The Vibrio type VI secretion system induces intestinal macrophage redistribution and enhanced intestinal motility by Julia S. Ngo, Piyush Amitabh, Jonah G. Sokoloff, Calvin Trinh, Travis J. Wiles, Karen Guillemin, Raghuveer Parthasarathy

“…Our observations reveal a mechanism in which cellular rearrangements, rather than bespoke biochemical signaling, drives a dynamic neuro-immune response to bacterial activity.…”
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Targeting natural antioxidant polyphenols to protect neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases: a comprehensive review by Maroua Jalouli, Md Ataur Rahman, Partha Biswas, Hasanur Rahman, Abdel Halim Harrath, In-Seon Lee, In-Seon Lee, Sojin Kang, Jinwon Choi, Moon Nyeo Park, Bonglee Kim, Bonglee Kim

“…Furthermore, polyphenols have demonstrated their therapeutic potential through the regulation of key signaling pathways such as Akt, Nrf2, STAT, and MAPK, which play critical roles in neuroprotection and the body’s immune response. This review emphasizes the growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of polyphenols in combating neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, as well as enhancing brain health. …”
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Celecoxib Improves Host Defense through Prostaglandin Inhibition during Histoplasma capsulatum Infection by Priscilla Aparecida Tartari Pereira, Bruno Caetano Trindade, Adriana Secatto, Roberto Nicolete, Camila Peres-Buzalaf, Simone Gusmão Ramos, Ruxana Sadikot, Claudia da Silva Bitencourt, Lúcia Helena Faccioli

“…These results suggest that prostaglandins alter the host immune response and play an important role in the pathogenesis of histoplasmosis. …”
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Validation of a Novel Immunoline Assay for Patient Stratification according to Virulence of the Infecting Helicobacter pylori Strain and Eradication Status by Luca Formichella, Laura Romberg, Hannelore Meyer, Christian Bolz, Michael Vieth, Michael Geppert, Gereon Göttner, Christina Nölting, Wolfgang Schepp, Arne Schneider, Kurt Ulm, Petra Wolf, Ingrid Lisanne Holster, Ernst J. Kuipers, Bernd Birkner, Erwin Soutschek, Markus Gerhard

“…Their immune response frequencies and intensities against all antigens except CagA declined below the detection limit. …”
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Systematic dissection of pleiotropic loci and critical regulons in excitatory neurons and microglia relevant to neuropsychiatric and ocular diseases by Yunlong Ma, Dingping Jiang, Jingjing Li, Gongwei Zheng, Yao Deng, Xuanxuan Gou, Shuaishuai Gao, Cheng Chen, Yijun Zhou, Yaru Zhang, Chunyu Deng, Yinghao Yao, Haijun Han, Jianzhong Su

“…Functionally, excitatory neuron-specific regulons were involved in axon guidance and synaptic activity, while microglia-specific regulons were associated with immune response and cell activation. In sum, these findings underscore the genetic link between psychiatric disorders and ocular diseases.…”
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Increased TLR4 Expression Aggravates Sepsis by Promoting IFN-γ Expression in CD38−/− Mice by Qi Li, Chenyi Wu, Zhenlong Liu, Huiqing Zhang, Yuna Du, Yuxiang Liu, Kuangyu Song, Qiaofa Shi, Rong Li

“…Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin in Gram-negative bacteria and is recognized specifically by TLR4, which initiates innate immune response. Also, TLR4 signaling pathway activation is essential in response to LPS infection. …”
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Multi-omics integration and immune profiling identify possible causal networks leading to uterine microbiome dysbiosis in dairy cows that develop metritis by S. Casaro, J. G. Prim, T. D. Gonzalez, F. Cunha, A. C. M. Silva, H. Yu, R. S. Bisinotto, R. C. Chebel, J. E. P. Santos, C. D. Nelson, S. J. Jeon, R. C. Bicalho, J. P. Driver, Klibs N. Galvão

“…Abstract Background Cows that develop metritis experience dysbiosis of their uterine microbiome, where opportunistic pathogens overtake uterine commensals. An effective immune response is critical for maintaining uterine health. …”
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Comparison of BCG Tokyo172 Strain Induction Therapy Between Low Dose and Standard Dose for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Intravesical Instillation of BCG Tokyo172 Strain by Hideyuki Isobe, Fumitaka Shimizu, Takeshi Ieda, So Nakamura, Naoko Takazawa, Hanna Suetsugu, Kazunori Kajino, Shu Hirai, Hisashi Hirano, Katsuhito Yuzawa, Shigeo Horie

“…Age-related differences in the immune response to BCG may influence these relapse patterns.…”
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Exploration of metastasis-related signatures in osteosarcoma based on tumor microenvironment by integrated bioinformatic analysis by Shiyao Liao, Xing Gao, Kai Zhou, Yao Kang, Lichen Ji, Xugang Zhong, Jun Lv

“…These DEGs basically played fundamental roles in immune response relevant GO terms and were clustered into 9 different modules. …”
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Pathogenic and periodontal bacteria may contribute to the fatal outcome of critically ill elderly COVID-19 patients by L. Johana Madroñero, Eliana P. Calvo, Carolina Coronel-Ruiz, Myriam L. Velandia-Romero, María Angélica Calderón-Peláez, Jhann A. Arturo, Adriana P. Franco-Rodríguez, Ricardo Gutiérrez-Pérez, Lady S. López, Félix G. Delgado, Sigrid J. Camacho-Ortega, Lilia J. Bernal-Cepeda, Sonia P. Bohórquez, Jaime E. Castellanos

“…Our results highlighted a dual relationship between SARS CoV-2 infection and an exacerbated periodontopathogen-induced immune response.…”
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Identification of cepharanthine as an effective inhibitor of African swine fever virus replication by Chuanxiang Qi, Jiyoung Lee, Yongqiang Zhang, Huan Chen, Jiaxuan Lv, Zhenzhong Wang, Jinming Li, Xiaodong Wu, Yong-Sam Jung, Zhiliang Wang, Yingjuan Qian

“…ASFV infection dramatically altered immune response-associated gene expression. CEP treatment upregulated the expression of cholesterol biosynthesis-related genes, regardless of infection status. …”
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Early Differentiation of Human CD11c+NK Cells with γδ T Cell Activation Properties Is Promoted by Dialyzable Leukocyte Extracts by Dalia Ramírez-Ramírez, Eduardo Vadillo, Lourdes Andrea Arriaga-Pizano, Héctor Mayani, Sergio Estrada-Parra, Marco Antonio Velasco-Velázquez, Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia, Rosana Pelayo

“…Reconstitution of the hematopoietic system during immune responses and immunological and neoplastic diseases or upon transplantation depends on the emergent differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells within the bone marrow. …”
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Sex-specific alterations in creatine metabolism in cellular compartments of peripheral blood leukocytes in type 1 diabetes by Nina Alchujyan, Elena Aghajanova, Nina Movsesyan, Arthur Melkonyan, Artashes Guevorkian, Armen Andreasyan, Margarita Hovhannisyan

“…The creatine (Cr)/creatine kinase (CK) system plays a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism, glucose control, and the immune response. This study aimed to investigate this system in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of Armenians with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who received insulin therapy. …”
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Fortifying plant fortresses: siderophores in defense against Cercospora leaf spot disease in Vigna radiata L. by Anushree Kamath, Abhishek Sharma, Arpit Shukla, Arpit Shukla, Arpit Shukla, Paritosh Parmar, Dhara Patel

“…Total phenolic content was highest in SP15 (100 µg/mL), showing a a ramified immune response whereas S15 recorded 80 µg/mL, significantly above the control. …”
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Mucosal SARS-CoV-2 S1 adenovirus-based vaccine elicits robust systemic and mucosal immunity and protects against disease in animals by Najwa D. Aljehani, Levi Tamming, Muhammad Yasir Khan, Rwaa H. Abdulal, Mohamed A. Alfaleh, Aishah Ghazwani, Asalah Helal, Reem M. Alsulaiman, Mohammad A. Sanki, Khalid Alluhaybi, Farah Ayman Sukareh, Rahaf H. Alharbi, Faris H. Alyami, M-Zaki ElAssouli, Salima Shebbo, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Abdullah Algaissi, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Mohammad Basabrain, Diana Duque, Jegarubee Bavananthasivam, Wangxue Chen, Lisheng Wang, Simon Sauve, Turki S. Abujamel, Tarfa Altorki, Rowa Alhabbab, Anh Tran, Xuguang Li, Anwar M. Hashem

“…Our findings indicate that both vaccinations were effective in stimulating strong and long-lasting immune responses, both locally and across the body, when administered through either IM or IN methods. …”
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Transcriptome analysis of ovarian cancer uncovers association between tumor-related inflammation/immunity and patient outcome by Jingfang Wang, Wenrui Zhu, Xia Li, Yuanyuan Wu, Wenhui Ma, Yangzhou Wang, Weihong Zhao, Fang Wei, Wenhao Wang

“…Further analysis revealed that the high-risk group had a higher abundance of M2-type macrophage infiltration, more active anti-tumor immune response, higher tumor stemness score, potentially worse prognosis, and lower response rates to multiple chemotherapy drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors.ConclusionThese findings provide new perspectives and potential targets for immunotherapy and prognostic evaluation of ovarian cancer and offer new strategies and directions for clinical treatment and patient management. …”
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Neopterin and Beta-2 Microglobulin Relations to Immunity and Inflammatory Status in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients by Celina Wojciechowska, Jan Wodniecki, Romuald Wojnicz, Ewa Romuk, Wojciech Jacheć, Andrzej Tomasik, Bronisława Skrzep-Poloczek, Beata Spinczyk, Ewa Nowalany-Kozielska

“…Neopterin but not β-2 microglobulin concentration reflected immune response in biopsy specimens. Neopterin correlated with acute phase proteins and stage of heart failure and may indicate a general immune and inflammatory activation in heart failure.…”
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Rescue of in vitro models of CSF1R-related adult-onset leukodystrophy by iluzanebart: mechanisms and therapeutic implications of TREM2 agonism by Kelley C. Larson, Frederick W. Gergits, Abigail J. Renoux, Elizabeth J. Weisman, Borislav Dejanovic, Liyue Huang, Bhaumik Pandya, Donald G. McLaren, Berkley A. Lynch, Richard Fisher, Evan Thackaberry, David Gray, Francois Gaudreault, Christian Mirescu

“…Differentially expressed genes identified in the hippocampus of mice treated with iluzanebart were exemplary of TREM2 activation and were related to cell proliferation, regulation of inflammatory processes, and innate immune response pathways. Proliferation of microglia, changes in protein levels of specific chemokines identified by gene expression analysis, and increased CSF1R levels were also confirmed in vivo. …”
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IRG1/itaconate enhances efferocytosis by activating Nrf2-TIM4 signaling pathway to alleviate con A induced autoimmune liver injury by Liwu Zeng, Yaxin Wang, Yongzhou Huang, Wenchang Yang, Pei Zhou, Yaqi Wan, Kaixiong Tao, Ruidong Li

“…Abstract Immune response gene 1 (IRG1) is highly expressed in mitochondria of macrophages in a pro-inflammatory state. …”
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Effect of diet containing alfalfa (Medicago sativa) powder and leaf extract on hemolymph factors of western whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) under low salinity stress by Kobra Babanejad Abkenar, Arash Akbarzadeh, Ahmad Noori, Mohammad Niroomand

“…A higher proportion of semi-granular cells in the western whiteleg shrimp indicate a stronger immune response. Additionally, xanthophyll and loliolide in alfalfa have germicidal properties and help to improve the survival rate. …”
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