Chronic Liver Disease in Ethiopia with a Particular Focus on the Etiological Spectrums: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies by Behailu Terefe Tesfaye, Temesgen Mulugeta Feyissa, Azmeraw Bekele Workneh, Esayas Kebede Gudina, Mengist Awoke Yizengaw

“…Hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and alcohol are the three most common contributors to CLD cases in Ethiopia. …”
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Quadruple Therapy Offers High SVR Rates in Patients with HCV Genotype 4 with Previous Treatment Failure by Yousry Esam-Eldin Abo-amer, Rehab Badawi, Mohamed El-Abgeegy, Heba Fadl Elsergany, Ahmed Abdelhaleem Mohamed, Sahar Mohamed Mostafa, Hatem Samir Alegaily, Shaimaa Soliman, Sally Elnawasany, Sherief Abd-Elsalam

“…Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have made a revolution in hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment with promising reduction of HCV infection and disease morbidities. …”
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“Human Babesiosis”: An Emerging Transfusion Dilemma by Helieh S. Oz, Karin H. Westlund

“…The recent reports of fatal cases in Hepatitis C and postliver transplant patients resulting from transfusion of contaminated blood should alert the medical profession regarding this emerging dilemma in endemic as well as nonendemic areas and the need for accurate blood screening for transfusion. …”
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Identification of Acute Vaccine-Preventable Hepatitis in Individuals with Chronic Hepatitis in British Columbia between 1991 and 2007 by Lily Fang, Amanda Yu, Jane A. Buxton

“…PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of BC public health follow-up of HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) cases and immunization policy by determining the number of vaccine-preventable acute hepatitis infections reported following a chronic HBV or HCV diagnosis, by examining demographic characteristics and by observing temporal trends.…”
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Immunological Dynamics Associated with Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapies in Naive and Experimented HCV Chronic-Infected Patients by Grenda Leite Pereira, Andréa Monteiro Tarragô, Walter Luiz Lima Neves, Pedro Vieira da Silva Neto, Priscila Sarmento de Souza, Juliana dos Santos Affonso, Keyla Santos de Sousa, Jéssica Albuquerque da Silva, Allyson Guimarães Costa, Flamir da Silva Victoria, Marilu Barbieri Victoria, Adriana Malheiro

“…The therapeutic strategies used in the treatment of hepatitis C are essentially based on the combination of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). …”
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Concomitant Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava and Horseshoe Kidney by Faraz Jaffer, Vijay Chandiramani

“…Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) and horseshoe kidney (HSK) are common congenital abnormalities; however presence of both in the same person is extremely rare. A patient with hepatitis C cirrhosis awaiting transplant presented with worsening liver dysfunction, diagnosed with acute renal failure secondary to hepatorenal syndrome, and required X-ray fluoroscopy guided tunneled venous catheter placement for hemodialysis. …”
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Fasciitis Complicating Subcutaneous Injection of Interferon Beta by Curtis L Cooper, Rachel Gerstein, Kelly Kaita

“…Data pertaining to 65 patients treated at the Health Sciences Center Hepatology Research Unit in Winnipeg, Manitoba describing local complications related to subcutaneous interferon (IFN) injection administered to treat hepatitis C virus infection are presented. Nine patients experienced local erythematous reactions at the injection region. …”
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TLRs, Alcohol, HCV, and Tumorigenesis by Keigo Machida

“…Ample epidemiological evidence suggests that there is a strong synergism between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and alcoholic liver diseases (ALD). …”
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Steroid Avoidance in Liver Transplantation by José Oberholzer, Mohammed Al-Saghier, Norman M Kneteman

“…Steroids may also exacerbate problems that existed before surgery, including malignancy, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. New, powerful immunosuppressants have allowed steroid use to be reduced or avoided altogether, but use of these regimens is not simple and may be associated with late acute rejection and recurrence of autoimmune disease. …”
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BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Induced Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura by A. K. Ghosh, S. Bhushan, L. D. R. Lopez, D. Sampat, Z. Salah, C. A. Hatoum

“…Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) has been reported following vaccinations such as MMR as well as after viral infections such as hepatitis C and HIV. Few case reports have been reported of ITP after COVID-19 infections and COVID-19 vaccines. …”
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Enterococcus gallinarum Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in an HCV Cirrhotic by Hussein Abidali, Maheen Sheikh, Moustapha Abidali, Ali Abidali, Hamoudi S. Farraji, Andrew C. Berry

“…We present the case of a 60-year-old Caucasian male with history of hepatitis C viral cirrhosis with portosystemic encephalopathy and ascites with evidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) with absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 944 cells/µL blood. …”
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Irreversible Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Complicating Interferon Alpha and Ribaverin Therapy by Hassan Seddik, Mouna Tamzaourte, Fadoua Rouibaa, Maha Fadlouallah, Ahmed Benkirane

“…A case of irreversible anterior ischemic optic neuropathy complicating interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C is reported. We suggest that periodic ophthalmological examinations, including visual acuity and fundus examinations, should be performed to patients with high risk of ocular complications after starting and during treatment. …”
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High Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Viral Load and Coinfection with Viral Hepatitis Are Associated with Liver Enzyme Abnormalities among HIV Seropositive Patients on Antiretrov... by Shabani Iddi, Caroline A. Minja, Vitus Silago, Asteria Benjamin, Jastine Mpesha, Shimba Henerico, Benson R. Kidenya, Stephen E. Mshana, Mariam M. Mirambo

“…Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) detection and liver enzymes assays (alanine transaminase (ALAT) and aspartate transaminase (ASAT)) were assessed following the standard procedures. …”
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Enhanced Surveillance of Acute Hepatitis B and C in Four Health Regions in Canada, 1998 TO 1999 by Shimian Zou, Jun Zhang, Martin Tepper, Antonio Giulivi, Beverley Baptiste, Gerry Predy, Darlene Poliquin, Manon Morin, Donna Jones, Joy Loewen, Margaret Ogonowski, Stephen Moses, Lawrence Elliott

“…OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence and risk factors for acute hepatitis B and acute hepatitis C in a defined Canadian population.…”
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PPAR Could Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Osamu Kimura, Yasuteru Kondo, Tooru Shimosegawa

“…Viral hepatitis with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus and chronic liver disease such as alcoholic or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are critical factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). …”
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Hepatocyte Turnover in Chronic HCV-Induced Liver Injury and Cirrhosis by Nikolaos P. Karidis, Ioanna Delladetsima, Stamatios Theocharis

“…Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may eventually lead to progressive liver fibrosis and cirrhosis through a complex, multistep process involving hepatocyte death and regeneration. …”
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Cognitive Impairments in Viral Hepatitis Patients: Causes, Manifestations, and Impact on Quality of Life by Tatyana Vasiliyevna Polukchi

“…Viral hepatitis, primarily caused by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus, is widely recognized for its impact on liver function, but emerging evidence suggests it also affects cognitive function. …”
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Drug Treatment of Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Ghana: Does It Comply with Recommended Guidelines? by Baba Sulemana Mohammed, Matthew Aidoo

“…Common etiologies for liver cirrhosis were chronic hepatitis B 80 (52.6%) and chronic hepatitis C 30 (19.7%); about 12.5% of etiologies were unknown. …”
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Liver Cirrhosis: Evaluation, Nutritional Status, and Prognosis by Hiroki Nishikawa, Yukio Osaki

“…The liver is the major organ for the metabolism of three major nutrients: protein, fat, and carbohydrate. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is the major cause of chronic liver disease. …”
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HCV and Lymphoproliferation by Anna Linda Zignego, Carlo Giannini, Laura Gragnani

“…Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious public health problem because of its worldwide diffusion and sequelae. …”
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