Preface by Peter Hinow, Pierre Magal, Shigui Ruan

“…Webb.The topics of the 12 articles appearing in this special issue includeevolutionary dynamics of population growth, spatio-temporal dynamicsin reaction-diffusion biological models, transmission dynamics ofinfectious diseases, modeling of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitals,analysis of Prion models, age-structured models in ecology and epidemiology,modeling of immune response to infections, modeling of cancer growth, etc.These topics partially represent the broad areas of Glenn's research interest.For more information please click the “Full Text” above.…”
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Alpha-Fetoprotein and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immunity by Xiaoping Wang, Qiaoxia Wang

“…By in vitro modification, the immunogenicity and immune response of AFP could be enhanced. AFP-modified immune cell vaccine or peptide vaccine has displayed the specific antitumor immunity against AFP-positive tumor cells and laid a better foundation for the immunotherapy of liver cancer.…”
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Correlation between the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Multiple Sclerosis: Recent Understanding and Potential Application Perspectives by Qingqing Zhou, Rui Jia, Jingxia Dang

“…Low-grade systemic inflammation has been considered to lead to pathogenesis owing to the amplification of pathogenic immune response activation. However, there is a shortage of reliable systemic inflammatory biomarkers to predict the disease activity and progression of MS. …”
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Dysbiosis in the Pathogenesis of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases by Donatella Comito, Claudio Romano

“…The fundamentals of IBD pathogenesis are considered a defective innate immunity and bacterial killing with overaggressive adaptive immune response. A condition of “dysbiosis”, with alterations of the gut microbial composition, is regarded as the basis of IBD pathogenesis. …”
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Treatment of HIV-1 Infection with Combination Therapy: Antiretroviral Agents and Biological Response Modifiers by Steven M Schnittman

“…In particular, since HIV infection dysregulates and destroys the immune system. it is logical to develop therapeutic approaches that would both restore the immune response and have direct antiviral activity. Preliminary evaluations of the combination of zidovudine wilh interferon alpha (IFN-α) have demonstrated enhanced antiviral. antitumour and immunomodulatory activity. …”
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The Immune System in Cancer Pathogenesis: Potential Therapeutic Approaches by Pankita H. Pandya, Mary E. Murray, Karen E. Pollok, Jamie L. Renbarger

“…In the rapidly evolving field of immunooncology, understanding the tumor-specific immune response enhances understanding of cancer resistance. …”
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Dissection of the Interplay between Class I PI3Ks and Rac Signaling in Phagocytic Functions by Carlotta Costa, Giulia Germena, Emilio Hirsch

“…This review focuses on how these two protein families contribute to migration, phagocytosis, and reactive oxygen species production, as well as their epistatic and feedback relations that finely tune these crucial aspects of the immune response.…”
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NKT Cells in Sepsis by Briana Leung, Hobart W. Harris

“…Here, we will review the role of NKT cells in sepsis and septic shock, the immunoregulatory role of apoE in the host immune response to infection, and propose a mechanism for this immunoregulation.…”
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Fractalkine and Other Chemokines in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis by Shinji Shimoda, Carlo Selmi, M. Eric Gershwin

“…We submit the hypothesis that BEC are in fact the innocent victims of the autoimmune injury and that the adaptive immune response is critical in PBC.…”
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Orchestration of Adaptive T Cell Responses by Neutrophil Granule Contents by Danielle Minns, Katie Jane Smith, Emily Gwyer Findlay

“…We consider how the release of granule contents by neutrophils—through NETosis or degranulation—is one way in which the innate immune system directs the phenotype of the adaptive immune response.…”
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HLA-G as a Tolerogenic Molecule in Transplantation and Pregnancy by Vera Rebmann, Fabiola da Silva Nardi, Bettina Wagner, Peter A. Horn

“…Thus, it seems that HLA-G is crucially involved in mechanisms shaping an allogeneic immune response into tolerance. In this contribution we focus on (i) how HLA-G is involved in transplantation and human reproduction, (ii) how HLA-G is regulated by genetic and microenvironmental factors, and (iii) how HLA-G can offer novel perspectives with respect to therapy.…”
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Vancomycin Hypersensitivity Diagnosed by Lymphocyte Blast Transformation by Nguyen P. Tran, Jeremy Katcher, Erin Rohman, Mary Francis Hall, Christie F. Michael, Isao Miyairi, D. Betty Lew

“…Lymphocyte blast transformation (LBT), a method of detecting cellular immune response by measuring levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), was used to diagnose vancomycin hypersensitivity and guide antibiotic selection.…”
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Infection-Induced Vulnerability of Perinatal Brain Injury by Carina Mallard, Xiaoyang Wang

“…A growing body of evidence demonstrates that susceptibility and progression of both acute and chronic central nervous system disease in the newborn is closely associated with an innate immune response that can manifest from either direct infection and/or infection-triggered damage. …”
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Leprosy: An Overview of Pathophysiology by Ramesh Marne Bhat, Chaitra Prakash

“…The susceptibility to the mycobacteria and the clinical course of the disease are attributed to the host immune response, which heralds the review of immunopathology of this complex disease.…”
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Sixth nerve palsy post covid treated with course of oral steroids by Divya Upendra Caculo, Sowmya Raveendra Murthy, Ann Willy, N Nishant

“…Research suggests that SARS- COV 2 infection can result in inflammatory nerve damage due to aberrant immune response leading to neuropathy. We report a case of a 42-year-old man presenting with a unilateral abducens nerve palsy following Covid-19 infection treated with a course of steroids leading to faster recovery.…”
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Repeated positron emission tomography tracing neutrophil elastase in a porcine intensive-care sepsis model by Frida Wilske, Olof Eriksson, Rose-Marie Amini, Sergio Estrada, Helena Janols, Amina Khalil, Anders Larsson, Miklós Lipcsey, Sara Mangsbo, Jonathan Sigfridsson, Jan Sjölin, Paul Skorup, Anders Wall, Viola Wilson, Markus Castegren, Gunnar Antoni

“…Neutrophil activation is part of the dysregulated immune response to infection defining sepsis and neutrophil elastase is one of the powerful proteases causing both effects and damage. …”
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Identification and Analysis of Key Immune- and Inflammation-Related Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Tan Y, Qian B, Ma Q, Xiang K, Wang S

“…This study aims to identify key genes associated with immune response and inflammation in IPF using bioinformatics.Methods: We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the GSE93606 dataset and GSE28042 dataset, then obtained differentially expressed immune- and inflammation-related genes (DE-IFRGs) by overlapping DEGs. …”
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Pulmonary granuloma formation during latent Cryptococcus neoformans infection in C3HeB/FeJ mice involves progression through three immunological phases by Jovany J. Betancourt, Minna Ding, J. Marina Yoder, Issa Mutyaba, Hannah M. Atkins, Gabriela De la Cruz, David B. Meya, Kirsten Nielsen

“…Immunocompetent host immune responses, such as formation of pulmonary granulomas, control the infection and prevent disseminated disease. …”
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Protection against SHIV-KB9 Infection by Combining rDNA and rFPV Vaccines Based on HIV Multiepitope and p24 Protein in Chinese Rhesus Macaques by Chang Li, Zhenwei Shen, Xiao Li, Jieying Bai, Lin Zeng, Mingyao Tian, Ying Jin Song, Ming Ye, Shouwen Du, Dayong Ren, Cunxia Liu, Na Zhu, Dandan Sun, Yi Li, Ningyi Jin

“…The current research suggests that rapid reaction speed, appropriate response strength, and long-lasting immune response time may be key protection factors for AIDS vaccine. …”
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Genetic Polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors 2 and 9 as Susceptibility Factors for the Development of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Psoriatic Arthritis by Camila F. Oliveira-Toré, Amarilis G. Moraes, Gabriela F. Martinez, Janisleya S. F. Neves, Luciana C. Macedo, Marco A. Rocha-Loures, Marília G. Quirino, Hugo V. Alves, Ana M. Sell, Jeane E. L. Visentainer

“…Polymorphisms in TLR genes that lead to changes in these receptors or that interfere with the transcription rates of mRNA TLR may be involved in the chronic inflammatory immune response observed in SpA. Currently, there is a lack of studies associating genetic polymorphisms in TLRs and SpA. …”
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