Reply to: comment on “Early cancer detection by serum biomolecular fingerprinting spectroscopy with machine learning” by Shilian Dong, Dong He, Qian Zhang, Chaoning Huang, Zhiheng Hu, Chenyang Zhang, Lei Nie, Kun Wang, Wei Luo, Jing Yu, Bin Tian, Wei Wu, Xu Chen, Fubing Wang, Jing Hu, Xiangheng Xiao

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Helminth Products Potently Modulate Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Downregulating Neuroinflammation and Promoting a Suppressive Microenvironment by Alberto N. Peón, Yadira Ledesma-Soto, Jonadab E. Olguín, Marcel Bautista-Donis, Edda Sciutto, Luis I. Terrazas

“…However, few helminth-derived immunomodulators have been tested in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of the human disease multiple sclerosis (MS). The immunomodulatory activities of Taenia crassiceps excreted/secreted products (TcES) that may suppress EAE development were sought for. …”
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Candidate antirheumatic genotherapeutic plasmid constructions have low immunogenicity by T. S. Nepomnyashchikh, T. V. Tregubchak, S. N. Yakubitskiy, O. S. Taranov, R. A. Maksyutov, S. N. Shchelkunov

“…Viral genes coding for immunomodulatory factors could be used to create new gene therapy products to treat RA and other human disease. Poxviruses, as compared to other viral families, have an unprecedentedly rich set of such immunomodulatory genes. …”
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Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in Tuberculosis by Marcos Vinicius da Silva, Monique Gomes Salles Tiburcio, Juliana Reis Machado, Djalma Alexandre Alves Silva, Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues, Virmondes Rodrigues, Carlo Jose Freire Oliveira

“…Conflicting results have been suggested over the years, particularly in studies comparing experimental models and human disease. In recent years, in addition to Th1, Th2, and Th17 profiles, new standards of cellular immune responses, such as Th9, Th22, and IFN-γ-IL-10 double-producing Th cells, discussed here, have also been described. …”
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Longitudinal observational (single cohort) study on the causes of trypanocide failure in cases of African animal trypanosomosis in cattle near wildlife protected areas of Northern... by Shauna Richards, Davide Pagnossin, Paul Samson Buyugu, Oliver Manangwa, Furaha Mramba, Emmanuel Sindoya, Edith Paxton, Steve J Torr, Ryan Ritchie, Giovanni E Rossi, Lawrence Nnadozie Anyanwu, Michael P Barrett, Liam J Morrison, Harriet Auty

“…Drug counterfeiting, inadequate use of trypanocides, and resistance are all contributing to trypanocide failure, limiting effective AAT control and with implications for human disease risk. In order to curb trypanocide failure a multi-modal approach to managing the use of trypanocides is required to address all contributing factors.…”
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Human reference microbiome profiles of different body habitats in healthy individuals by Sujin Oh, Kyoung Un Park, Kyoung Un Park

“…IntroductionThis study aimed to establish the human reference microbiome profiles in blood, saliva, and stool of healthy individuals, serving as reference values to identify microbiome alterations in human disease.MethodsThe study population consisted of a reference group of healthy adults and a second group consisting of adults with periodontal disease (PD). …”
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Listeria monocytogenes use multiple mechanisms to disseminate from the intestinal lamina propria to the mesenteric lymph nodes by Joshua S. Nowacki, Grant S. Jones, Sarah E. F. D'Orazio

“…Together, these results suggest that L. monocytogenes can use multiple, redundant mechanisms to disseminate from the gut tissue to the MLN.IMPORTANCEConsumption of the foodborne bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes results in a wide spectrum of human disease from mild self-limiting gastroenteritis to life-threatening infections of the bloodstream, brain, and placenta. …”
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Fluorescent Particles Based on Aggregation-Induced Emission for Optical Diagnostics of the Central Nervous System by Shan Liu, Jinkuan Liu, Xue Li, Xiaoxin Du, Cheng Yin, Yong Luo, Chenzhong Li

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Village-Indigenous Chicken Bacterial Carriage after the Heavy Rains of 2018, Kenya: Indicator on Environmental Contamination with Pathogenic/Zoonotic Bacteria by Acsa Igizeneza, Lilly Caroline Bebora, Philip Njeru Nyaga, Lucy Wanjiru Njagi

“…Food borne diseases are one of the major human disease conditions worldwide. Most of them are of bacterial origin and chickens are a major source of such bacteria; they are consumed at high rate worldwide and tend to harbor the zoonotic bacteria without showing signs of illness. …”
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An Emerging Pulmonary Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Dogs: Similar to the Human Leptospiral Pulmonary Haemorrhagic Syndrome? by R. Klopfleisch, B. Kohn, S. Plog, C. Weingart, K. Nöckler, A. Mayer-Scholl, A. D. Gruber

“…Here we report a pulmonary haemorrhagic syndrome in dogs that closely resembles the human disease. All 15 dogs had massive, pulmonary haemorrhage affecting all lung lobes while haemorrhage in other organs was minimal. …”
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Urothelial Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro by Shuai Wu, Zhongliang Cheng, Guohua Liu, Xinfeng Zhao, Liang Zhong, Yingjian Zhu, Jiang Zhu

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Extreme Environment Streptomyces: Potential Sources for New Antibacterial and Anticancer Drug Leads? by Periyasamy Sivalingam, Kui Hong, John Pote, Kandasamy Prabakar

“…Conversely, cancer is a growing complex human disease that demands new drugs with no or fewer side effects. …”
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Nuclear mRNA export by Chen Suli, Jiang Qingyi, Fan Jing, Cheng Hong

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TRα1 mutant suppresses KLF9 to cause endometrial metaplasia with ectopic IL-33 expression leading to uterine fibrosis and infertility by Elijah Edmondson, Takahito Kimura, Eunmi Hwang, Minjun Kim, Andrew Warner, Yuelin Zhu, Li Zhao, Yanlin Yu, Xuguang Zhu, Maria Hernandez, Noemi Kedei, Sheue-yann Cheng

“…Mutations of THRA gene cause a human disease known as resistance to thyroid hormone (RTHα). …”
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Effects of Immediate or Delayed Estradiol on Behavior in Old Menopausal Macaques on Obesogenic Diet by Kristine Coleman, Nicola D. Robertson, Adriane Maier, Cynthia L. Bethea

“…Macaques have served as effective models of human disease, including pathological processes associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome. …”
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Epigene functional diversity: isoform usage, disordered domain content, and variable binding partners by Leroy Bondhus, Aileen A. Nava, Isabelle S. Liu, Valerie A. Arboleda

“…Despite their importance to human disease, to date, there has not been a systematic analysis of the sources of functional diversity for epigenes at large. …”
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Echinococcosis of dogs in the North Caucasian Subjects (infrastructural, epizootological and sanitary-hygienic analysis) by S. Sh. Kabardiev, A. M. Bittirov, S. A. Aigubova, N. Kh. Gyulakhmedova

“…The issues of soil contamination with Echinococcus granulosus eggs are understudied that’s why the objective of the research was to study canine echinococcosis which poses a threat to animal and human disease freedom in the North Caucasian countries. …”
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Fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis: novel roles in joint inflammation and beyond by Elpida Neofotistou-Themeli, Elpida Neofotistou-Themeli, Panagiota Goutakoli, Panagiota Goutakoli, Theodoros Chanis, Theodoros Chanis, Maria Semitekolou, Maria Semitekolou, Eirini Sevdali, Eirini Sevdali, Prodromos Sidiropoulos, Prodromos Sidiropoulos

“…Subpopulations with specific phenotypic and functional properties have been characterized both in mouse models and human disease. Data supporting the active involvement of fibroblasts in immune responses and tissue remodeling processes, as well as their central role in promoting clinical relapses and contributing to treatment resistance, have clearly reshaped their role in disease evolution. …”
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Human GM-CSF/IL-3 enhance tumor immune infiltration in humanized HCC patient-derived xenografts by Kelley Weinfurtner, David Tischfield, George McClung, Jennifer Crainic, John Gordan, Jing Jiao, Emma E. Furth, Wuyan Li, Erena Tuzneen Supan, Gregory J. Nadolski, Stephen J. Hunt, David E. Kaplan, Terence P.F. Gade

“…Conclusions: Human GM-CSF and IL-3 expression in humanized mice resulted in features more closely approximating the immune microenvironment of human disease, providing a promising model for investigating critical questions in immunotherapy for HCC. …”
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Analysis of a mouse germ cell tumor model establishes pluripotency-associated miRNAs as conserved serum biomarkers for germ cell cancer detection by Amanda R. Loehr, Dennis M. Timmerman, Michelle Liu, Ad J. M. Gillis, Melia Matthews, Jordana C. Bloom, Peter K. Nicholls, David C. Page, Andrew D. Miller, Leendert H. J. Looijenga, Robert S. Weiss

“…These findings reveal that expression of the miR-290-295 and miR-371-373 clusters in mice and humans, respectively, is a conserved feature of malignant TGCTs, further validating the mouse model as representative of the human disease. These data also highlight the potential of serum miR-371-373 assays to improve patient outcomes through early TGCT detection, possibly even prenatally.…”
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