The Tuberculous Granuloma: An Unsuccessful Host Defence Mechanism Providing a Safety Shelter for the Bacteria? by Mayra Silva Miranda, Adrien Breiman, Sophie Allain, Florence Deknuydt, Frederic Altare

“…One of the main features of the immune response to M. Tuberculosis is the formation of an organized structure called granuloma. …”
Get full text

Toll-Like Receptor-Based Strategies for Cancer Immunotherapy by Saghar Pahlavanneshan, Ali Sayadmanesh, Hamidreza Ebrahimiyan, Mohsen Basiri

“…There are plenty of data on the pharmacological targeting of TLR signaling using agonist molecules that boost the antitumor immune response. A recent body of research has also demonstrated promising strategies for improving the cell-based immunotherapy methods by inducing TLR signaling. …”
Get full text

Gene Carriers and Transfection Systems Used in the Recombination of Dendritic Cells for Effective Cancer Immunotherapy by Yu-Zhe Chen, Xing-Lei Yao, Yasuhiko Tabata, Shinsaku Nakagawa, Jian-Qing Gao

“…They play a vital role in the initiation of immune response by presenting antigens to T cells and followed by induction of T-cell response. …”
Get full text

ROLE OF POLYMORPHISM FOR THE PANE1 GENE IN THE FORMATION OF REPRODUCTIVE INDICES IN PIGS by N. S. Yudin, R. B. Aitnazarov, S. P. Knyazev, V. A. Bekenev, Yu. V. Podoba, A. B. Berdibaeva, M. I. Voevoda

“…Therefore, artificial selection of farm animals for reproductive indices may be accompanied by reduced immune response. Formerly, a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the PANE1 gene for a minor histocompatibility antigen was demonstrated to be positively associated with immunological blood indices and negatively associated with birthweight in Landrace pigs (Huang et al., 2010). …”
Get full text

Modulation of myeloid and T cells in vivo by Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by Li Zhang, Matthew Crocker, Lawrence Fong, Lisa M Coussens, Charles D Lopez, Shamilene Sivagnanam, Meenal Sinha, Brandon Chen, Jaqueline Marquez, Alexander Cheung, Whitney Tamaki, Jacob Stultz, Kendra Todd, Courtney Betts, Madeline J Griffith, Isabelle Solman, Eric Liu, Denise Pener, Anne Fahlman, Erin Taber, Kimberly Lerner, Brindha Rajagopalan, Clarisha Ware, Mark Bridge, Johnson Vo, Hannah Dragomanovich, Julie Sudduth-Klinger, Gina Vaccaro, Margaret Tempero

“…This led to a phase 1b clinical trial to determine the safety, tolerability, and immunologic effects of ibrutinib treatment in patients with advanced PDAC.Methods Previously untreated patients with PDAC were enrolled in a phase 1b clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov) to determine the safety, toxicity, and maximal tolerated dose of ibrutinib when administered with the standard regimen of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. To study the immune response to ibrutinib alone, the trial included an immune response arm where patients were administered with ibrutinib daily for a week followed by ibrutinib combined with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. …”
Get full text

Revealing the role of natural killer cells in ankylosing spondylitis: identifying diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets by Yuling Chen, Yan Li, Yuan Xu, Qing Lv, Yuanchun Ye, Jieruo Gu

“…IL2RB, CD247, PLEKHF1, EOMES, S1PR5, FGFBP2 from the MElightyellow module were identified as key genes involved in NK cell-mediated immune response and served as potential diagnostic biomarkers for AS, with moderate to high diagnostic values based on AUC values. …”
Get full text

Application of synbiotic with different probiotic doses to prevent vibriosis in humpback grouper by Dwi Agung Saputra, , Sukenda, , Widanarni

“…After a feeding trial period, there were observation of the bacterial counts in the fish intestine, the fish growth performance and immune response. Then all the grouper were challenged by Vibrio alginolyticus, except K (-). …”
Get full text

Inhibition of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in whiteleg shrimp reared in a biofloc system with different volumes by Surandha Bako, Widanarni Widanarni, Julie Ekasari, Munti Yuhana

“…Furthermore, the biofloc treatment with a volume of 15 mL/L demonstrated the best results compared to other treatments in decreasing PVC and V. parahaemolyticus population as evidenced by the immune response, survival rate, and growth performance of whiteleg shrimp.   …”
Get full text

Bifurcation analysis of multistability and hysteresis in a model of HIV infection by I. V. Mironov, M. Yu. Khristichenk, Yu. M. Nechepurenko, D. S. Grebennikov, G. A. Bocharov

“…HIV-1 control efforts with reliance on immunotherapy remain at a conceptual stage due to the complexity of a set of processes that regulate the dynamics of infection and immune response. For this reason, it is extremely important to use methods of mathematical modeling of HIV-1 infection dynamics for theoretical analysis of possibilities of reducing the viral load by affecting the immune system without the usage of antiviral therapy. …”
Get full text

Helminth Parasites and the Modulation of Joint Inflammation by Chelsea E. Matisz, Jason J. McDougall, Keith A. Sharkey, Derek M. McKay

“…Helminth parasites are accomplished masters at modifying their hosts' immune activity, and so attention has focused on rodent-helminth model systems to uncover the workings of the mammalian immune response to metazoan parasites, with the hope of revealing molecules and/or mechanisms that can be translated into better treatments for human autoimmune and idiopathic disorders. …”
Get full text

Age-Dependent Differences in Systemic and Cell-Autonomous Immunity to L. monocytogenes by Ashley M. Sherrid, Tobias R. Kollmann

“…Systemic immunity is crucial for all multicellular organisms, increasing in importance with increasing cellular complexity of the host. The systemic immune response to Listeria monocytogenes has been studied extensively in murine models; however, the clinical applicability of these findings to the human newborn remains incompletely understood. …”
Get full text

Potentiating intratumoral therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors: shifting the paradigm of multimodality therapeutics by B.E. Nelson, A. Naing, S. Fu, R.A. Sheth, R. Murthy, S. Piha-Paul

“…Overall, combining ITs with ICIs offers a rational strategy to potentiate antitumor immune response and overcome resistance. Further research is needed to optimize the combination strategies, identify biomarkers of response, and establish the safety and efficacy of these novel therapeutic approaches.…”
Get full text

Local C-Reactive Protein Expression in Obliterative Lesions and the Bronchial Wall in Posttransplant Obliterative Bronchiolitis by Outi E. Päiväniemi, Paula K. Maasilta, Tiina L. S. Vainikka, Hanni S. Alho, Pekka J. Karhunen, Ulla-Stina Salminen

“…Influx of CD4+ (P<.001) and CD8+ (P<.0001) cells demonstrated allograft immune response. CRP positivity simultaneously increased in the bronchial walls (P<.01), in macrophages, myofibroblasts, and endothelial cells. …”
Get full text

Vitamin D Potentiates the Inhibitory Effect of MicroRNA-130a in Hepatitis C Virus Replication Independent of Type I Interferon Signaling Pathway by Xiaoqiong Duan, Yujuan Guan, Yujia Li, Shan Chen, Shilin Li, Limin Chen

“…Our previous study established that miR-130a inhibits HCV replication by restoring the host innate immune response. We aimed to determine whether there is additive inhibitory effect of calcitriol and miR-130a on HCV replication. …”
Get full text

Lung and Gut Microbiota as Potential Hidden Driver of Immunotherapy Efficacy in Lung Cancer by Carmine Carbone, Geny Piro, Vincenzo Di Noia, Ettore D’Argento, Emanuele Vita, Miriam Grazia Ferrara, Sara Pilotto, Michele Milella, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giampaolo Tortora, Emilio Bria

“…In this review, we discuss some of the major findings depicting bacteria as crucial gatekeeper for the immune response against tumor and their role as driver of immunotherapy efficacy in lung cancer with a special focus on the distinctive role of gut and lung microbiota in the efficacy of immunotherapy treatment.…”
Get full text