Phase Transformation, Microstructures, and Mechanical Properties of α + β Two-Phase Titanium Alloy Deposited Metal by Surfacing Welding by Naiwen Fang, Ruisheng Huang, Kai Xu, Tianli Zhang, Pengbo Wu, Yiming Ma, Hao Cao, Jian Qin, Jipeng Zou

“…The results showed that primary α phase began to appear at grain boundaries when the deposited metal was heated to 890.5°C, and microstructures were all composed of coarse β columnar grains after the temperature was raised to 1 190.2°C; with the increase of cooling rate during the cooling process, temperature for starting new phase transformation decreased from 943.7°C to 811.1°C, and temperature for ending the transformation increased gradually from 708.0°C to 736.2°C; when cooled to room temperature at a rate of 1°C/s, microstructures consisted of α phase; at a rate of 15°C/s, acicular α′ martensite appeared in the microstructures; at 100°C/s, the microstructures were completely comprised by acicular α′ martensite; when the cooling rate was low, V element would be slightly precipitated from αgb into the matrix; when cooling turned faster, V element had no time to enter the matrix by diffusion, so it became uniformly distributed; as the cooling rate getting faster, lamellar microstructures became thinner gradually, and microhardness of the deposited metal was improved in a gradual manner.…”
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Restoration of the spike architectonics in ancient barley excavated at the twelfth-century settlement of Usvyaty by T. V. Semilet, N. V. Smirnova, N. A. Shvachko, O. N. Kovaleva, E. K. Khlestkina

“…Fragments of domestication genes from contemporary and ancient barley grain samples underwent Sanger sequencing. Results. …”
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Effect of non-starch polysaccharides and butterfly pea flower on the in vitro digestibility of glutinous rice by Jamie Xiu Qing Siah, Teck Ann Ong, Oni Yuliarti, Joshua Ding Wei Teo

“…The findings suggest that C5 and BPF influenced the digestibility and textural properties of GR through their interactions with starch molecules and ability to form a protective layer around the rice grains. This study provides valuable insights into strategies for lowering the glycaemic response of glutinous rice products.…”
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Synthesis of Acetylene Black and Polyvinylidene Difluoride to Improve the Conductivity of Li-ion Nickel Manganese Cobalt Batteries by Totok Dermawan, Agus Sudjatno, Edy Yulianto, Yustinus Purwamargapratala, Suroso Suroso, Budi Suhendro, Ign Agus Purbhadi Wirgiyanto

“…These findings suggest that higher particle density, improved size distribution, and smaller particle grains contribute to higher conductivity. …”
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Characterization of Cobalt Sulfide Thin Films Synthesized from Acidic Chemical Baths by Tizazu Abza, Dereje Gelanu Dadi, Fekadu Gashaw Hone, Tesfaye Chebelew Meharu, Gebremeskel Tekle, Eyobe Belew Abebe, Kalid Seid Ahmed

“…The scanning electron microscopic images revealed crack and pinhole free thin films with uniform and smooth background and few large polygonal grains on the surface. The band gap of the cobalt sulfide thin films decreased from 1.75 eV to 1.3 eV as the deposition time increased from 2 hrs to 3.5 hrs. …”
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Effects of CO2 Enrichment on Growth and Development of Impatiens hawkeri by Fan-Fan Zhang, Yan-Li Wang, Zhi-Zhe Huang, Xiao-Chen Zhu, Feng-Jiao Zhang, Fa-Di Chen, Wei-Min Fang, Nian-Jun Teng

“…Furthermore, significant changes in chloroplast ultrastructure were observed at CO2 enrichment: an increased number of starch grains with an expanded size, and an increased ratio of stroma thylakoid to grana thylakoid. …”
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Dissipation and Residue Level of Thifluzamide in Rice Field Ecosystem by Weitao Chen, Minghui Li, Wenxi Li, Xuemin Wu, Lijun Han

“…An efficient modified QuEChERS method combined with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS/MS) was established and evaluated for the residue analysis of thifluzamide in rice grain, husk, straw, seedling, paddy water, and soil. …”
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Tribological Analysis of Mg2Si Particulates Reinforced Powder Metallurgy Magnesium Alloy Composites under Oil Lubrication Condition by Katsuyoshi Kondoh, Junko Umeda, Kenshi Kawabata

“…The RPW process was effective in refining both Mg2Si reinforcements and α-Mg grains causing the matrix hardening. When increasing the repetition number of RPW process from 200 to 600 cycles, the particle size of Mg2Si additives changed from 8 μm to 1~2 μm, and α-Mg grain size was 1 μm or less. …”
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GOLD POTENTIAL OF THE UPPER DEVONIAN BASAL CONGLOMERATES OF THE KANIN PENINSULA (NENETS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT, RUSSIA) by M.A. Pavlova, D.A. Varlamov, S.M. Snigirevsky, D.V. Zarkhidze, S.V. Petrov, M.A. Rassomakhin

“…The poorly rounded native gold grains, the absence of supergene rims and preservation of mineral inclusions in the margins indicate its proximal primary source. …”
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The influence of iron impurities on the compression behaviour of Al-2.24Mg-2.09Li alloy by Kozina F., Zovko-Brodarac Z., Petrič M., Penko A.

“…The coarse morphology of Al3Fe particles and location at the grain boundaries of αAl grains contributed to low energy intergranular fracture. …”
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Evolution of Microstructure and Microsegregation of Ti-45Al-8Nb Alloy during Directional Solidification by Xiangjun Xu, Rui Hu, Junpin Lin, Jian Guo

“…The results show that the DS ingots include the no melting zone, directionally solidified zone with columnar grains, mushy zone, and quenched liquid zone. The primary dendritic arm spacings are 353 μm and 144 μm, respectively, for the two ingots. …”
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of A7N01 aluminum alloy weld joints filled with ER5356 and ER5087 weld wires by Xie H., Hu L., Ma Q.-H., Meng W., Yin X.-H.

“…The high strength and the good elongation of 7N01/5087 welded joint were mainly attributed to the microstructure refinement in the weld zone through adding Zr element to promote the nucleation of Al grains around the Al3Zr sites.…”
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Are Ancient Durum Wheats Less Toxic to Celiac Patients? A Study of α-Gliadin from Graziella Ra and Kamut by M. Stella Colomba, Armando Gregorini

“…In the present paper, the controversial hypothesis suggesting ancient grains might show lower immunogenic properties and therefore the possibility to introduce them in the diet of wheat-sensitive people, including celiac patients, was investigated. …”
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Formation Patterns of Major Flavor Substances Based on the Analysis of Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity in the Traditional Solid-State Fermentation System of Shanxi Aged Vinegar by SHEN Jin, ZHOU Jingli, LANG Fanfan, YAN Yufeng, WANG Li, XIA Yaoyao, LI Jie, ZHANG Feng, WANG Chenyuan, ZHENG Yu

“…Samples of fermented grains (Cupei) taken at different spatial locations and at different fermentation times were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics, flavor substances and microbial community composition by metagenomics and headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). …”
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Sources and methods of phosphorus application in maize cultivation by Idianara Fernanda Pizzatto, Alcir José Modolo, José Ricardo da Rocha Campos, Laércio Ricardo Sartor, Diego Fernando Daniel, Alessandro Bandeira Dalbianco, Rivanildo Dallacort

“…The following parameters were evaluated: final plant stand, plant height, stalk diameter, ear insertion height, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, 1000-grain weight, and grain productivity. …”
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Effect of surface roughness on the mechanical properties in gradient structured pure copper by Cong Li, Huma Tabasum, Lele Sun, Xingfu Li, Zhilin Wu, Yulan Gong, Hongjiang Pan, Xinkun Zhu

“…After fully annealing this gradient material in a vacuum environment and allowing the grains to grow completely (retaining the roughness caused by SMAT processing), it was found that its tensile mechanical properties were similar to those of fully annealed coarse-grained copper before SMAT processing. …”
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Adaptive potential of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) varieties of Azerbaijan by Kh. N. Rustamov, Z. I. Akparov, M. A. Abbasov

“…Durum wheat yields under the conditions of moderately continental climate in Mountainous Shirvan depended on the number and weight of grains per ear. The varieties identified for the best adaptability are recommended to be included in crosses to develop new plastic cultivars of durum wheat.…”
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Finite Element Research of Cup Wheel Grinding Heat Based on Trochoid Scratch Model by Pengcheng Zhao, Bin Lin, Jingguo Zhou, Bingrui Lv, Tianyi Sui

“…With this approach, certain assumptions were made to facilitate analysis, including the modeling of abrasive grains as rigid point heat sources. Finite element simulations and experimental validations based on the trochoid model were conducted using COMSOL 6.2 software. …”
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Effect of Post-Processing on the Microstructure of WE43 Magnesium Alloy Fabricated by Laser Powder Directed Energy Deposition by Leila Sorkhi, Nathan J. Madden, Grant A. Crawford

“…As-deposited samples exhibited roughly 2% porosity, which was reduced to below 0.1% after hot isostatic pressing. Despite limited grain growth after heat treatment, some grains experienced abnormal grain growth, likely due to Zener pinning and non-uniform dissolution of grain boundary precipitates. …”
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Study on Fatigue Fracture Behavior of S32750 Duplex Stainless Steel at Different Solution Temperatures by Shun Bao, Han Feng, Zhigang Song, Jianguo He, Xiaohan Wu, Yang Gu

“…The primary contributor to the extended fatigue life is the increased number of absorbed dislocations within the ferrite grains.…”
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