A Fractional-Order Model for HIV Dynamics in a Two-Sex Population by Fatmawati, Endrik Mifta Shaiful, Mohammad Imam Utoyo

“…Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks or infects cells in the immune system that causes immune decline. …”
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HIV-Associated Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Prognosis and Therapy in the Era of cART by Caron A. Jacobson, Jeremy S. Abramson

“…Patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) are at increased risk for developing Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), a risk that has not decreased despite the success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in the modern era. …”
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Central Nervous System Lymphoma: The Great Mimicker—A Single-Institution Retrospective Study by Danielle A. Bazer, Ewa Zabrocka, Nicholas Koroneos, Agnieszka Kowalska

“…This is a retrospective case series examining 13 human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) negative patients with PCNSL and DLBCL type, with a median age of 75 years old. …”
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A Rare Presentation of HIV-Negative Plasmablastic Lymphoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma by Alaina J. Kessler, Bridget K. Marcellino, Scot A. Niglio, Bruce E. Petersen, Adriana K. Malone

“…Clinical correlation can help make the distinction between the two entities. Human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) negative PBL is a rare disease, making the diagnosis more challenging. …”
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Isolated Bulbar Conjunctival Kaposi’s Sarcoma as a Primary Presentation of AIDS: A Case Report by Sofia Maia, Miguel Gomes, Luís Oliveira, Paulo Torres

“…It is one of the commonest tumors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients and not uncommonly the first manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). …”
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HIV Vaccine Research: The Challenge and the Way Forward by Hai-Bo Wang, Qiu-Hua Mo, Ze Yang

“…Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a worldwide epidemic, with over 35 million people infected currently. …”
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An integrated public health approach for a successful strategy against HIV: The case of Swaziland by Yacob Habboush, Noor Daoud

“…Swaziland is an inland country in the southern Africa with a population of less than 1.5 million. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the main public health concern in Swaziland as 27.2% of adults are living with HIV infection. …”
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Modelling In Vivo HIV Dynamics under Combined Antiretroviral Treatment by B. Mobisa, G. O. Lawi, J. K. Nthiiri

“…In this paper a within host mathematical model for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmission incorporating treatment is formulated. …”
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Paraspinal and Extensive Epidural Abscess: The Great Masqueraders of Abdominal Pain by Andrew Chu, Thu Thu Aung, Uday Shankar

“…Predisposing risk factors include diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus, intravenous drug abuse, and previous history of spinal surgery or injection. …”
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Modeling and Analysis of HIV and Cholera Direct Transmission with Optimal Control by Kumama Regassa Cheneke, Koya Purnachandra Rao, Geremew Kenassa Edessa

“…In this study, a mathematical model of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cholera co infection is constructed and analyzed. …”
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Anti-Retroviral Strategies for AIDS and Related Diseases by Mark A Wainberg, Andre Dascal, Jack Mendelson

“…The replication cycle of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and other retroviruses consists of four stages: attachment of the virus to specific receptors on the cell surface; uncoating of the viral nucleic acid and conversion to DNA; production of viral RNA and proteins; and assembly and liberation of progeny virus from the cell. …”
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Hybrid optimal control for HIV multi-drug therapies: A finite set control transcription approach by Divya Thakur, Belinda Marchand

“…In this study, the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is investigated through an optimal structured treatment interruption (STI) schedule of two classes of antiretroviral drugs, mainly, reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors. …”
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Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia in HIV — Investigate or Just Treat? by Steven Kesten

“…Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is an extremely common manifistation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) resulting from infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Most episodes present in a fairly typical manner with increased dyspnea and/or a nonproductive cough, a diffuse interstitial pattern on chest readiograph and an elevated alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient. …”
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A Review of Electroanalytical Techniques for Determination of Anti-HIV Drugs by Burçin Bozal, Bengi Uslu, Sibel A. Özkan

“…Until now after the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was discovered as the then tentative aetiological agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), exactly 25 anti-HIV compounds have been formally approved for clinical use in the treatment of AIDS. …”
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Undiagnosed HIV Presenting with Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonitis by Jason J. Rizqallah, Christopher T. Shah, Oladoyin Oluwole, John N. Sheagren

“…Undiagnosed or untreated human immunodeficiency virus infection can lead to devastating complications. …”
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Regulation of viral replication by host restriction factors by Ying Lin, Ying Lin, Ying Lin, Yun Zhu, Yun Zhu, Ling Jing, Ling Jing, Ling Jing, Xiaobo Lei, Xiaobo Lei, Zhengde Xie, Zhengde Xie

“…Viral infectious diseases, caused by numerous viruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A virus (IAV), enterovirus (EV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human papillomavirus (HPV), pose a continuous threat to global health. …”
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Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology of Spilanthes acmella: A Review by Suchita Dubey, Siddhartha Maity, Mahendra Singh, Shubhini A. Saraf, Sudipta Saha

“…Literature survey proposed that it has multiple pharmacological actions, which include antifungal, antipyretic, local anaesthetic, bioinsecticide, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, analgesic, pancreatic lipase inhibitor, antimicrobial, antinociception, diuretic, vasorelaxant, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, toothache relieve and anti-inflammatory effects. …”
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Sexual Transmission of Hepatitis B virus: Epidemiological Considerations and Implications for Control with Vaccine by Franklyn N Judson

“…Specific interventions designed to prevent sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (eg. testing for infection status and counselling, choosing partners carefully, avoiding prostitutes, use of condoms, and diagnostic and treatment services for other sexually transmitted diseases) should further reduce hepatitis B virus sexual transmission in men and women. …”
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Microencapsulation Techniques in HIV Pediatric Formulations: Advances and Future Outlook by Nnamdi Ikemefuna Okafor

“…The treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in children has persistently been complex and tedious on a global scale. …”
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Pneumocystis Prophylaxis for All, Some, or No HIV-infected Infants Less than One Year of Age: A Decision Analysis Approach by Upton D Allen, Stanley E Read

“…Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is associated with significant mortality and morbidity among infants infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The preferred prophylaxis strategy for such infants is a subject of debate. …”
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