Visceral Leishmaniasis and Herpes Zoster as a Component of Syndrome of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an HIV-Positive Patient by Ermira Muço, Arta Karruli, Neada Hoxha, Alma Hoxhaj, Majlinda Kokici

“…Immune reconstitution syndrome (IRIS) is a state of unusual hyperinflammatory response against latent infections which occurs after CD4 cell count improvement and as a consequence of immune response once highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV is introduced. …”
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Granzyme B PET Imaging Stratifies Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Julian L. Goggi, Boominathan Ramasamy, Yun Xuan Tan, Siddesh V. Hartimath, Jun Rong Tang, Peter Cheng, Rasha Msallam, Ann-Marie Chacko, You Yi Hwang, Edward G. Robins

“…FACS indicated significant changes in the immune environment including a decrease in immune suppressive CD4+ T regulatory cells and increases in tumour-associated GZB+ NK+ cells, which correlated well with tumour radiopharmaceutical uptake. While the immune response to ICI therapies differs in HCC compared to many other cancers, [18F]AlF-mNOTA-GZP retention is able to stratify response to ICI therapy associated with tumour infiltrating GZB+ NK+ cells in this complex tumour microenvironment.…”
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Towards designing improved cancer immunotherapy targets with a peptide-MHC-I presentation model, HLApollo by William John Thrift, Nicolas W. Lounsbury, Quade Broadwell, Amy Heidersbach, Emily Freund, Yassan Abdolazimi, Qui T. Phung, Jieming Chen, Aude-Hélène Capietto, Ann-Jay Tong, Christopher M. Rose, Craig Blanchette, Jennie R. Lill, Benjamin Haley, Lélia Delamarre, Richard Bourgon, Kai Liu, Suchit Jhunjhunwala

“…Antigen presentation on MHC class I (MHC-I) is crucial for the adaptive immune response to cancer cells, necessitating highly predictive computational methods to model this phenomenon. …”
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Release of Type 2 Cytokines by Epithelial Cells of Nasal Polyps by Monica Boita, Caterina Bucca, Giuseppe Riva, Enrico Heffler, Giovanni Rolla

“…CRSwNP epithelial cells release TSLP and IL-25 when stimulated by poly(I:C) but not by DP or AF, suggesting that viral infection may contribute to maintain and amplify the T2 immune response seen in CRSwNP.…”
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Genome-wide maps of highly-similar intrachromosomal repeats that can mediate ectopic recombination in three human genome assemblies by Luis Fernandez-Luna, Carlos Aguilar-Perez, Christopher M. Grochowski, Michele G. Mehaffey, Claudia M.B. Carvalho, Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui

“…Olfactory receptors and immune response genes were enriched among those impacted.…”
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Endometritis and In Vitro PGE2 Challenge Modify Properties of Cattle Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Transcriptomic Profile by Evelyn Lara, Alejandra Velásquez, Joel Cabezas, Nathaly Rivera, Paulina Pacha, Lleretny Rodríguez-Alvarez, Fernando Saravia, Fidel Ovidio Castro

“…The pathways affected the most by the PGE2 challenge were immune response, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. …”
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The Role of Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Celiac Disease by A. I. Khavkin, E. V. Loshkova, E. I. Kondratieva, N. S. Shapovalova, I. R. Grishkevich, I. V. Doroshenko, G. N. Yankina

“…Impaired macrophage function/differentiation results in either inadequate, excessive immune activation or failure to mount effective protective immune responses against pathogens, which may result in the development of gastrointestinal diseases. …”
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Genetic studies of normal tension glaucoma by D.Yu. Plotnikov, E.V. Valeeva

“…In addition, an association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the Toll-like receptor 4 gene with NTG was revealed. Altered immune response and enhanced apoptosis may also play a role in NTG pathogenesis. …”
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Fish-derived hepcidins in cancer treatment: a scoping review by Wan-Atirah Azemin, Syarifah Ab Rashid, Noraini Philip, Abdul Manaf Ali, Mohd Shahir Shamsir

“…Result Analysis of 881 publications revealed research distribution across four main categories: immune response (60.07%), antimicrobial peptides (17.65%), iron homeostasis (13.69%), and cancer research (2.94%). …”
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Expression and Secretion of CXCL-8 and CXCL-10 From Mycobacterium Bovis BCG-Infected Human Epithelial Cells: Role of IL-4 by Patricia Méndez-Samperio, Elena Miranda, Abraham Vázquez

“…Collectively, these data demonstrate that M. bovis BCG-infected human epithelial cells can have an active role in a local inflammatory immune response via the secretion of CXC chemokines which can be selectively regulated by Th2-derived cytokines.…”
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Impact of Obesity-Associated SARS-CoV-2 Mutations on COVID-19 Severity and Clinical Outcomes by Ana B. Martínez-Martinez, Alexander Tristancho-Baró, Beatriz Garcia-Rodriguez, Marina Clavel-Millan, Maria Pilar Palacian, Ana Milagro, Antonio Rezusta, Jose M. Arbones-Mainar

“…Notably, C14599T appeared to be protective against hospitalization, suggesting context-dependent effects, while A20268G was linked to a 50% increase in hospitalization risk and elevated antibody levels, potentially indicating an adaptive immune response. C313T showed a 428% increase in mortality risk, marking it as a possible poor-prognosis marker. …”
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Regulation of Tumor Immunity by Tumor/Dendritic Cell Fusions by Shigeo Koido, Sadamu Homma, Eiichi Hara, Yoshihisa Namiki, Akitaka Takahara, Hideo Komita, Eijiro Nagasaki, Masaki Ito, Toshifumi Ohkusa, Jianlin Gong, Hisao Tajiri

“…Although DCs-based vaccine such as fusions of whole tumor cells and DCs has been proven to be clinically safe and is efficient to enhance antitumor immune responses for inducing effective immune response and for breaking T-cell tolerance to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), only a limited success has occurred in clinical trials. …”
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Elevated Circulating IL-1β and TNF-Alpha, and Unaltered IL-6 in First-Trimester Pregnancies Complicated by Threatened Abortion With an Adverse Outcome by Nicolaos Vitoratos, Constantinos Papadias, Emmanuel Economou, Evangelos Makrakis, Constantinos Panoulis, George Creatsas

“…It is concluded that in first-trimester TACP with adverse outcome, a distinct immune response, as reflected by elevated maternal IL-1β, TNF-alpha, and unaltered IL-6 levels, is relevant to a negative obstetric outcome.…”
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Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Could Affect NLRP3 Inflammasome Level by Refif Sabih Al-Shawk, Zainab Fadhel Ashoor, Wasan Abdul-elah Bakir, Intisar Manfi Ahmed

“…Objectives: This study was conducted to ensure that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) glycemic control could affect mitochondrial stress through NLRP3 inflammasome level leading to an aberrant immune response. Materials and Methods: A case–control study was conducted on 90 Iraqi subjects, 60 of them were T2DM who were subgrouped into 30 patients with good glycemic control (HbA1c ≤ 7%) and the second group with 30 patients with poor (bad) glycemic control (HbA1c > 7%). …”
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Electrochemical sensors for the detection of immune checkpoint related proteins and their role in cancer companion diagnostics by Louise Barnaby, Andrew G. Watts, Pedro Estrela

“…Many immune checkpoint related proteins show potential as biomarkers for ICI success, such as the checkpoint proteins themselves, cytokines, interleukins and other immune response related proteins. The most investigated checkpoint inhibitor protein is Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is used as a biomarker in clinical diagnostic tests but, with some limitations. …”
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Neuropathology-based approach reveals novel Alzheimer's Disease genes and highlights female-specific pathways and causal links to disrupted lipid metabolism: insights into a viciou... by Yin Jin, Apostolia Topaloudi, Sudhanshu Shekhar, Guangxin Chen, Alicia Nicole Scott, Bryce David Colon, Petros Drineas, Chris Rochet, Peristera Paschou

“…Finally, through PheWAS and Mendelian Randomization analysis, we identify causal links with AD neuropathology pointing to disrupted lipid metabolism, as well as impaired peripheral immune response and liver dysfunction as part of a vicious cycle that fuels neurodegeneration.…”
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Caspase-11 Modulates Inflammation and Attenuates Toxoplasma gondii Pathogenesis by Sheryl L. Coutermarsh-Ott, John T. Doran, Caroline Campbell, Tere M. Williams, David S. Lindsay, Irving C. Allen

“…Our data indicates that caspase-11 modulates the innate immune response to T. gondii through a mechanism which is distinct from that currently described for the canonical inflammasome. …”
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Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine: Myth or Reality of the 21th Century by J.-F. Stoltz, N. de Isla, Y. P. Li, D. Bensoussan, L. Zhang, C. Huselstein, Y. Chen, V. Decot, J. Magdalou, N. Li, L. Reppel, Y. He

“…During the last 10 years, these multipotent cells have generated considerable interest and have particularly been shown to escape to allogeneic immune response and be capable of immunomodulatory activity. …”
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Membrane-embedded CdaA is required for efficient synthesis of second messenger cyclic di-AMP by Alexander J. Foster, Haoyang Li, Panagiotis Drougkas, Gea. K. Schuurman-Wolters, Joeri ten Kate, Cristina Paulino, Bert Poolman

“…Cyclic di-AMP regulates bacterial cell volume and turgor via control of potassium and compatible solute transport but is also involved in many other processes, including the activation of the metazoan innate immune response to bacterial infections. We compare the activity of full-length membrane-embedded CdaA, the enzyme that synthesizes cyclic di-AMP, with the water-soluble catalytic domain CdaA-DAC. …”
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Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae by Kiana Karimi, Omid Zarei, Parinaz Sedighi, Mohammad Taheri, Amin Doosti-Irani, Leili Shokoohizadeh

“…The ability of biofilm formation in this bacterium decreases the host immune response and antibiotic efficacy. This may impose a huge impact on patients and healthcare settings. …”
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