Probiotic Bacteria Influence the Composition and Function of the Intestinal Microbiota by Paul W. O'Toole, Jakki C. Cooney

“…Mechanisms whereby probiotics impact on the intestinal microbiota include competition for substrates, direct antagonism by inhibitory substances, competitive exclusion, and potentially host-mediated effects such as improved barrier function and altered immune response. We now have the microbial inventories and genetic blueprints to begin tackling intestinal microbial ecology at an unprecedented level of detail, aided by the understanding that dietary components may be utilized differentially by individual phylotypes. …”
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The Role of Immune Defects and Colonization of Staphylococcus aureus in the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis by Danuta Nowicka, Ewelina Grywalska

“…Apart from increased adhesion of S. aureus in atopic skin, defects of the innate immune response resulting in the lack of restriction of the growth of microorganisms also contribute to susceptibility to colonization by and infection with S. aureus. …”
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What Roles Do Probiotics Play in the Eradication of Helicobacter pylori? Current Knowledge and Ongoing Research by Han-Yi Song, Long Zhou, Dong-yan Liu, Xin-Jie Yao, Yan Li

“…Probiotics can also reduce the release of inflammatory factors by regulating the local immune response of the host. We searched the available literature for full-length articles focusing on the role of probiotics in HP management. …”
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Repeated Long-Term DT Application in the DEREG Mouse Induces a Neutralizing Anti-DT Antibody Response by Junhua Wang, Myriam Siffert, Markus Spiliotis, Bruno Gottstein

“…We here provide a detailed overview about an important consideration that long-term administration of DT induces a humoral immune response with an appropriate production of anti-DT antibodies that can inactivate DT and thus abrogate its effect in the DEREG mouse. …”
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Anticytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen-4 Induced Autoimmune Hypophysitis: A Case Report and Literature Review by Deborah Majchel, Mary T. Korytkowski

“…CTLA-4 agents are associated with immune-related adverse effects (irAE) which occur as a result of activation (or lack of inactivation) of the immune response. This impacts not only malignant cells but also different host organ-systems. …”
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Dynamic Multidrug Therapies for HIV: Optimal and STI Control Approaches by B. M. Adams, H. T. Banks, Hee-Dae Kwon, Hien T. Tran

“…Ournumerical results support a scenario in which STI therapies canlead to long-term control of HIV by the immune response systemafter discontinuation of therapy.…”
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The Role of Syk/CARD9-Coupled C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections by Mohlopheni Jackson Marakalala, Lisa M. Graham, Gordon D. Brown

“…These cells express pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which recognise mycobacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and which can influence the host immune response to the infection. Although many of the PRRs appear to be redundant in the control of M. tuberculosis infection in vivo, recent discoveries have revealed a key, nonredundant, role of the Syk/CARD9 signalling pathway in antimycobacterial immunity. …”
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Overlapping of DRESS and Stevens-Johnson syndrome due to first-line antituberculosis drugs: a case report by Cristian Morán-Mariños, Felix Llanos-Tejada, Rebeca Huamani-Llantoy, Capriny Bernal-Turpo, Kimberly López-Pilco, Alex Ventura-Leon, Renato Casanova-Mendoza

“…Timely intervention with corticosteroids plays a key role in moderating the exaggerated immune response, helping to alleviate dermatological symptoms and prevent long-term organ damage. …”
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Optimal Treatment Strategies for HIV with Antibody Response by Yinggao Zhou, Kuan Yang, Kai Zhou, Chunling Wang

“…An HIV model of ordinary differential equation, which includes immune response, neutralizing antibodies, and multidrug effects, is improved. …”
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Immune Tolerance Regulation Is Critical to Immune Homeostasis by Lei Han, Tianxiang Wu, Qin Zhang, Anning Qi, Xiaohui Zhou

“…The body’s immune response plays a critical role in defending against external or foreign antigens while also preserving tolerance to self-antigens. …”
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PATHOGENETIC ROLE OF THROMBOCYTES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOIMMUNE PATHOLOGY OF THE THYROID GLAND by I. Yu. Bahmut, O. O. Halmyz, S. М. Hramatiuk, A. V. Titkova

“…According to the results of our study, we hypothesized that PMPs can interact with circulating autoantibodies and C1q involved in the formation of immune complexes, which can be a pathophysiological cause of the immune response.…”
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Evaluation of Task Shifting in Community-Based DOTS Program as an Effective Control Strategy for Tuberculosis by André P. Gabriel, Charles P. Mercado

“…Despite attempts to control and eradicate the mycobacterium, the prevalence of the disease remains high due to increasing population rate, persistence of poverty and poor health care, treatment failure, increasing multidrug resistance as a consequence of treatment failure and poor compliance, and existence of comorbid conditions that compromise immune response. Limited government resources to screen and monitor disease progression of TB in third world countries hamper the eradication of the disease. …”
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Immune correlates of early clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among tuberculosis household contacts in Indonesia by Todia P. Setiabudiawan, Lika Apriani, Ayesha J. Verrall, Fitria Utami, Marion Schneider, Agnes R. Indrati, Pauline P. Halim, Paulina Kaplonek, Hadar Malca, Jessica Shih-Lu Lee, Simone J. C. F. M. Moorlag, L. Charlotte J. de Bree, Vera P. Mourits, Leo A. B. Joosten, Mihai G. Netea, Bachti Alisjahbana, Ryan P. McNamara, Galit Alter, Arjan van Laarhoven, James E. Ussher, Katrina Sharples, Valerie A. C. M. Koeken, Philip C. Hill, Reinout van Crevel

“…This could be explained by an IFN-γ-independent adaptive immune response, or an effective innate host response clearing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) without adaptive immunity. …”
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Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits the Channel Activity of the P2X7 Receptor by Elias Leiva-Salcedo, Claudio Coddou, Felipe E. Rodríguez, Antonello Penna, Ximena Lopez, Tanya Neira, Ricardo Fernández, Mónica Imarai, Miguel Rios, Jorge Escobar, Margarita Montoya, J. Pablo Huidobro-Toro, Alejandro Escobar, Claudio Acuña-Castillo

“…The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) plays an important role during the immune response, participating in several events such as cytokine release, apoptosis, and necrosis. …”
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Evaluation of the cross-immunity between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus in vitro by Da Xu, Yujie Gu, Guilian Li, Ruihuan Wang, Shiqi Xiao, Hongyang Duan, Jingwei Jiang, Xiuqin Zhao, Kanglin Wan, Xinyue He, Haican Liu, Yongliang Lou

“…However, the cross-immune response between Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was inadequate to effectively inhibit the proliferation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.…”
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Unravelling the role of secretory Immnuoglobulin-A in COVID-19: a multicentre study in nursing homes during the first wave by Rafael Bielza, Patricia Pérez, Nuria García, Laura Ballesteros-Sanabria, Rosa María Martínez, Azam Ghazi, Clara Hernando, María Victoria Rodríguez, Israel J. Thuissard, Cristina Andreu-Vázquez, José Manuel Bautista

“…Abstract Background The function of mucosal secretory IgA (SIgA) seems to be paramount in the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 however, there are few studies addressing this issue specifically in the institutionalized older population. …”
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mRNA vaccines with RBD mutations have broad-spectrum activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice by Xiaoming Liang, Yuxia Yuan, Junbin Wang, Cong Tang, Yun Yang, Yanan Zhou, Hao Yang, Qing Huang, Wenhai Yu, Haixuan Wang, Yuhuan Yan, Dongdong Lin, Yanwen Li, Xuena Du, Longhai Yuan, Wenqi Quan, Daoju Wu, Shuaiyao Lu

“…Both vaccines elicited a robust immune response in BALB/c and K18-hACE2 mice, generating high levels of specific binding antibodies against the BA.2 RBD. …”
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Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a multi-antigenic adenovirus-based vaccine candidate against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Jin-Seung Yun, Jin-Seung Yun, Eunkyung Shin, Young-Ran Lee, Jung-Ah Lee, Hyeokjin Lee, Jong-Seok Kim, Sung Jae Shin, Sang-Jun Ha, Sang-Won Lee, Dokeun Kim, Jung-Sik Yoo, Hye-Sook Jeong

“…RNA sequencing of the whole blood of rAd-TB4-vaccinated mice collected pre- and, 1 and 4 weeks post-infection, identified differentially expressed genes associated with immune and inflammatory responses, especially those in the Wnt signaling pathway.ConclusionOur results indicate that rAd-TB4 immunization enhances the immune response to the vaccine boosting antigens in BCG-primed mice, making it a potential adult pulmonary TB vaccine candidate.…”
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Characterization of the colostrum proteome of primiparous Holstein cows and its association with colostrum immunoglobulin G concentrations by Ezequias Castillo-Lopez, Patrick Biber, Arife Sener-Aydemir, Karin Hummel, Ebrahim Razzazi-Fazeli, Nicole Reisinger, Qendrim Zebeli, Susanne Kreuzer-Redmer, Thomas Hartinger

“…This resulted in enrichment of the biological processes predominantly for complement activation alternative pathway, complement activation, complement activation classical pathway, humoral immune response, leukocyte mediated immunity, and negative regulation of endopeptidase activity in excellent-quality colostrum. …”
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The effectiveness of cinnamon powder and cinnamon leaf extract to prevent Aeromonas hydrophila infection on striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalamus by Erni Susanti, Dinamella Wahjuningrum, Sri Nuryati, Mia Setiawati

“…This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 1% dietary cinnamon powder and 0.5% dietary cinnamon leaf extract on the immune response of striped catfish challenged with A. hydrophila. …”
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