Infection Dynamics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Wild-type and Delta Variant of Concern in a Pediatric Cohort in Southern India by Asha Jyothi Penugonda, Deepayan Biswas, Murugan Thimiri Palani, Sangeetha Priya, Rajesh Kumar Subaschandrabose, Koshy Alan Valiaveetil, Belavendra Antonisamy, Rajeev Zachariah Kompithra, Leni Grace Mathew, Mahesh Moorthy

“…Background: Dynamics, severity, and immune response of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection vary between children and adults. …”
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Synthesis of Interleukin-10 in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Helicobacter pylori Infection by Jesús K. Yamamoto-Furusho, Gabriela Fonseca-Camarillo, Carlos A. Barrera-Ochoa, Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda

“…IL-10 is a regulatory cytokine that plays a central role in limiting host immune response to pathogen. Increased IL-10 levels were reported in H. pylori–infected gastric mucosa. …”
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Risk factors for re-hospitalization within 90 days of discharge for severe influenza in children by Shuo Yang, Sukun Lu, Can Qi, Yinghui Guo, Le Wang

“…Conclusions Our findings suggest that, to reduce the potential readmission of children with severe influenza, a sustained focus on the risk factors including rhinosinusitis and over-activated host immune response during the index hospitalization is needed.…”
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Unique or not unique? Comparative genetic analysis of bacterial O-antigens from the Oxalobacteraceae family by S. D. Afonnikova, A. S. Komissarov, P. D. Kuchur

“…Depending on the characteristics of its components, the bacteria can avoid the host’s immune response or establish a mutualistic relationship with it. …”
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The role of inflammasomes in hepatocellular carcinoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic insights by Valentina Arrè, Roberto Negro, Gianluigi Giannelli

“…Inflammasomes, the multiprotein complexes that launch the innate immune response, emerge as important mediators in the pathogenesis of HCC. …”
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Visceral Leishmaniasis and Herpes Zoster as a Component of Syndrome of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an HIV-Positive Patient by Ermira Muço, Arta Karruli, Neada Hoxha, Alma Hoxhaj, Majlinda Kokici

“…Immune reconstitution syndrome (IRIS) is a state of unusual hyperinflammatory response against latent infections which occurs after CD4 cell count improvement and as a consequence of immune response once highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV is introduced. …”
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Granzyme B PET Imaging Stratifies Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Julian L. Goggi, Boominathan Ramasamy, Yun Xuan Tan, Siddesh V. Hartimath, Jun Rong Tang, Peter Cheng, Rasha Msallam, Ann-Marie Chacko, You Yi Hwang, Edward G. Robins

“…FACS indicated significant changes in the immune environment including a decrease in immune suppressive CD4+ T regulatory cells and increases in tumour-associated GZB+ NK+ cells, which correlated well with tumour radiopharmaceutical uptake. While the immune response to ICI therapies differs in HCC compared to many other cancers, [18F]AlF-mNOTA-GZP retention is able to stratify response to ICI therapy associated with tumour infiltrating GZB+ NK+ cells in this complex tumour microenvironment.…”
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Release of Type 2 Cytokines by Epithelial Cells of Nasal Polyps by Monica Boita, Caterina Bucca, Giuseppe Riva, Enrico Heffler, Giovanni Rolla

“…CRSwNP epithelial cells release TSLP and IL-25 when stimulated by poly(I:C) but not by DP or AF, suggesting that viral infection may contribute to maintain and amplify the T2 immune response seen in CRSwNP.…”
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Genetic studies of normal tension glaucoma by D.Yu. Plotnikov, E.V. Valeeva

“…In addition, an association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the Toll-like receptor 4 gene with NTG was revealed. Altered immune response and enhanced apoptosis may also play a role in NTG pathogenesis. …”
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Fish-derived hepcidins in cancer treatment: a scoping review by Wan-Atirah Azemin, Syarifah Ab Rashid, Noraini Philip, Abdul Manaf Ali, Mohd Shahir Shamsir

“…Result Analysis of 881 publications revealed research distribution across four main categories: immune response (60.07%), antimicrobial peptides (17.65%), iron homeostasis (13.69%), and cancer research (2.94%). …”
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Expression and Secretion of CXCL-8 and CXCL-10 From Mycobacterium Bovis BCG-Infected Human Epithelial Cells: Role of IL-4 by Patricia Méndez-Samperio, Elena Miranda, Abraham Vázquez

“…Collectively, these data demonstrate that M. bovis BCG-infected human epithelial cells can have an active role in a local inflammatory immune response via the secretion of CXC chemokines which can be selectively regulated by Th2-derived cytokines.…”
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Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Could Affect NLRP3 Inflammasome Level by Refif Sabih Al-Shawk, Zainab Fadhel Ashoor, Wasan Abdul-elah Bakir, Intisar Manfi Ahmed

“…Objectives: This study was conducted to ensure that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) glycemic control could affect mitochondrial stress through NLRP3 inflammasome level leading to an aberrant immune response. Materials and Methods: A case–control study was conducted on 90 Iraqi subjects, 60 of them were T2DM who were subgrouped into 30 patients with good glycemic control (HbA1c ≤ 7%) and the second group with 30 patients with poor (bad) glycemic control (HbA1c > 7%). …”
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Neuropathology-based approach reveals novel Alzheimer's Disease genes and highlights female-specific pathways and causal links to disrupted lipid metabolism: insights into a viciou... by Yin Jin, Apostolia Topaloudi, Sudhanshu Shekhar, Guangxin Chen, Alicia Nicole Scott, Bryce David Colon, Petros Drineas, Chris Rochet, Peristera Paschou

“…Finally, through PheWAS and Mendelian Randomization analysis, we identify causal links with AD neuropathology pointing to disrupted lipid metabolism, as well as impaired peripheral immune response and liver dysfunction as part of a vicious cycle that fuels neurodegeneration.…”
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Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae by Kiana Karimi, Omid Zarei, Parinaz Sedighi, Mohammad Taheri, Amin Doosti-Irani, Leili Shokoohizadeh

“…The ability of biofilm formation in this bacterium decreases the host immune response and antibiotic efficacy. This may impose a huge impact on patients and healthcare settings. …”
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High expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 1 correlates with poor prognosis and immune cell infiltration in Glioblastoma Multiforme patients by Hongyang Zhao, Beiwu Lan, Zenghui Zhao, Peining Zhu, Chong Wang, Yufei Gao

“…GSEA and enrichment analysis revealed that NOD1 might play a vital role in immune response and GBM progression. TIMER analysis showed a positive correlation between NOD1 expression and 17 types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. …”
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Molecularly Distinct NLRP3 Inducers Mediate Diverse Ratios of Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-18 from Human Monocytes by Kristine Midtbö, Daniel Eklund, Eva Särndahl, Alexander Persson

“…IL-1β is an important mediator of the acute phase response to infections and tissue damage, whereas IL-18 takes part in activation and tailoring of the adaptive immune response. While IL-1β has served as the prototypic indicator of inflammasome activation, few studies have compared the potential differences in IL-1β and IL-18 production during inflammasome activation. …”
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Rosuvastatin effects on the HDL proteome in hyperlipidemic patients by Vavlukis Ana, Mladenovska Kristina, Davalieva Katarina, Vavlukis Marija, Dimovski Aleksandar

“…Sixty-nine HDL proteins were identified, belonging to four main biological function clusters: lipid transport and metabolism; platelet activation, degranulation, and aggregation, wound response and wound healing; immune response; inflammatory and acute phase response. …”
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The role of M1/M2 macrophage polarization in the pathogenesis of obesity-related kidney disease and related pathologies by Periklis Dousdampanis, Ioanna Aggeletopoulou, Ioanna Aggeletopoulou, Athanasia Mouzaki

“…Among the immune cells of the innate and adaptive immune response involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases, macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammation associated with CKD. …”
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Clinical manifestations in Egyptian Pompe disease patients: Molecular variability and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) outcomes by Mohamed Abdelghafar Hussein, Heba ElTaher, Ranim Mahmoud, Donia Sobh, Mohammad Al-Haggar

“…The patient with a positive immune response had the most severe cardiac abnormalities, despite improvements in muscle weakness and motor skills from ERT. …”
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Investigation of the association between circulating inflammatory proteins and encephalitis risk in Europeans by two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis by Yanwei Liu, Xilong Wang, Qiang Zhao, Jun Wei, Shiqiang Yang

“…BackgroundCytokines are powerful immune response factors that operate at inflammation sites and are also found in the blood. …”
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