Is Thymoglobulin or Rituximab the Cause of This Serum Sickness? A Case Report of Serum Sickness Dilemma and Literature Review by Amarpreet Sandhu, Antonia Harford, Pooja Singh, Eduardo Alas

“…Since diagnosis of serum sickness is clinical, and Rituximab use has expanded into treatment of glomerulonephritis and acute humoral rejection, it should be considered as a potential offender of serum sickness in these patient populations. …”
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Selected Aspects in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases by György Nagy, Peter C. Huszthy, Even Fossum, Yrjö Konttinen, Britt Nakken, Peter Szodoray

“…We also depict the multifaceted role of dendritic cells, serving as antigen presenting cells, contributing to the development of the pathognomonic cytokine signature and promote cellular and humoral autoimmune responses. Finally we describe the function and role of extracellular vesicles in particular autoimmune diseases. …”
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Cellular and cytokine immunoregulation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma by Wanda Stankiewicz, Marek P. Dabrowski, Andrzej Chcialowski, Tadeusz Plusa

“…In addition to diverse effector mechanisms, the cellular and humoral elements participating in the development of immune response may appear to be different in COPD and bronchial asthma (BA) patients.…”
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Brucella suis ΔmapB outer membrane vesicles as an acellular vaccine against systemic and mucosal B. suis infection by Florencia Muñoz González, Florencia Muñoz González, Magali G. Bialer, Maria L. Cerutti, Silvia M. Estein, Lila Y. Ramis, Pablo C. Baldi, Pablo C. Baldi, Ángeles Zorreguieta, Ángeles Zorreguieta, Mariana C. Ferrero, Mariana C. Ferrero

“…While immunization with both wt and ΔmapB OMVs achieved the same level of protection following intratracheal infection with B. suis (p<0.01), immunization with ΔmapB OMVs provided higher levels of protection against intraperitoneal infection.DiscussionOverall, these results demonstrate that the B. suis ΔmapB OMVs are immunogenic and capable of inducing both cellular and humoral immune responses that protect against mucosal and systemic B. suis challenges.…”
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Safety and immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S in adolescents: Phase 2 randomized clinical trial by Jelena Tica, Veronica V. Rezelj, Benoit Baron, Vitalija van Paassen, Javier Zaidman, Lee Fairlie, Gert Scheper, Mathieu Le Gars, Frank Struyf, Macaya Douoguih, Javier Ruiz-Guiñazú

“…We conducted a randomized, Phase 2 trial to assess the safety and humoral immunogenicity of reduced doses/dose volume of the standard dose of Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 vaccine (5 × 1010 viral particles [vp]) in healthy adolescents aged 12–17 years. …”
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Elevated Kappa Index in the Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid IgG Oligoclonal Bands: Contribution of Intrathecal IgM and IgA Synthesis by Krzysztof Smolik, Roberta Bedin, Patrizia Natali, Martina Cardi, Diego Franciotta, Anna Maria Simone, Paolo Immovilli, Mario Santangelo, Matteo Gastaldi, Giulia De Napoli, Francesca Vitetta, Diana Ferraro

“…Routinely used for diagnostic aims, IgG IS, which can be assessed quantitatively (ad hoc formulas) or qualitatively (oligoclonal bands, OCBs), may fail in detecting a humoral immune response within the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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The Immunological Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Characteristics of Children in Tajikistan Republic by Nighina M. Khodzhaeva, Alla M. Baranova, Anatoly K. Tokmalaev

“…The study of cellular and humoral immunity in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria is an obvious additional criterion in assessing the severity of infection. …”
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The Balance of Th1/Th2 and LAP+Tregs/Th17 Cells Is Crucial for Graft Survival in Allogeneic Corneal Transplantation by Shang Li, Jing Yu, Chungang Guo, Ying Jie, Zhiqiang Pan

“…The related cytokines in aqueous humor were also analyzed. Results. The frequencies of Foxp3+Tregs, GARP+Tregs, and LAP+Tregs in the survival group were significantly higher than those in the rejection group. …”
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Effects of Microbes on Insect Host Physiology and Behavior Mediated by the Host Immune System by Shan Zhang, Zhengyan Wang, Qiong Luo, Lizhen Zhou, Xin Du, Yonglin Ren

“…The innate immune system of insects primarily comprises cellular immunity and humoral immunity. Toll, immune deficiency, and Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription are the main signaling pathways regulating insect humoral immunity. …”
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Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection by Jianping Wu, David Cui, Xianzhi Yang, Jianzhou Lou, Jie Lin, Xianfei Ye, Zhimei Qin, Li Huang, Dejian Zhao, Zhaoxia Huo, Guoliang Xie, Shufa Zheng, Fei Yu, Liwei Lu, Yu Chen

“…These data indicate a role of TFH cells and associated cytokines in modulating the humoral response during the pathogenesis of EV71 infection.…”
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Does Toxoplasma gondii Infection Affect the Levels of IgE and Cytokines (IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-alpha)? by Joanna Matowicka-Karna, Violetta Dymicka-Piekarska, Halina Kemona

“…In the study performed in a group of patients infected with T. gondii, we evaluated Th2 humoral response (IL-5, IL-6, IL-10) and Th1 cell response (IL-12, TNF-α). …”
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Integrated analysis of genetic, proteinic, and metabolomic alterations in Behcet’s disease by Yanlin Pu, Jing Liang, Yao Wang, Wanyun Zhang, Chuiren Zhou, Ju Shao, Jin Hu, Minghui Chen, Yunjie Shi, Yongdan Mao, Zhijun Chen

“…Additionally, the levels of interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 in aqueous humor were consistently upregulated. Collectively, this study showed that the hyperactivity of Th1 and Th17 responses played an essential role in the pathogenesis of BD, and the progression of this disease was associated with enhanced neutrophil chemotaxis, vascular endothelial injury, activation of haemostatic system, and oxidative stress.…”
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Pronerve Growth Factor Induces Angiogenesis via Activation of TrkA: Possible Role in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy by Sally L. Elshaer, Mohammed A. Abdelsaid, Ahmad Al-Azayzih, Parag Kumar, Suraporn Matragoon, Julian J. Nussbaum, Azza B. El-Remessy

“…The angiogenic response of aqueous humor samples from PDR patients was examined in human retinal endothelial cells in the presence or absence of anti-proNGF antibody. …”
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Las figuras cómicas del mono y de los portadores de pintura corporal negra entre los nahuas prehispánicos y su transformación en la época colonial by Agnieszka Brylak

“…The article aims to study the phenomena of humor and laughter in pre-Hispanic Nahua culture, focusing on two burlesque figures: the monkey and the beings with black body painting. …”
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Humoriste, journaliste et artiste engagé by Farida Souiah

“…This article sheds light on the plurality of caricatures which are a humorous, a journalistic and an artistic act. It also analyzes the commitment of those who draw political cartoons in a non-democratic context. …”
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Floresta de símbolos: bicho e poesia para crianças e adultos inteligentes by Augusto Rodrigues da Silva Junior

“…However, expressing different trends and multiple images, these books contain features in common that resemble them, such as fun and diversion, humor, imagination, realism, eco literature aspects, popular culture and colloquial language.…”
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Cutaneous Wound Healing: A Review about Innate Immune Response and Current Therapeutic Applications by Yara Adib, Armand Bensussan, Laurence Michel

“…The systemic responses to trauma involve the body’s inflammatory and immunomodulatory cellular and humoral networks. Studies over the years provided essential insights into a complex and dynamic immunity during the cutaneous wound healing process. …”
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Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Promotes High-Glucose-Induced Dysfunction and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Lidan Xue, Lili Huang, Yajing Tian, Xin Cao, Yu Song

“…The serum and aqueous humor from patients with PDR contained higher levels of TMAO compared to patients with nontype 2 diabetes (Control), non-DR (NDR), and non-PDR (NPDR). …”
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Characterisation of the antibody-mediated selective pressure driving intra-host evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in prolonged infection. by Michael Schoefbaenker, Theresa Günther, Eva Ulla Lorentzen, Marie-Luise Romberg, Marc Tim Hennies, Rieke Neddermeyer, Marlin Maybrit Müller, Alexander Mellmann, Chiara Robin Bojarzyn, Georg Lenz, Matthias Stelljes, Eike Roman Hrincius, Richard Vollenberg, Stephan Ludwig, Phil-Robin Tepasse, Joachim Ewald Kühn

“…Although virus elimination was ultimately achieved, this humoral immune response escaped detection by routine diagnosis and created a situation temporarily favouring the rapid emergence of various antibody escape mutants with known epidemiological relevance.…”
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Varicella Zoster Virus-induced Acute Retinal Necrosis Following Acute Meningoencephalitis in a Patient with Presumed COVID-19 by Kiana Hassanpour, Faezeh Khorasanizadeh, Mahmood Nabavi, Narsis Daftarian, Alireza Ramezani

“…The result of aqueous humor PCR was positive for varicella zoster virus (VZV). …”
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