Uridine-cytidine kinase 2 is correlated with immune, DNA damage repair and promotion of cancer stemness in pan-cancer by Jinlong Tian, Yanlei Li, Yu Tong, Yuan Zhang, Tingxiao Zhao, Yao Kang, Qing Bi

“…Similarly, UCK2 was also observed to have a negative association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. We noted that UCK2 had significant correlations with the sensitivity to various anti-cancer drug.ConclusionWe have observed that UCK2 plays pivotal roles in prognosis and tumor immunity, and it is associated with DNA repair and cancer stemness. …”
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LLT1 overexpression renders allogeneic-NK resistance and facilitates the generation of enhanced universal CAR-T cells by Shuxian Zhu, Shiyu Zuo, Chuo Li, Xingjie You, Erlie Jiang, Xiaoming Feng, Yuechen Luo

“…Results Genetic editing of CD38 universal CAR-T cells, including CD38, T cell receptor alpha constant (TRAC), beta-2-microglobulin (B2M), and class II major histocompatibility complex transactivator (CIITA) knockdowns, was successfully achieved. …”
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Leishmania mexicana: Novel Insights of Immune Modulation through Amastigote Exosomes by Laura Enedina Soto-Serna, Mariana Diupotex, Jaime Zamora-Chimal, Adriana Ruiz-Remigio, José Delgado-Domínguez, Rocely Buenaventura Cervantes-Sarabia, Adriana Méndez-Bernal, Alma Reyna Escalona-Montaño, María Magdalena Aguirre-García, Ingeborg Becker

“…Expressions of antigen-presenting (major histocompatibility complex class I, MHC-I, and CD1d) and costimulatory (CD86 and PD-L1) molecules were modulated in a dose-dependent fashion. …”
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Development of a TCR-like antibody and chimeric antigen receptor against NY-ESO-1/HLA-A2 for cancer immunotherapy by Xin Liu, Yang Du, Ningyan Zhang, Zhiqiang An, Wei Xiong, Yixiang Xu, Bingnan Yin, Yuqian Huang, Junjun Chu, Changsheng Xing, Chen Qian, Tianhao Duan, Helen Y Wang, John S. Yu, Rongfu Wang

“…To mimic the feature of T-cell receptor (TCR) that recognizes the complex of major histocompatibility class I and peptide on the cell surface derived from the processed intracellular antigen, we used NY-ESO-1, a cancer-testis antigen, to develop a TCR-like fully human IgG1 antibody and its derivative, CAR-T cells, for cancer immunotherapy.Methods Human single-chain variable antibody fragment (scFv) phage library (~10∧11) was screened against HLA-A2/NY-ESO-1 (peptide 157–165) complex to obtain target-specific antibodies. …”
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Tumor CEMIP drives immune evasion of colorectal cancer via MHC-I internalization and degradation by Ying Zhu, Jiao Li, Tao Zhang, Lei Zhao, Min Jin, Jinghua Ren, Jing Tang, Haihong Wang, Zhenyu Lin, Qing Liang, Ruiqi Li, Biying Zhang, Qingling Hua, Guojie Xu, Jiayuan Chen, Lanqing Wang, Dejun Zhang, Dandan Yu

“…Background Loss of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) in tumor cells limits the use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in colorectal cancer. …”
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Immunomodulatory and growth-promoting effects of Rauwolfia serpentina root powder in broiler chicks challenged with Salmonella Gallinarum by Yingyu Zhang, Hiba Rehman, Farina Khattak, Maryam Tariq, Bushra Nisar Khan, Sadia Chaman, Ayaesha Riaz, Muhammad Ovais Omer, Aqib Ali, Qamar un Nisa, Muhammad Muddassir Ali, Gulbeena Saleem

“…Benth. ex Kurz) powder (RSP) on three key immune-related genes; Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), the quiescence-related gene P20K (P20K), and the major histocompatibility complex Class IIβ (MHC class IIβ), gut morphology and growth performance of broiler chicks infected with Salmonella Gallinarum.MethodsTwo hundred and forty day-old Hubbard classic chickens were randomly assigned to four groups: non-challenged control (NC), and Salmonella Gallinarum challenge group (SGC), and two treatment groups fed a basic diet supplemented with 1.5% Rauwolfia serpentina powder (RSP) with SGC (RSP-1) and 3% RSP with SGC (RSP-2), respectively, from day 3 till 28 days of age. …”
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TCR-engaging scaffolds selectively expand antigen-specific T-cells with a favorable phenotype for adoptive cell therapy by Marco Donia, Özcan Met, Julie Westerlin Kjeldsen, Sine Reker Hadrup, Inge Marie Svane, Arianna Draghi, Anders Handrup Kverneland, Christina Heeke, Siri Amanda Tvingsholm, Marcus Svensson Frej, Vibeke Mindahl Rafa, Ulla Kring Hansen, Maria Ormhøj, Alexander Tyron, Agnete W P Jensen, Mohammad Kadivar, Amalie Kai Bentzen, Kamilla K Munk, Gitte N Aasbjerg, Jeppe S H Ternander, Tripti Tamhane, Christian Schmess, Samuel A. Funt, Søren Nyboe Jakobsen

“…Here, in this study, we present a novel technology for ex vivo expansion of antigen-specific T-cells; artificial antigen-presenting scaffolds (Ag-scaffolds) consisting of a dextran-polysaccharide backbone, decorated with combinations of peptide-Major Histocompatibility Complex (pMHC), cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules, enabling coordinated stimulation of antigen-specific T-cells.Methods The capacity of Ag-scaffolds to expand antigen-specific T-cells was explored in ex vivo cultures with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors and patients with metastatic melanoma. …”
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Multiomics profiling reveals the benefits of gamma-delta (γδ) T lymphocytes for improving the tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis in cervical cancer by Xiaofeng Wang, Chen Li, Jie Chen, Zhiqiang Wu, Zhen Zhang, Junyi Li, Lu Yu, Yong Guan, Yuhan Zhang, Yuanjie Cao, Yancheng Liu, Hui Bai, Shaochuan Liu, Miaomiao Gao, Chenglu Lu, Zhen Tao, Zhiyong Yuan

“…Background As an unconventional subpopulation of T lymphocytes, γδ T cells can recognize antigens independently of major histocompatibility complex restrictions. Recent studies have indicated that γδ T cells play contrasting roles in tumor microenvironments—promoting tumor progression in some cancers (eg, gallbladder and leukemia) while suppressing it in others (eg, lung and gastric). γδ T cells are mainly enriched in peripheral mucosal tissues. …”
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Single-cell RNA sequencing highlights the role of distinct natural killer subsets in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by Esther Álvarez-Sánchez, Álvaro Carbayo, Natalia Valle-Tamayo, Laia Muñoz, Joaquim Aumatell, Soraya Torres, Sara Rubio-Guerra, Jesús García-Castro, Judit Selma-González, Daniel Alcolea, Janina Turon-Sans, Alberto Lleó, Ignacio Illán-Gala, Juan Fortea, Ricard Rojas-García, Oriol Dols-Icardo

“…We also identified gene expression changes in other immune cells, such as classical monocytes, and distinct CD8 + effector memory T cells which suggested enhanced antigen presentation via major histocompatibility class-II (adj. p-value = 1.23 × 10− 8) in ALS. …”
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