Gut Microbiota and Its Impact on Brain Function and Mental Health by Zofia Martyna Wójcik, Katarzyna Kamińska-Omasta, Bartosz Omasta, Olga Krupa, Paulina Dorota Pietrukaniec, Kuba Borys Romańczuk, Kinga Furtak, Szymon Przemysław Stolarczyk, Magdalena Agata Czerska, Daria Rybak

“…., serotonin, GABA), immune responses, and interacts through bacterial metabolites. …”
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Increased NTPDase Activity in Lymphocytes during Experimental Sepsis by Claudia de Mello Bertoncheli, Carine Eloise Prestes Zimmermann, Jeandre Augusto dos Santos Jaques, Cláudio Alberto Martins Leal, Jader Betsch Ruchel, Bruna Cipolatto Rocha, Kelly de Vargas Pinheiro, Viviane do Carmo Gonçalves Souza, Daniel Roulim Stainki, Sônia Cristina Almeida Luz, Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger, Daniela Bitencourt Rosa Leal

“…We investigated in rats induced to sepsis the activity of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase; CD39; E.C. 3.6.1.5), an enzyme involved in the modulation of immune responses. After 12 hours of surgery, lymphocytes were isolated from blood and NTPDase activity was determined. …”
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Persistent Suppression of Type 1 Diabetes by a Multicomponent Vaccine Containing a Cholera Toxin B Subunit-Autoantigen Fusion Protein and Complete Freund’s Adjuvant by Béla Dénes, István Fodor, William H. R. Langridge

“…The overall health and humoral immune responses of the vaccinated animals remained normal throughout the duration of the experiments.…”
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Role of macrophage in intervertebral disc degeneration by Yiming Dou, Yiming Zhang, Yang Liu, Xun Sun, Xinyu Liu, Bin Li, Qiang Yang

“…Abstract Intervertebral disc degeneration is a degenerative disease where inflammation and immune responses play significant roles. Macrophages, as key immune cells, critically regulate inflammation through polarization into different phenotypes. …”
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Application of Natural Antioxidants as Feed Additives in Aquaculture: A Review by Xiaodan Hu, Wenjing Ma, Disen Zhang, Zikun Tian, Yuanqiang Yang, Yi Huang, Yuhang Hong

“…In aquaculture, natural antioxidants have gained increasing attention as sustainable feed additives to mitigate oxidative damage, enhance immune responses, and improve overall growth performance. …”
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Role of Zinc Signaling in the Regulation of Mast Cell-, Basophil-, and T Cell-Mediated Allergic Responses by Keigo Nishida, Ryota Uchida

“…Although many molecules involved in these processes have zinc-binding motifs, the molecular mechanisms and the role of zinc in immune responses have not been elucidated. We and others have demonstrated that zinc signaling plays diverse and specific roles in vivo and in vitro in studies using knockout mice lacking zinc transporter function and metallothionein function. …”
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Strategic and Technical Considerations in Manufacturing Viral Vector Vaccines for the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority Threats by Lindsay A. Parish, Shyam Rele, Kimberly A. Hofmeyer, Brooke B. Luck, Daniel N. Wolfe

“…In many instances, vaccines may be needed in a reactive scenario, requiring technologies than can elicit rapid and robust immune responses with a single dose. Here, we discuss how viral vector vaccines are utilized in a vaccine portfolio for priority biological threats, some of the challenges in manufacturing viral vector vaccines, the need to strengthen live virus manufacturing capabilities, and future opportunities to capitalize on the use of viral vectors to improve the sustainability of the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority’s vaccine portfolio.…”
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The Role of Serine Proteases and Antiproteases in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung by Matthew S. Twigg, Simon Brockbank, Philip Lowry, S. Peter FitzGerald, Clifford Taggart, Sinéad Weldon

“…The general effects of this protease/antiprotease imbalance are impaired mucus clearance, increased and self-perpetuating inflammation, and impaired immune responses and tissue. To restore this balance antiproteases have been suggested as potential therapeutics or therapeutic targets. …”
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The significance of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen in infection and clearance of hepatitis B virus by Ling Ding, Jiaquan Huang, Shuaiwen Huang

“…One of the key features of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the inability to mount sufficient and coordinated adaptive immune responses against HBV. Recent studies on HBV-specific B cells and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) have shed light on their role in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). …”
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DNA Vaccination: Using the Patient's Immune System to Overcome Cancer by Georg Eschenburg, Alexander Stermann, Robert Preissner, Hellmuth-Alexander Meyer, Holger N. Lode

“…Using the patient's own immune system by activation of humoral and cellular immune responses to target the cancer cells has shown first promising results in clinical trials and may allow reduced toxicity standard therapy regimen in the future. …”
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Expression and delivery of HA1-M2e antigen using an innovative attenuated Salmonella–mediated delivery system confers promising protection against H9N2 avian influenza challenge by Ram Prasad Aganja, In-Shik Kim, Hyun-Jin Tae, John Hwa Lee

“…Birds immunized with attenuated SG harboring pJHL270 (JOL3025) or pJHL305 (JOL3027) containing HA-M2e showed significant increases in serum IgY and mucosal IgA antibodies, indicating strong humoral and mucosal immune responses, comparable with inactivated commercial vaccine. …”
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Alphaherpesvirus in Pets and Livestock by Shu-Hui Duan, Ze-Min Li, Xue-Jie Yu, Dan Li

“…During infection, herpesviruses not only stimulate innate immune responses in host cells but also interfere with signaling pathways through specific proteins to achieve immune evasion. …”
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Evolution of the C-Type Lectin-Like Receptor Genes of the DECTIN-1 Cluster in the NK Gene Complex by Susanne Sattler, Hormas Ghadially, Erhard Hofer

“…Pattern recognition receptors are crucial in initiating and shaping innate and adaptive immune responses and often belong to families of structurally and evolutionarily related proteins. …”
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Influence of Physical Activity and Nutrition on Obesity-Related Immune Function by Chun-Jung Huang, Michael C. Zourdos, Edward Jo, Michael J. Ormsbee

“…Research examining immune function during obesity suggests that excessive adiposity is linked to impaired immune responses leading to pathology. The deleterious effects of obesity on immunity have been associated with the systemic proinflammatory profile generated by the secretory molecules derived from adipose cells. …”
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Genetically Engineered Islets and Alternative Sources of Insulin-Producing Cells for Treating Autoimmune Diabetes: Quo Vadis? by Feng-Cheng Chou, Shing-Hwa Huang, Huey-Kang Sytwu

“…However, two major problems need to be overcome: (1) detrimental immune responses, including inflammation induced by the islet isolation/transplantation procedure, recurrence autoimmunity, and allorejection, can cause graft loss and (2) inadequate numbers of organ donors. …”
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Macrophages, Inflammation, and Tumor Suppressors: ARF, a New Player in the Game by Paqui G. Través, Alfonso Luque, Sonsoles Hortelano

“…In this paper, we provide an overview of the immunobiology of TAMs as well as what is known about tumor suppressors in the context of immune responses. Recent advances regarding the role of the tumor suppressor ARF as a regulator of inflammation and macrophage polarization are also reviewed.…”
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Divergent Effects of <i>Circoviridae</i> Capsid Proteins on Type I Interferon Signaling by Anon H. Kosaka, Chen-Yu Huang, Zih-Ying Lu, Hua-Zhen Hsing, Amonrat Choonnasard, Rissar Siringo Ringo, Kuo Pin Chuang, Akatsuki Saito

“…Our results illustrated that although the nuclear localization of capsid proteins is conserved, their effects on IFN-β signaling vary by species, revealing the diverse roles of <i>Circoviridae</i> capsid proteins in modulating immune responses.…”
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Advances in RNA-Based Therapeutics: Challenges and Innovations in RNA Delivery Systems by Yuxuan Liu, Yaohui Ou, Linlin Hou

“…Notably, one of the most significant technical hurdles is achieving efficient and targeted RNA delivery while minimizing immune responses. Various strategies have been developed for RNA delivery, including viral vectors, virus-like particles (VLPs), lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), and extracellular vesicles (EVs). …”
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Biometallic ions and derivatives: a new direction for cancer immunotherapy by Lin Zhao, Yajun Gui, Jing Cai, Xiangying Deng

“…In addition, biometallic ions and derivatives can directly inhibit tumor cell progression and offer the possibility of effectively overcoming the limitations of current cancer immunotherapy by promoting immune responses and reducing immunosuppressive signals. …”
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Depletion of Regulatory T Cells in a Mouse Experimental Glioma Model through Anti-CD25 Treatment Results in the Infiltration of Non-Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells in the Brain by Wim Maes, Tina Verschuere, Anaïs Van Hoylandt, Louis Boon, Stefaan Van Gool

“…The recruitment and activation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the micro-environment of malignant brain tumors has detrimental effects on antitumoral immune responses. Hence, local elimination of Tregs within the tumor micro-environment represents a highly valuable tool from both a fundamental and clinical perspective. …”
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