New T-lymphocyte subpopulations and their characteristics: Challenges to the classical division of lymphocyte function by Filip Lewandowski, Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej

“…Helper lymphocytes, including T fh1 , T fh2 , T fh17 , GC-T fh , and circulating T fh cells, exhibit distinct functions in immune responses and disease states. Additionally, newly identified cytotoxic T-cell subsets, such as CD8 + CD39 + and CD8 + CD28 + cells, demonstrate unique effector properties with potential therapeutic applications in cancer immunotherapy. …”
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Natural Compounds as Regulators of NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated IL-1β Production by József Tőzsér, Szilvia Benkő

“…IL-1β is one of the main proinflammatory cytokines that regulates a broad range of immune responses and also participates in several physiological processes. …”
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Progress in immune microenvironment, immunotherapy and prognostic biomarkers in pediatric osteosarcoma by Lin Zhang, Haoming Jiang, Haichao Ma

“…The immunosuppressive environment, dominated by M2 macrophages, contributes to immune evasion and poor therapeutic outcomes, though recent findings suggest the potential for reprogramming these cells to enhance immune responses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the immune landscape in pediatric osteosarcoma, with a focus on the role of immune cells and their interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME). …”
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Transcriptional Regulatory Network for the Development of Innate Lymphoid Cells by Chao Zhong, Jinfang Zhu

“…With this combination, helper-like ILCs are capable of initiating early immune responses similar to cNK cells, but via secretion of a set of effector cytokines similar to those produced by Th cells. …”
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Implications of intratumoral microbiota in tumor metastasis: a special perspective of microorganisms in tumorigenesis and clinical therapeutics by Lei Zhang, Xichu Duan, Yanhua Zhao, Dejiu Zhang, Yuan Zhang

“…Intratumoral microbiota can modulate tumor progression through multiple mechanisms, including regulating immune responses, inducing genomic instability and gene mutations, altering metabolic pathways, controlling epigenetic pathways, and disrupting cancer-related signaling pathways. …”
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An Immunoinformatics Study to Predict Epitopes in the Envelope Protein of SARS-CoV-2 by Renu Jakhar, S. K. Gakhar

“…This vaccine peptide could simultaneously elicit humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. We hope to confirm our findings by adding complementary steps of both in vitro and in vivo studies to support this new universal predicted candidate.…”
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Significance of Persistent Inflammation in Respiratory Disorders Induced by Nanoparticles by Yasuo Morimoto, Hiroto Izumi, Etsushi Kuroda

“…In allergic responses, nanoparticles act as Th2 adjuvants to activate Th2 immune responses such as activation of eosinophil and induction of IgE. …”
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Allogeneic Antigen Composition for Preparing Universal Cancer Vaccines by Petr G. Lokhov, Elena E. Balashova

“…The present report extends these studies in vitro by investigating the efficacy of allogeneic antigens with regard to their ability to target immune responses against the tumor vasculature since alloantigens simplify vaccine development and implementation in clinical practice. …”
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Influenza A virus infection of human primary dendritic cells impairs their ability to cross-present antigen to CD8 T cells. by Anna Smed-Sörensen, Cécile Chalouni, Bithi Chatterjee, Lillian Cohn, Peter Blattmann, Norihiro Nakamura, Lélia Delamarre, Ira Mellman

“…Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is normally controlled by adaptive immune responses initiated by dendritic cells (DCs). We investigated the consequences of IAV infection of human primary DCs on their ability to function as antigen-presenting cells. …”
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Metabolomic analysis of murine tissues infected with Brucella melitensis. by Bárbara Ponzilacqua-Silva, Alexis S Dadelahi, Charles R Moley, Mostafa F N Abushahba, Jerod A Skyberg

“…Brucella can replicate in a variety of tissues and can induce immune responses that alter host metabolite availability. …”
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Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Tissue Injury via Secretion of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Stimulated Protein/Gene 6 by Zhigang He, Jie Hua, Zhenshun Song

“…This suggests that most beneficial effects are largely due to paracrine secretions or cell-to-cell contacts that have multiple effects involving modulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Currently, the therapeutic benefits of MSCs are in part explained by the cells being activated by signals from injured tissues to express an anti-inflammatory protein, tumor-necrosis-factor-α-induced protein 6. …”
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Necroptosis could serve as an indicator of therapeutic resistance in viral induced well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma? by Nitya Krishnasamy, Ramya Ramadoss, Suganya Panneer Selvam, Sandhya Sundar, K. Hemashree

“…Concurrently, alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines drive tumorigenesis in viral-induced squamous cell carcinoma, impairing anti-viral immune responses. Conclusion: Monitoring necroptosis levels in viral-induced OSCC offers insights into therapy resistance, as high levels may indicate reduced responsiveness to standard treatments. …”
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The mRNA-1647 vaccine: A promising step toward the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) by Adewunmi Akingbola, Abiodun Adegbesan, Olajumoke Adewole, Kolade Adegoke, Akpevwe Emmanuella Benson, Paul Ayomide Jombo, Sandra Uchechukwu Eboson, Victor Oluwasola, Ademola Aiyenuro

“…We have reviewed results from Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials of the mRNA-1647 vaccine, demonstrating robust immune responses in both seronegative and seropositive participants. …”
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In vitro studies on the immunomodulatory effects of fulvic acid extract from palm oil empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) by Dimarwanita Firda, Mariya Silmi, Nur Annisa Dewi Fitria, Latisya Silva, Faramitha Yora, Goenadi Didiek Hadjar

“…With an increasing need for sustainable natural therapies, FA has shown promise in treating degenerative diseases by modulating immune responses. The research focused on assessing the immunomodulatory effects of FA by analysing its impact on cytokine production. …”
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Susceptibility of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans to Antibacterial Effect from Mammea americana by Alejandra Herrera Herrera, Luis Franco Ospina, Luis Fang, Antonio Díaz Caballero

“…These microorganisms trigger inflammatory and immune responses in the host. Currently, medicinal plants are treatment options for these oral diseases. …”
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Targeting SRSF1 improves cancer immunotherapy by dually acting on CD8+T and tumor cells by Gui-Qi Zhu, Zheng Tang, Tian-Hao Chu, Biao Wang, Shi-Ping Chen, Chen-Yang Tao, Jia-Liang Cai, Rui Yang, Wei-Feng Qu, Yi Wang, Qian-Fu Zhao, Run Huang, Meng-Xin Tian, Yuan Fang, Jun Gao, Xiao-Ling Wu, Jian Zhou, Wei-Ren Liu, Zhi Dai, Ying-Hong Shi, Jia Fan

“…The small-molecule inhibitor TN2008 targets SRSF1, boosting antitumor immune responses and improving immunotherapy effectiveness in mouse models. …”
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The TIR Domain Containing Locus of Enterococcus faecalis Is Predominant among Urinary Tract Infection Isolates and Downregulates Host Inflammatory Response by Thomas Daniel Kraemer, Orlando Daniel Quintanar Haro, Eugen Domann, Trinad Chakraborty, Svetlin Tchatalbachev

“…When transiently expressed in cultured eukaryotic cells, TcpF caused suppression of TLR2-dependent NF-κB activation suggesting for TcpF a role as a factor in E. faecalis that benefits colonization by modulating the host’s immune responses.…”
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Cytosolic DNA composition is determined by genomic instability mechanism and regulates dendritic cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity by Shayla R. Mosley, Angie Chen, David N.W. Doell, Siwon Choi, Courtney Mowat, Felix Meier-Stephenson, Vanessa Meier-Stephenson, Kristi Baker

“…Summary: Patients with colorectal cancers (CRCs) that have microsatellite instability (MSI) (MSI CRCs) face a better prognosis than those with the more common chromosomal instability (CIN) subtype (CIN CRCs) due to improved T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. Previous investigations identified the cytosolic DNA (cyDNA) sensor STING as necessary for chemokine-mediated T cell recruitment in MSI CRCs. …”
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Role of E-cadherin in epithelial barrier dysfunction: implications for bacterial infection, inflammation, and disease pathogenesis by Peter Lialios, Peter Lialios, Stella Alimperti, Stella Alimperti

“…Lately, its pleiotropic role beyond barrier function, including its involvement in immune responses, has become more evident. Herein, we delve into the intricate relationship between (dys)regulation of epithelial homeostasis and the versatile functionality of E-cadherin, describing complex mechanisms that underlie barrier integrity and disruption in disease pathogenesis such as bacterial infection and inflammation, among others. …”
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The Role of Protein Modifications of T-Bet in Cytokine Production and Differentiation of T Helper Cells by Sera Oh, Eun Sook Hwang

“…Therefore, T-bet is crucial for the development and coordination of both innate and adaptive immune responses. To fulfill these multiple roles, T-bet undergoes several posttranslational protein modifications, such as phosphorylation at tyrosine, serine, and threonine residues, and ubiquitination at lysine residues, which affect lineage commitment during Th cell differentiation. …”
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