Dietary Effect of Withania somnifera Root Powder on Growth, Hematobiochemical Parameters, Immunity, and Disease Resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Cyprinus carpio by Syed Sikandar Habib, Muhammad Qamar Saeed, Samrah Masud, Osman Sabri Kesbiç, Javed Ahmed Ujan, Cristina Cravana, Salim S. Al-Rejaie, Mohamed Mohany, Francesco Fazio

“…This study investigates the influence of Withania somnifera root powder (WSRP) on different aspects of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), including growth, hematobiochemical parameters, antioxidant status, nonspecific immune response, and resilience to bacterial infections. …”
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REDD1 expression in podocytes facilitates renal inflammation and pyroptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy by Siddharth Sunilkumar, Sandeep M. Subrahmanian, Esma I. Yerlikaya, Allyson L. Toro, Edward W. Harhaj, Scot R. Kimball, Michael D. Dennis

“…Abstract Sterile inflammation resulting in an altered immune response is a key determinant of renal injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN). …”
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β-Glucan-modified nanoparticles with different particle sizes exhibit different lymphatic targeting efficiencies and adjuvant effects by Wen Guo, Xinyue Zhang, Long Wan, Zhiqi Wang, Meiqi Han, Ziwei Yan, Jia Li, Ruizhu Deng, Shenglong Li, Yuling Mao, Siling Wang

“…Particle size and surface properties are crucial for lymphatic drainage (LN), dendritic cell (DC) uptake, DC maturation, and antigen cross-presentation induced by nanovaccine injection, which lead to an effective cell-mediated immune response. However, the manner in which the particle size and surface properties of vaccine carriers such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) affect this immune response is unknown. …”
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Difference in the Vitreal Protein Profiles of Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy with and without Intravitreal Conbercept Injection by Chen Zou, Minjie Zhao, Jingjing Yu, Dandan Zhu, Yunzhi Wang, Xinping She, Yanan Hu, Zhi Zheng

“…The most notable GO annotations in level 3 and REACTOME pathways describing the differentially expressed proteins were “innate immune response” and “platelet degranulation.” The intravitreal levels of APOA2 and CP were lower in the IVC group than in the PDR group (p<0.01). …”
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A division-dependent compartmental model for computing cell numbers in CFSE-based lymphocyte proliferation assays by H. Thomas Banks, W. Clayton Thompson, Cristina Peligero, Sandra Giest, Jordi Argilaguet, Andreas Meyerhans

“…Some key features of a mathematical description of an immune response are an estimate of the number of responding cells and the manner in which those cells divide, differentiate, and die. …”
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Efficacy of caerulomycin A in modulating macrophage polarization and cytokine response in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis by Jun Zhang, Shiyue Tang

“…Abstract Background Sepsis is characterized by an excessive immune response. Modulation of the immune response, particularly macrophage polarization, may provide therapeutic benefit. …”
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Investigating the inflammatory effect of microplastics in cigarette butts on peripheral blood mononuclear cells by Monire Soltani, Abbas Shahsavani, Philip K. Hopke, Nadali Alavi Bakhtiarvand, Mehrnoosh Abtahi, Masoumeh Rahmatinia, Majid Kermani

“…Peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed an inflammatory immune response when exposed to 200 µg/ml cellulose acetate from cigarette filters. …”
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Gene Expression Pattern and Regulatory Network of α-Toxin Treatment in Bombyx mori by Tieshan Feng, Ping Lin, Jiao Gong, Dong Cheng, Xi Yang, Quan Zhang, Tingcai Cheng

“…In this study, we investigated the immune response of silkworm induced by α-toxin by using RNA-seq. …”
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Macrophage Extracellular Traps: Current Opinions and the State of Research regarding Various Diseases by Weizhen Weng, Zuoyu Hu, Yunfeng Pan

“…Macrophages are an important component of the human immune system and play a key role in the immune response, which can protect the body against infection and regulate the development of tissue inflammation. …”
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Collagen XVII: A Shared Antigen in Neurodermatological Interactions? by Allan Seppänen

“…In support of the hypothesis that collagen XVII serves as a shared antigen mediating an immune response between skin and brain, research on animal and human tissue, as well as numerous epidemiological and case studies, is presented.…”
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Role of interleukin-15 and interleukin-18 in the secretion of sIL-6R and sgp130 by human neutrophils by E. Jablonska, M. Marcinczyk

“…Background: Available data indicate that neutrophils (PMN) produce a wide range of cytokines with the potential to modulate immune response. Recent investigation have shown that interleukin (IL)-15 and IL-18 potentiated several functions of normal neutrophils. …”
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Inflammatory bowel diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic by Edyta Derda, Edyta Szymańska, Magda Sokolek, Jarosław Kierkuś

“…Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic, incurable conditions of digestive system with unknown aetiology, but one of the causes is disordered immune response. Medical therapies most frequently used in IBD are immune suppressing or modifying with the rising use of biologic treatment. …”
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Identification of T and В lymphocytes in chickens and their subpopulations byflowcytofluorometric analysis using flow cytometer BD FACSVerse™ by M. A. Volkova, Ir. A. Chvala

“…Antibody panels for immunophenotyping lymphocytes when testing chicken cell mediated immune response were selected and tested. They enable to determine a relative number of T- and B-lymphocytes, T-helpers and T-cytotoxic cell populations in blood and chicken lymphoid organs. …”
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Resistance mechanisms matter in SIR models by Timothy C. Reluga, Jan Medlock

“…We compare four SIR-style modelsdescribing behavioral or immunological disease resistance thatmay be both partial and temporaryin parameter regions feasible for interpandemic influenza.For the models studied, backward bifurcations andbistability may occur in contexts where resistance isdue to behavior change, but they do not occur when resistanceoriginates from an immune response. Care must be exercisedto ensure that modeling assumptions about resistance areconsistent with the biological mechanisms under study.…”
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A non-randomised open-label exploratory ‘window of opportunity’ study of TG02 treatment in patients with locally advanced primary and recurrent RAS mutant colorectal cancer by Sara Roth, Kasmira Claire Wilson, Robert George Ramsay, Catherine Mitchell, Shienny Sampurno, Toan Duc Pham, Joseph Cherng Huei Kong, Stephen Q. Wong, Alexander Graham Heriot, Sanjeev Deva, Matthew Burge, Cecilie Sverdrup, Anne-Sophie Moller, Lukasz Kuryk, Jon Amund Eriksen, Magnus Jaderberg, John Raymond Zalcberg, Michael Michael

“…Background: TG02 is a peptide-based cancer vaccine eliciting immune responses to oncogenic codon 12/13 RAS mutations. …”
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Transcriptomic profiles of monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to SARS-CoV-2 VOCs reveal immune-evasion escape driven by delta by Alessia Gallo, Josè Camilla Sammartino, Roberta Vazzana, Roberto Giambruno, Claudia Carcione, Nicola Cuscino, Salvatore Castelbuono, Vitale Miceli, Matteo Bulati, Daniele Lilleri, Irene Cassaniti, Pier Giulio Conaldi, Fausto Baldanti

“…Our data suggest an evolution of VOC in modulating the host immune response, with a strong change in pace beginning with the advent of the Delta variant. …”
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Evaluation of autophagic and apoptotic markers during infection with animal virus causing hemorrhagic fever in rabbits by Dominika Bębnowska, Dominika Bębnowska, Sylwia Rzeszotek, Agnieszka Kolasa, Karolina Wiśniewska, Karolina Wiśniewska, Magdalena Żabińska, Aneta Szulc, Zuzanna Cyske, Zuzanna Cyske, Karolina Pierzynowska, Karolina Pierzynowska, Aleksandra Wilk, Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej, Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej, Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej

“…This is particularly important because infection with different strains is associated with a different host immune response profile.MethodsIn this work, we analyzed the expression of selected genes and proteins involved in autophagic flux in the liver, spleen, kidney and peripheral blood, but also apoptotic cell death in the liver and peripheral blood of rabbits infected with the GI.2 strain.ResultsAs a result, we showed that autophagy is strongly activated in the liver, spleen and kidney of infected rabbits, and confirmed the activation of apoptosis in the liver.DiscussionThis study highlights the role of apoptosis and autophagy in the immune response in rabbits infected with Lagovirus europaeus/GI.2.…”
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Measles and Pregnancy: Immunity and Immunization—What Can Be Learned from Observing Complications during an Epidemic Year by Rosalia Ragusa, Armando Platania, Mario Cuccia, Gaetano Zappalà, Gabriele Giorgianni, Placido D’Agati, Maria Alessandra Bellia, Marina Marranzano

“…As measles causes a dysregulation of the entire immune system, we describe immunological variations and how immune response mechanisms can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. …”
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Liver HLA-E Expression Is Associated with Severity of Liver Disease in Chronic Hepatitis C by Roberta C. Araújo, Fabricio C. Dias, Bruna C. Bertol, Deisy M. Silva, Patrícia H. Almeida, Andreza C. Teixeira, Fernanda F. Souza, Marcia G. Villanova, Leandra N. Z. Ramalho, Eduardo A. Donadi, Ana L. C. Martinelli

“…Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can escape from innate and adaptive immunity, making the immune response ineffective. Human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E) might regulate the antiviral function of immune response and contribute to the persistence of HCV and the severity of liver disease. …”
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Translating Unconventional T Cells and Their Roles in Leukemia Antitumor Immunity by Nilberto Dias de Araújo, Fábio Magalhães Gama, Mateus de Souza Barros, Thaís Lohana Pereira Ribeiro, Fabíola Silva Alves, Lilyane Amorim Xabregas, Andréa Monteiro Tarragô, Adriana Malheiro, Allyson Guimarães Costa

“…Recently, cell-mediated immune response in malignant neoplasms has become the focus in immunotherapy against cancer. …”
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