Molecular Mechanism of Macrophage Activation by Red Ginseng Acidic Polysaccharide from Korean Red Ginseng by Se Eun Byeon, Jaehwi Lee, Ji Hye Kim, Woo Seok Yang, Yi-Seong Kwak, Sun Young Kim, Eui Su Choung, Man Hee Rhee, Jae Youl Cho

“…Even though numerous studies have been reported, the mechanism as to how RGAP is able to stimulate the immune response is not clear. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism of molecular activation of RGAP in macrophages. …”
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The composition of peripheral immunocompetent cell subpopulations and cytokine content in the brain structures of mutant Disc1-Q31L mice by M. M. Gevorgyan, S. Ya. Zhanaeva, E. L. Alperina, T. V. Lipina, G. V. Idova

“…In addition, the content of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 was increased in the frontal cortex, while IL-10 amount was decreased in the hippocampus. Immune response to sheep red blood cells analyzed by the number of antibody-forming cells in the spleen was higher in Disc1-Q31L mice at the peak of the reaction than in WT mice. …”
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HDAC6 Facilitates PRV and VSV Infection by Inhibiting Type I Interferon Production by Hu Zheng, Xiaohui Yang, Haiwen Zhong, Changxu Song, Zhenfang Wu, Huaqiang Yang

“…This work demonstrates that HDAC6 affects the infection process of multiple viruses by modulating type I IFN production, highlighting a regulatory role of HDAC6 linking host immune response and viral infection levels in pig cells.…”
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Genomic characterization and evolutionary analysis of a Getah virus variant from piglets in central China by Zhenhua Guo, Yao Jiang, Peng Li, Gaiping Zhang, Gaiping Zhang, Gaiping Zhang, Gaiping Zhang

“…Most of these special sites were distributed in domain A, B, and C of E2 protein, which are usually associated with the GETV infection and immune response.DiscussionOur study expands knowledge of GETV pathogenicity and deepens understanding of GETV genetic and adaptive evolution, which would be valuable for the development of diagnosis and prevention for GETV.…”
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Potato spindle tuber viroid by A. V. Kochetov, A. Y. Pronozin, N. V. Shatskaya, D. A. Afonnikov, O. S. Afanasenko

“…PSTVd infection induces the immune response in host plants. There are PSTVd strains with a severe, a moderate or a mild pathological effect. …”
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Smallpox vaccination in a mouse model by S. N. Shchelkunov, A. A. Sergeev, S. A. Pyankov, K. A. Titova, S. N. Yakubitskiy

“…Intramuscular vaccination cannot elicit an active immune response, since tissues at the vaccination site are immunologically poor. …”
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Radiofrequency ablation combined with immunotherapy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive review by Gui-Lin Xie, Zhi-Han Zhong, Tai-Wei Ye, Zun-Qiang Xiao

“…This combined strategy has the ability to enhance the anti-tumor immune response through synergies, significantly reduce the risk of recurrence and improve survival. …”
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Identification and Characterization of the <i>ROP GTPase</i> Gene Family in Strawberry and the Positive Role of <i>FveROP4</i> in Fruit Resistance to Gray Mold by Shuai Zhao, Baode Zhu, Zhijun Zou, Yushan Zhai, Sufeng Liao, Ming Xu, Kunyang Li, Nasir Mehmood, Xiong Liao

“…The study findings may provide valuable insights for investigating the mechanisms of ROP signaling in regulating the immune response in strawberries and could significantly contribute to strawberry breeding programs aimed at developing new cultivars with enhanced fruit shelf life.…”
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Polysaccharide Fraction Isolated from <i>Saccharina japonica</i> Exhibits Anti-Cancer Effects Through Immunostimulating Activities by Min Seung Park, Seung-U Son, Tae Eun Kim, Se Hyun Shim, Bong-Keun Jang, Sunyoung Park, Kwang-Soon Shin

“…The fucoidan fraction stimulated the immune response of macrophages more strongly than the alginate fraction. …”
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Chromatin accessibility and differentially expressed genes profiling in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) head kidney cells following iridovirus infection by Chaowei Song, Ying Huang, Fang Han, Zhiyong Wang, Zhiyong Wang

“…Additionally, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to analyze the expression pattern of immune response genes upon LYCIV infection.ResultsSubstantial alterations in chromatin accessibility were observed, particularly in the regulatory regions of key immune-related genes. …”
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Transcriptomic and Functional Landscape of Adult Human Spinal Cord NSPCs Compared to iPSC-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells by Sasi Kumar Jagadeesan, Ahmad Galuta, Ryan Vimukthi Sandarage, Eve Chung Tsai

“…Conversely, iPSC-SC NSPCs displayed significant heterogeneity, suboptimal regional specification, and elevated expression of neural crest and immune response-associated genes. Functional assays corroborated the transcriptomic findings, demonstrating superior neurogenic potential in iPSC-Br NSPCs. …”
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Macrophage-inherited exosome excise tumor immunosuppression to expedite immune-activated ferroptosis by Yan Liu, Junjie Liu, Qin Wang, Kun Zhang, Chunyan Zhu, Duo Wang, Guanhua Qiu, Xiaoqi Zhu, Chao Fang

“…The delivered RSL3 that serves as a common ferroptosis inducer can reduce the levels of ferroptosis hallmarkers (eg, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase 4), break the redox homeostasis to magnify oxidative stress accumulation, promote the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, and induce robust ferroptosis of tumor cells, accompanied with which systematic immune response activation can bbe realized. M1 macrophage-derived exosomes can inherit more functions and genetic substances than nanovesicles since nanovesicles inevitably suffer from substance and function loss caused by extrusion-arised structural damage.Results Inspired by it, spontaneous homing to tumor and M2-like macrophage polarization into M1-like ones are attained, which not only significantly magnify oxidative stress but also mitigate ITM including M2-like macrophage polarization and regulatory T cell decrease, and regulate death pathways.Conclusions All these actions accomplish a synergistic antitumor enhancement against tumor progression, thus paving a general route to mitigate ITM, activate immune responses, and magnify ferroptosis.…”
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Explore Alteration of Lung and Gut Microbiota in a Murine Model of OVA-Induced Asthma Treated by CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides by Wang Q, Ji J, Xiao S, Wang J, Yan X, Fang L

“…Beneficial bacteria and metabolites take up microecological advantages, regulate immune cells and participate in the mucosal immune response to protect the immune barrier. Meanwhile, Oscillospira and Clostridium as biomarkers for CpG-ODN treatment, has reference significance for exploring precise Fecal microbiota transplantation treatment for asthma.Keywords: microbiota, lung-gut axis, CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides, 16S ribosomal RNA, asthma…”
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Chlorophytum borivilianum Polysaccharide Fraction Provokes the Immune Function and Disease Resistance of Labeo rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila by Sib Sankar Giri, Shib Sankar Sen, Cheng Chi, Hyoun Joong Kim, Saekil Yun, Se Chang Park, V. Sukumaran

“…From these results, we recommend that CBP administration at 0.4% for 4 weeks could effectively improve immune response and disease resistance in L. rohita.…”
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Vaginal Microbiota Diversity of Patients with Embryonic Miscarriage by Using 16S rDNA High-Throughput Sequencing by Linfen Xu, Lingna Huang, Chengying Lian, Huili Xue, Yanfang Lu, Xiujuan Chen, Yong Xia

“…This finding suggested that the immune response was suppressed in the embryonic miscarriage group. …”
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A systematic review of circulating IP-10/CXCL10 in patients with Plasmodium infections in relation to disease severity by Manas Kotepui, Aongart Mahittikorn, Frederick Ramirez Masangkay, Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui

“…Abstract Interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa (IP-10) or C–X–C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) is produced and secreted from specific leukocytes such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes, which play key roles in the immune response to Plasmodium infections. This systematic review aimed to collate and critically appraise the current evidence on IP-10 levels in malaria patients. …”
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Platelet membrane biomimetic nanomedicine induces dual glutathione consumption for enhancing cancer radioimmunotherapy by Xiaopeng Li, Yang Zhong, Pengyuan Qi, Daoming Zhu, Chenglong Sun, Nan Wei, Yang Zhang, Zhanggui Wang

“…This nanodrug combines dual GSH depletion, starvation therapy, and RT to promote immunogenic cell death and stimulate the systemic immune response. In the bilateral tumor model in vivo, distal tumor growth was also well suppressed. …”
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Intranasal Immunization with DNA Vaccine HA-CCL19/Polyethylenimine/Chitosan Composite Provides Immune Protection Against H7N9 Infection by Yuqing Xiang, Hongbo Zhang, Youcai An, Ze Chen

“…Methods: In this study; BALB/c mice were utilized as a model to investigate the effect of CCL19 as a molecular adjuvant and to determine the immune response elicited by polyethylene imine (PEI) and chitosan (CS) as adjuvants during the delivery of a DNA vaccine through the nasal mucosal route. …”
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Characterization of Interleukin-15-Transpresenting Dendritic Cells for Clinical Use by J. M. J. Van den Bergh, E. L. J. M. Smits, M. Versteven, H. De Reu, Z. N. Berneman, V. F. I. Van Tendeloo, E. Lion

“…In this context, we redesigned our currently clinically used DC vaccine generation protocol to enable transpresentation of interleukin- (IL-) 15 to IL-15Rβγ-expressing cells aiming at boosting the antitumor immune response. In this study, we demonstrate that upon electroporation with both IL-15 and IL-15Rα-encoding messenger RNA, mature DC become highly positive for surface IL-15, without influencing the expression of prototypic mature DC markers and with preservation of their cytokine-producing capacity and their migratory profile. …”
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Immunotherapy in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer by Keyao Chen, Jingjing Wang, Meng Yang, Shaoqiong Deng, Li Sun

“…Immunotherapy offers potential advantages in modulating the immune response against tumor cells and has emerged as a promising strategy in ovarian cancer management. …”
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