A Mathematical Model for DNA Damage and Repair by Philip S. Crooke, Fritz F. Parl

“…The model allows us to examine the effect of phenotypic and genotypic factors such as different concentrations of estrogen and variant enzyme haplotypes on the formation and repair of DNA adducts.…”
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Genetic Associations in Acquired Immune-Mediated Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes: Insights in Aplastic Anemia and Chronic Idiopathic Neutropenia by Irene Mavroudi, Helen A. Papadaki

“…Various alleles and haplotypes of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) molecules have been implicated in the predisposition of developing the above diseases, as well as polymorphisms of inhibitory cytokines such as interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and transforming growth factor-β1 along with polymorphisms on molecules of the immune system including the T-bet transcription factor and signal transducers and activators of transcription. …”
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Relationship of the gene pool of the Khants with the peoples of Western Siberia, Cis-Urals and the Altai-Sayan Region according to the data on the polymorphism of autosomic locus a... by V. N. Kharkov, N. A. Kolesnikov, L. V. Valikhova, A. A. Zarubin, M. G. Svarovskaya, A. V. Marusin, I. Yu. Khitrinskaya, V. A. Stepanov

“…The results of the analysis of autosomal SNPs frequencies by various methods, the similarities in the composition of the Y-chromosome haplogroups and YSTR haplotypes indicate that the Khanty gene pool is quite specific. …”
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Attributable risk factors for asymptomatic malaria and anaemia and their association with cognitive and psychomotor functions in schoolchildren of north-eastern Tanzania. by Geofrey Makenga, Vito Baraka, Filbert Francis, Daniel T R Minja, Samwel Gesase, Edna Kyaruzi, George Mtove, Swabra Nakato, Rashid Madebe, Sif R Søeborg, Kathrine H Langhoff, Helle S Hansson, Michael Alifrangis, John P A Lusingu, Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden

“…The wild type Pfcrt haplotypes (codons 72-76, CVMNK) were found in 99.1% (n = 219) of the samples. …”
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Overview of Celiac Disease in Russia: Regional Data and Estimated Prevalence by Lyudmila V. Savvateeva, Svetlana I. Erdes, Anton S. Antishin, Andrey A. Zamyatnin

“…Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of dietary gluten from some cereals mainly in individuals carrying the HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 haplotypes. As an autoimmune disease, CD is manifested in the small intestine in the form of a progressive and reversible inflammatory lesion due to immune response to self-antigens. …”
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Ficolins and the Recognition of Pathogenic Microorganisms: An Overview of the Innate Immune Response and Contribution of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms by Stefan Bidula, Darren W. Sexton, Silke Schelenz

“…Moreover, there has been expanding evidence highlighting that mutations within these key immune proteins, or the possession of particular haplotypes, enhance susceptibility to colonization by pathogens and dysfunctional immune responses. …”
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ANALYSIS OF POLYMORPHISM OF ORGANELLE DNA TO ELUCIDATE THE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF NORWAY SPRUCE IN THE EAST EUROPEAN PLAIN by E. K. Potokina, A. A. Kiseleva, M. A. Nikolaeva, S. A. Ivanov, P. S. Ulianich, A. F. Potokin

“…Among the trees analyzed, some had chloroplast DNA sequences (trnT-trnF) assigned to P. abies, others carried cpDNA haplotypes fixed for P. obovata. Analysis of organelle DNA allows revealing the hybrid nature of spruces resulting from cross-pollination of different species.…”
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Diversity, Biocontrol, and Plant Growth Promoting Abilities of Xylem Residing Bacteria from Solanaceous Crops by Gauri A. Achari, Raman Ramesh

“…Amplified rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) grouped these xylem residing bacteria (XRB) into 38 haplotypes. Twenty-eight strains inhibited growth of R. solanacearum and produced volatile and diffusible antagonistic compounds and plant growth promoting substances in vitro. …”
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Investigating mobile element variations by statistical genetics by Shohei Kojima

“…The use of MEVs in eQTL analysis and GWAS has a minimal impact on the discovery of genome loci associated with gene expression and disease; most disease-associated haplotypes can be identified by single nucleotide variations (SNVs). …”
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Development of a New Marker System for Identification of Spirodela polyrhiza and Landoltia punctata by Bo Feng, Yang Fang, Zhibin Xu, Chao Xiang, Chunhong Zhou, Fei Jiang, Tao Wang, Hai Zhao

“…These results indicate that this method is not only good for interspecies identification but also ideal for intraspecies distinguishing. Meanwhile, 11 haplotypes were found in both the S. polyrhiza and L. punctata ecotypes. …”
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Genetic Diversity and Population Differentiation of the Causal Agent of Citrus Black Spot in Brazil by Ester Wickert, Antonio de Goes, Andressa de Souza, Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos

“…We observed that different populations are closely related and present little genetic structure according to varieties and geographic places with the highest genetic diversity distributed among isolates of the same populations. The same haplotypes were sampled in different populations from the same and different orange varieties and from similar and different origins. …”
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Genomic analysis of three medieval parchments from German monasteries by Felix Heinrich, Henner Simianer, Jörg Bölling, Hedwig Röckelein, Christian Roos, Christian Reimer, Armin O. Schmitt

“…We further identified 39 haplotypes and 132 SNPs variants, which are rare ( $$<0.1$$ < 0.1 ) or even non-existent in modern breeds. …”
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Genetic Diversity and Population Differentiation of Guignardia mangiferae from “Tahiti” Acid Lime by Ester Wickert, Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos, Luciano Takeshi Kishi, Andressa de Souza, Antonio de Goes

“…As gene flow was detected among the studied populations and they share haplotypes, it is possible that all populations, from citrus plants and also from the other known hosts of this fungus, belong to one great panmictic population.…”
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USE OF ALLELE-SPECIFIC MARKERS OF THE PPD AND VRN GENES FOR PREDICTING GROWING SEASON DURATION IN BARLEY CULTIVARS by M. M. Zlotina, O. N. Kovaleva, I. G. Loskutov, E. K. Potokina

“…Among cultivars with identical genotypes for Ppd-H1 and Ppd-H2, those having the allelic combination Vrn-H1vrn-H2Vrn-H3 flower significantly earlier than with other haplotypes. The use of allele-specific markers of Ppd and Vrn genes makes breeding for early ripeness easier and faster.…”
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The rs1634330 Polymorphisms in the SOST Gene Are Associated with Body Composition in Chinese Nuclear Families with Male Offspring by Luyue Qi, Lianyong Liu, Li Li, Weiwei Hu, Wenzhen Fu, Ji Hu, Youjia Xu, Zhenlin Zhang

“…QTDT analysis showed that rs1634330 was significantly associated with trunk LM P<0.05. However, haplotypes were not found to be significantly associated with the body composition in the within-family association. …”
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Review of celiac disease in the pediatric population by Aleksandra Strawińska, Maria Wydro, Magdalena Grotowska, Martyna Łukasiewicz

“…Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disease triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals, primarily those with HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes. The global prevalence of CD ranges from 0.5% to 1%. …”
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The Role of Mannose-Binding Lectin in Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock by Gennaro De Pascale, Salvatore Lucio Cutuli, Mariano Alberto Pennisi, Massimo Antonelli

“…In critically ill patients higher incidence and worse prognosis of severe sepsis/septic shock appear to be associated with low-producers haplotypes. However an excess of MBL activation might be also harmful due to the possibility of an unbalanced proinflammatory response and an additional host injury. …”
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The Missing Heritability in T1D and Potential New Targets for Prevention by Brian G. Pierce, Ryan Eberwine, Janelle A. Noble, Michael Habib, Hennady P. Shulha, Zhiping Weng, Elizabeth P. Blankenhorn, John P. Mordes

“…It is strongly associated with susceptibility haplotypes within the major histocompatibility complex, but this association accounts for an estimated 50% of susceptibility. …”
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Molecular Identification of Fungal Communities in a Soil Cultivated with Vegetables and Soil Suppressiveness to Rhizoctonia solani by Silvana Pompéia Val-Moraes, Eliamar Aparecida Nascimbem Pedrinho, Eliana Gertrudes Macedo Lemos, Lucia Maria Carareto-Alves

“…The molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) indicated that fluctuations observed of haplotypes in the composition may be related to herbicide application.…”
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Central nervous system B-cell lymphoma in a patient diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids: A case report by Evangelos Koumasopoulos, Evangelia-Anna Spiteri, Aigli G Vakrakou, Panagiotis Toulas, Georgios Velonakis, George Stranjalis, Leonidas Stefanis, Maria-Eleptheria Evangelopoulos, Maria Anagnostouli

“…In our opinion, the presented case supports the putative neoplastic nature of the disease, at least in the long term, and/or along with Epstein–Barr virus involvement, which is known that have been related to other immune-mediated diseases such as multiple sclerosis and malignancies, especially with specific human leukocyte antigen haplotypes. Further research is needed and close monitoring of such patients is strongly recommended.…”
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