AhR Activation Transcriptionally Induces Anti-Microbial Peptide Alpha-Defensin 1 Leading to Reversal of Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Colitis by Manikandan Palrasu, Khadija Kakar, Amarnath Marudamuthu, Hamida Hamida, Shruthi Thada, Yin Zhong, Shanieka Staley, Philip Brandon Busbee, Jie Li, Monica Garcia-Buitrago, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti

“…Our data identify a novel signaling pathway in which AhR acts as a transcription factor for α-defensin 1, leading to regulation of homeostasis between gut microbiota, intestinal mucosa, and mucosal immunity.…”
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Endothelial-Ercc1 DNA repair deficiency provokes blood-brain barrier dysfunction by Cathrin E. Hansen, Davide Vacondio, Lennart van der Molen, Annika A. Jüttner, Wing Ka Fung, Manon Karsten, Bert van het Hof, Ruud D. Fontijn, Gijs Kooij, Maarten E. Witte, Anton J. M. Roks, Helga E. de Vries, Inge Mulder, Nienke M. de Wit

“…Collectively, our results underline the role of endothelial aging as a driver of impaired BBB function, endothelial sprouting, and increased immune cell migration into the brain, thereby contributing to impaired brain homeostasis as observed during the aging process.…”
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Stress granules sequester autophagy proteins to facilitate plant recovery from heat stress by Xibao Li, Jun Liao, Ka Kit Chung, Lei Feng, Yanglan Liao, Zhixin Yang, Chuanliang Liu, Jun Zhou, Wenjin Shen, Hongbo Li, Chengwei Yang, Xiaohong Zhuang, Caiji Gao

“…Collectively, this study uncovers a previously unknown function of SGs in regulating autophagy as a temporary repository for ATG proteins under HS and provides valuable insights into the cellular mechanisms that maintain protein homeostasis during stress.…”
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Mammalian mitochondrial inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) and cell signaling: Crosstalk between polyP and the activity of AMPK by Renata T. Da Costa, Anna Nichenko, Matheus M. Perez, Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner, Sheida Kavehmoghaddam, Vedangi Hambardikar, Ernest R. Scoma, Erin L. Seifert, Uwe Schlattner, Joshua C. Drake, Maria E. Solesio

“…Results: Our findings demonstrate for the first time the intimate crosstalk between the levels of polyP and the activation status of the AMPK signaling pathway, via a mechanism involving free phosphate homeostasis. AMPK is a key player in mammalian cell signaling, and a crucial regulator of cellular and mitochondrial homeostasis. …”
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Generation of INS-jGCaMP7f knock-in Ca2+ reporter human embryonic stem cell line, GZLe001-C, using CRISPR/Cas9-based gene targeting by Xin Liu, Feng Zhang, Deqi Chen, Jiaxiang Yin, Zirong Bi, Lihua Chen, Jiawei Yan, Qifei Dong, Wei Peng, Tao Xu, Yanying Guo, Haopeng Lin, Huisheng Liu

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TAp63γ is the primary isoform of TP63 for tumor suppression but not development by Xinbin Chen, Wenqiang Sun, Xiangmudong Kong, Xin Ming, Yanhong Zhang, Wensheng Yan, Shakur Mohibi, Mingyi Chen, Keith Mitchell, Jin Zhang

“…Single-cell RNA-seq revealed that loss of p63γ increases the expression of SCD1, a rate-limiting enzyme for synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, leading to altered lipid homeostasis. Together, our data indicate that TP63γ is the primary isoform of TP63 for tumor suppression but not development by maintaining normal inflammatory response and lipid homeostasis.…”
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Functional Status of Pancreatic α and β Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Different Plasma Triglyceride Levels: A Retrospective Analysis by Hang Guo, Chunlei Ma, Xiaoming Wu, Congqing Pan

“…In addition to the increase in TG levels, the insulin sensitivity index (ISI), homeostasis model assessment for β-cell function index (HOMA-β), ΔI30/ΔG30, and AUCI displayed a reducing trend. …”
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Prion protein promotes copper toxicity in Wilson disease by Raffaella Petruzzelli, Federico Catalano, Roberta Crispino, Elena V. Polishchuk, Mariantonietta Elia, Antonio Masone, Giada Lavigna, Anna Grasso, Maria Battipaglia, Lucia Vittoria Sepe, Banu Akdogan, Quirin Reinold, Eugenio Del Prete, Diego Carrella, Annalaura Torella, Vincenzo Nigro, Enrico Caruso, Nicole Innocenti, Emiliano Biasini, Ludmila V. Puchkova, Alessia Indrieri, Ekaterina Y. Ilyechova, Pasquale Piccolo, Hans Zischka, Roberto Chiesa, Roman S. Polishchuk

“…Unfortunately, the molecular targets for normalizing Cu homeostasis in Wilson disease remain poorly understood. …”
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The Mla pathway promotes Vibrio cholerae re-expansion from stationary phase by Deborah R. Leitner, Franz G. Zingl, Alexander A. Morano, Hailong Zhang, Matthew K. Waldor

“…Our findings suggest that the defects in cellular energy homeostasis that emerge in the absence of the Mla pathway underlie its importance in maintaining V. cholerae culturability.…”
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Genetically predicted brain cortical structure mediates the causality between insulin resistance and cognitive impairment by Chaojuan Huang, Yuyang Zhang, Mingxu Li, Qiuju Gong, Siqi Yu, Zhiwei Li, Mengmeng Ren, Xia Zhou, Xiaoqun Zhu, Zhongwu Sun

“…Our investigation aims to establish the causal relationship and direction between insulin resistance and cognition, while also quantifying the mediating role of brain cortical structure in this association.MethodsThe publicly available data sources for insulin resistance (fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment beta-cell function and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance, proinsulin), brain cortical structure, and cognitive phenotypes (visual memory, reaction time) were obtained from the MAGIC, ENIGMA, and UK Biobank datasets, respectively. …”
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Bilateral Simultaneous Avulsion Fractures of the Proximal Tibia in a 14-Year-Old Athlete with Vitamin-D Deficiency by Ziad Harb, Arfan Malhi

“…Vitamin-D plays a vital role in bone homeostasis and its deficiency has an impact on fracture risk and healing. …”
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Inflammasome in Intestinal Inflammation and Cancer by Tiago Nunes, Heitor S. de Souza

“…Here, we show that the available data points towards the importance of the inflammasome in the innate intestinal immune response, being the complex involved in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, correct intestinal barrier function and efficient elimination of invading pathogens.…”
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The Inter-Relationship of Periostin, TGFβ, and BMP in Heart Valve Development and Valvular Heart Diseases by Simon J. Conway, Thomas Doetschman, Mohamad Azhar

“…Here, we summarize the current understanding of the association between periostin and TGFβ and BMP ligands, and discuss the implications of this association in the context of the role of these molecules in heart valve development and valvular homeostasis. Information about hierarchal connections between periostin and TGFβ and BMP ligands in valvulogenesis will increase our understanding of the pathogenesis, progression, and medical treatment of human valve diseases.…”
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Oxi-Inflamm-Aging: a New Theory with Practical Implications by Ángel Julio Romero Cabrera, Leocadia Amores Hernández

“…Oxidative stress causes an impairment of the physiological systems essential for maintaining homeostasis, including the immune system. Immune <em>dysregulation</em> leads to a <em>chronic low-grade inflammatory state</em> in aging. …”
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A Simple Matter of Life and Death—The Trials of Postnatal Beta-Cell Mass Regulation by Elena Tarabra, Stella Pelengaris, Michael Khan

“…Pancreatic beta-cells, which secrete the hormone insulin, are the key arbiters of glucose homeostasis. Defective beta-cell numbers and/or function underlie essentially all major forms of diabetes and must be restored if diabetes is to be cured. …”
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Loss and Dysregulation of Th17 Cells during HIV Infection by Sandra L. Bixler, Joseph J. Mattapallil

“…T helper 17 (Th17) cells are a unique lineage of T helper cells that are enriched in mucosal tissues and are thought to play a central role in protecting the integrity of the mucosal barrier and maintaining immune homeostasis at mucosal sites. Th17 cells are lost very early during the course of HIV infection, and their loss has been shown to correlate with bacterial translocation. …”
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Nutrition – facts and myths by Verbanac Donatella, Maleš Željan, Barišić Karmela

“…By following the main principles of a healthy diet, the physiological homeostasis can be managed, as well as faster recovery from disease achieved.…”
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Insights into the Roles of B Cells in Patients with Sepsis by Xijie Dong, Hao Tu, Shuang Qin, Xiangjun Bai, Fan Yang, Zhanfei Li

“…Sepsis-related deaths primarily occur during immunosuppression; the disease can hamper the numbers and function of B cells, which mediate innate and adaptive immune responses to maintain immune homeostasis. Dysfunction of B cells, along with aggravated immunosuppression, are closely related to poor prognosis. …”
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Tolerance in Kidney Transplantation: What Is on the B Side? by Laura Carreras-Planella, Francesc E. Borràs, Marcella Franquesa

“…Regulatory B cells (Breg) are in the spotlight for their role in immune homeostasis maintenance and tolerance achievement as in the last years the correlation with functional and increased Breg numbers in autoimmune diseases and transplantation has been extensively proven. …”
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Fine Tuning Cell Migration by a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases by D. Dreymueller, K. Theodorou, M. Donners, A. Ludwig

“…Cell migration is an instrumental process involved in organ development, tissue homeostasis, and various physiological processes and also in numerous pathologies. …”
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