Manganese-pyrochloric acid photosensitizer nanocomplexes against osteosarcoma: achieving both high activatability and high effectiveness by Xuran Zhang, Xuran Zhang, Jian Wang, Qun Feng, Li Lei, Zhiyong Zhu

“…Additionally, Mn2+ ions activated the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, promoting maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and augmenting CD8+-mediated antitumor immune responses.DiscussionThis study advances the on-demand activation of photosensitive drugs and photodynamic immunotherapy toward clinical applicability by exploiting Mn2+–PPa nanocomplexes with high activatability and effectiveness for targeted PDT and immunotherapy.…”
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Polystyrene Nanoplastics Elicit Multiple Responses in Immune Cells of the <i>Eisenia fetida</i> (<i>Savigny</i>, 1826) by Huijian Shi, Yaoyue Wang, Xiangxiang Li, Xiaoyang Wang, Yuntao Qi, Shaoyang Hu, Rutao Liu

“…This study investigated the impact of polystyrene NPs on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> (<i>Savigny</i>, 1826) immune cells, focusing on oxidative stress, immune responses, apoptosis, and necrosis. Results showed that 100 nm NPs were internalized into the cells, causing cytotoxicity. …”
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Understanding Delayed T-Cell Priming, Lung Recruitment, and Airway Luminal T-Cell Responses in Host Defense against Pulmonary Tuberculosis by Christopher R. Shaler, Carly Horvath, Rocky Lai, Zhou Xing

“…Therefore, it is of upmost importance to dissect the mechanisms that contribute to the delayed onset of immune responses following M.tb infection. Such knowledge will help design the most effective vaccination strategies against pulmonary TB.…”
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A new crustin-like gene from the redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus and its response to decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) challenge by Xiaoying Hang, Jianbo Zheng, Fei Li

“…Crustin, a widely-studied antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), has been proven to be involved in mediating innate immune responses against intruding pathogens. In this study, a novel crustin-like gene, Cqcarc1, was characterized from the redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. …”
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A multifunctional mesoporous silica drug delivery nanosystem that ameliorates tumor hypoxia and increases radiotherapy efficacy by Yanhong Chu, LiFeng Wang, Yaohua Ke, Xiaoyu Feng, Wenmei Rao, Wei Ren, Kai Xin, Yan Wang, Lixia Yu, Baorui Liu, Qin Liu

“…Abstract Radiotherapy (RT) is a widely used treatment with strong therapeutic effects, but overcoming challenges related to hypoxia-induced tumor resistance and ineffective antitumor immune responses is crucial for optimal outcomes. In this study, we developed a versatile nanosystem using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), R837, and a small quantity of manganese peroxide (Mn/ZnO2). …”
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Klebsiella pneumoniae Biofilms and Their Role in Disease Pathogenesis by Maria Eduarda Souza Guerra, Giulia Destro, Brenda Vieira, Alice S. Lima, Lucio Fabio Caldas Ferraz, Anders P. Hakansson, Michelle Darrieux, Thiago Rojas Converso

“…Bacteria in the biofilm are shielded from immune responses and antibiotics. The present review discusses the characteristics of K. pneumoniae biofilms, factors affecting biofilm development, and their contribution to infections. …”
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Gene Therapy Approaches by Ahmed Jumaa Ahmed, Hogir Saadi

“…Non-viral vectors are much less successful than viral vectors, but because of their low immune responses and their broad therapeutic DNA ability, they have advantages. …”
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Mechanism of modified mRNA structure in COVID-19 vaccines for inducing neutralizing antibodies by Sabighoh Zanjabila, Beti Ernawati Dewi

“…These vaccines also stimulate adaptive immune responses by activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with mRNA functioning as an endogenous antigen. …”
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Rheumatoid arthritis associated cytokines and therapeutics modulate immune checkpoint receptor expression on T cells by Dana Emerson, Eve Merriman, Pia P. Yachi

“…In addition, SOC RA therapeutics such as glucocorticoids and TNF inhibitors modulated IR and cytokine expression in the presence of RA synovial fluid.ConclusionsThis study points to an important and intricate relationship between cytokines and IRs in shaping immune responses in autoimmune pathology. The modulation of IR expression by RA-associated cytokines and SOC therapeutics provides new insights for the use of targeted treatments in managing RA pathology.…”
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Do PPAR-Gamma Agonists Have a Future in Parkinson's Disease Therapy? by Anna R. Carta, Augusta Pisanu, Ezio Carboni

“…PPAR-γ are highly expressed in cells of both central and peripheral immune systems, playing a pivotal role in microglial activation as well as in monocytes and T cells differentiation, in which they act as key regulators of immune responses. Here, we review preclinical evidences of PPAR-γ-induced neuroprotection in experimental PD models and highlight relative anti-inflammatory mechanisms involving either central or peripheral immunomodulatory activity. …”
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The Role of IL-33 in Gut Mucosal Inflammation by Luca Pastorelli, Carlo De Salvo, Maurizio Vecchi, Theresa T. Pizarro

“…Interleukin (IL)-33 is a recently identified cytokine belonging to the IL-1 family that is widely expressed throughout the body and has the ability to induce Th2 immune responses. In addition, IL-33 plays a key role in promoting host defenses against parasites through the expansion of a novel population of innate lymphoid cells. …”
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Role of Farnesoid X Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Diseases by Jin-nan Wu, Jian-rong Chen, Jin-liang Chen

“…For example, FXR can regulate the tumor microenvironment by regulating the balance of inflammatory and immune responses in the body to promote the occurrence and development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), thereby being considered a potential target for immunotherapy of NSCLC. …”
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Sample Aging Profoundly Reduces Monocyte Responses in Human Whole Blood Cultures by H. W. Grievink, M. Moerland

“…These results underline the importance of quick sample handling when investigating innate immune responses in whole blood, especially for monocyte responses.…”
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Analysis of Fractional Order Mathematical Model of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene-Based Therapy by Mohammad Imam Utoyo, Windarto, Aminatus Sa’adah

“…This therapy protects target cells from infections or specifying technic and immune responses to face virus by using genetically modified HSCs. …”
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Immunomodulatory insights of monoterpene glycosides in endometriosis: immune infiltration and target pathways analysis by Jin Zhan, Jiajie Wu

“…Abstract Endometriosis is a complex gynecological condition characterized by abnormal immune responses. This study aims to explore the immunomodulatory effects of monoterpene glycosides from Paeonia lactiflora on endometriosis. …”
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Effects of Dietary Pediococcus acidilactici and Isomaltooligosaccharide on Growth Performance, Immunity, and Antioxidant Defense in Juvenile Common Carp by Milad Maniat, Amir Parviz Salati, Nasim Zanguee, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar

“…Overall, blood biochemical parameters, serum (lysozyme, complements C3 and C4) and mucosal (protein, total immunoglobulin, and lysozyme) immune responses, and antioxidant defense of fish also improved in the PA-IMO5 group (p<0.05). …”
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Discrimination of Anti-Donor Response in Allogeneic Transplantation Using an Alloreactive T-Cell Detection Assay by Ryosuke Arata, Naoki Tanimine, Akhmet Seidakhmetov, Kentaro Ide, Yuka Tanaka, Hideki Ohdan

“…These findings offer a promising tool to elucidate immune responses post-transplantation.…”
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Key Cell Types and Biomarkers in Heart Failure Identified through Analysis of Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Data by Ying Kong, Ning Yang, Zhiqing Luo, Ruiting Huang, Quhuan Li

“…Additionally, differential analysis of myeloid cells revealed crosstalk between cellular communication and cytokine-regulated immune responses in HF, with the MIF pathway emerging as a crucial immune regulatory pathway. …”
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Role of T Regulatory Cells and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in COVID-19 by Alhasan Alsalman, Mohammad A. Al-Mterin, Eyad Elkord

“…At early stages of COVID-19, Tregs have a critical role in decreasing antiviral immune responses, and consequently reducing the viral clearance. …”
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Tolerogenic Splenic IDO+ Dendritic Cells from the Mice Treated with Induced-Treg Cells Suppress Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Jie Yang, Yiming Yang, Huahua Fan, Hejian Zou

“…However, the mechanisms whereby transferred iTregs suppress immune responses, particularly the interplay between iTregs and dendritic cells (DCs) in vivo, remain incompletely understood. …”
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