Causes and Metabolic Consequences of Gynecomastia in Adult Patients by Ralitsa Robeva, Atanaska Elenkova, Sabina Zacharieva

“…The development of GM in adults might be an important symptom of an underlying gonadal disease. Moreover, it could be associated with an increased risk of metabolic disturbances. …”
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Neuroendocrine Alterations in Obese Patients with Sleep Apnea Syndrome by Fabio Lanfranco, Giovanna Motta, Marco Alessandro Minetto, Matteo Baldi, Marcella Balbo, Ezio Ghigo, Emanuela Arvat, Mauro Maccario

“…Some derangement in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) secretion has been demonstrated by some authors, whereas a normal thyroid activity has been described by others. Changes of gonadal axis are common in patients with OSAS, who frequently show a hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. …”
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Reproductive features of Gerres longirostris Lacepède, 1801 (Perciformes: Gerreidae) off the Red Sea coast of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia by Gabr Mohamed Hosny, Al-Harbi Mamdoh Ali, Sumon Md Afsar Ahmed

“…Histological examination of gonads revealed that their maturation in this species is asynchronous, with different developmental stages of oocytes at the same time, which indicates that the species is a multiple-batch spawner with indeterminate fecundity.…”
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Maternal exposure to tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate induces F0 female reproductive toxicity and offspring developmental toxicity in zebrafish by Anqi Dong, Wenqian Lei, Weiqi Zhou, Wenwen Li, Jianghua Wang

“…The observed impacts on the F0 generation were linked to a marked decrease in 17β-estradiol concentrations and disruptions in the gene expression patterns along the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver (HPGL) axis. Moreover, the accumulation of TBOEP in F0 and their embryos (F1) was observed, indicating significant maternal transfer of TBOEP to the offspring. …”
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Variability in Morphological Traits and Nutritional Profiles of Adult <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i> in Different Aquacultural Regions by Wenrong Feng, Qinghong He, Jianlin Li, Jun Zhou, Guoan Hua, Yuanfeng Xu, Gang Jiang, Yongkai Tang

“…The analysis of fatty acid contents revealed that muscles were rich in PUFAs, whereas MUFAs were dominant in the hepatopancreas and gonads. The fatty acid levels were significantly higher in ovaries than in testes, notably in the HZ (Huzhou in Zhejiang province), EZ (Ezhou in Hubei province), YY, and JX groups. …”
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Compared to Fishmeal, Dietary Soybean Meal Improves the Reproductive Performance of Female Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) Broodstock by Zheng Chen, Shuzhan Fei, Cui Liu, Yuanhui Duan, Haokun Liu, Dong Han, Junyan Jin, Yunxia Yang, Xiaoming Zhu, Shouqi Xie

“…Dietary SBM and RSM also resulted in lower mesenteric fat index (MFI), plasma total cholesterol (TC), plasma total bilirubin (T-Bil) contents, and gonadal cortisol concentrations, while dietary SBM downregulated the transcription levels of steroidogenesis-related proteins by negative feedback (P<0.05). …”
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Deletion of Ovarian Hormones Induces a Sickness Behavior in Rats Comparable to the Effect of Lipopolysaccharide by Hamid Azizi-Malekabadi, Mahmoud Hosseini, Masoume Pourganji, Hoda Zabihi, Mohsen Saeedjalali, Akbar Anaeigoudari

“…The effects of female gonadal hormones on both neuroinflammation and depression have also been well considered. …”
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Effect of VPAC1 Blockade on Adipose Tissue Formation and Composition in Mouse Models of Nutritionally Induced Obesity by H. Roger Lijnen, Kathleen Freson, Marc F. Hoylaerts

“…Administration of MAb 23A11 (25 mg/kg body weight i.p. twice weekly) to 5-week old male C57Bl/6 mice kept on a high-fat diet for 15 weeks had no significant effect on weight gain, nor on subcutaneous (SC) or gonadal (GON) adipose tissue mass, as compared to the control MAb 1C8. …”
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Sexual Well-Being in Adult Male Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia by Bogna Dudzińska, Jonas Leubner, Manfred Ventz, Marcus Quinkler

“…Men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency show impaired fecundity due to testicular adrenal rest tumors and/or suppression of the gonadal axis. Sexual well-being might be an additional factor; however, no data exists. …”
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SHOX and sex difference in height: a hypothesis by Tsutomu Ogata, Atsushi Hattori, Maki Fukami

“…In this regard, previous studies have revealed that (1) distribution of the mean adult heights in subjects with disorders accompanied by discordance between sex chromosome complement and bioactive sex steroids and in control subjects (the British height standards) indicates that, of the ~12.5 cm of sex difference in the mean adult height, ~9 cm is accounted for by the difference in the sex chromosome complement and the remaining ~3.5 cm is explained by the dimorphism in sex steroids (primarily due to the growth-promoting effect of gonadal androgens); (2) according to the infancy-childhood-puberty growth model, the sex difference in the childhood growth function produces height differences of ~1 cm in childhood and 8–10 cm at 18–20 years of age, whereas the sex difference in the pubertal growth function yields height difference of ~4.5 cm at 18–20 years of age; and (3) SHOX expression and methylation analyses using knee cartilage tissues and cultured chondrocytes have shown lower SHOX expression levels in female samples than in male samples and methylation patterns consistent with partial spreading of X-inactivation affecting SHOX in female samples. …”
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A bioinformatic approach to characterize the vitellogenin receptor and the low density lipoprotein receptor superfamily in the newt Cynops orientalis by Chiara Spinsante, Federica Carducci, Elisa Carotti, Adriana Canapa, Davide Bizzaro, Maria Assunta Biscotti, Marco Barucca

“…The secondary structure analyses and the expression profiles obtained from hepatic and gonadal tissues of C. orientalis supported the role of VTGR as vitellogenin oocyte membrane receptor in this species. …”
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The role of KNDy neurons in human reproductive health by Aki Oride, Haruhiko Kanasaki

“…Since then, studies in mice and other animals have revealed that kisspeptin is located at the apex of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and regulates reproductive functions by modulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). …”
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Association between Late Manifestations of Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome and Anogenital Distance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Carolina Arissa Tsutida, Ana Carolina Bernard Veiga, Anderson Joel Martino-Andrade, Diancarlos Pereira de Andrade, Rosiane Guetter Mello, Juliane Centeno Müller

“…Background: In 2001, Skakkebæk et al. proposed that certain male reproductive disorders might be grouped into a syndrome called testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS), as they all appear to be associated with disruption of the embryonic and foetal programming of gonadal development. TDS may be manifested in early life by the presence of genital malformations (hypospadias and cryptorchidism) and in adult life as disorders represented by low sperm counts and testicular cancer. …”
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The Impact of Physical Activities on Male Fertility: A Systematic Review by Albert Kapla, Alicja Černohorská, Daria Bednarczyk, Julia Białeta, Karolina Siembab, Katarzyna Rowińska, Michalina Jurkiewicz, Wiktor Garbarczyk, Wiktoria Pysiewicz, Agnieszka Napieralska

“…Another issue discussed is the negative impact of exercise on fertility, as well as injuries in the perineal region—some of which directly affect organs, surrounding tissues (such as nerves), and regulatory mechanisms like hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Materials and Methods This study was conducted as a comprehensive literature review based on scientific articles and research papers accessed through two primary databases: PubMed and Google Scholar. …”
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Comparative Analysis of Embryonic Development and Antioxidant Stress Response in Hybrid Grouper (<i>Epinephelus fuscoguttatus</i> ♀ × <i>E. lanceolatus</i> ♂) with Different Ploidy... by Haizhan Tang, Yang Li, Meng Zhang, Xin Fan, Jian Luo, Xin Wen

“…Their underdeveloped gonads redirect energy from reproduction to muscle growth. …”
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Functional Involvement of Melatonin and Its Receptors in Reproductive Regulation of the Marine Teleost, Large Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys crocea</i>) by Xudong Liang, Jixiu Wang, Baoyi Huang, Haojie Yuan, Yucheng Ren, Chenqian Wu, Tianming Wang, Jingwen Yang

“…Enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results further demonstrated that in vitro melatonin incubation in the brain of <i>L. crocea</i> influenced gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and testosterone secretion in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting actions beyond the classical hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis. Overall, our findings provide new evidence supporting the role of the melatonin system in reproductive regulation in marine teleosts.…”
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Immunoreactivity of the SARS-CoV-2 entry proteins ACE-2 and TMPRSS-2 in murine models of hormonal manipulation, ageing, and cardiac injury by Susan Bengs, Alexia Rossi, Martina Haberecker, Nidaa Mikail, Alexander Meisel, Achi Haider, Muriel Grämer, Angela Portmann, Atanas Todorov, Christof Schönenberger, Caroline E. Gebhard, Gabriela M. Kuster, Vera Regitz-Zagrosek, Catherine Gebhard

“…Our experimental data indicate that gonadal hormones and biological sex do not alter ACE-2 and TMPRSS-2 expression in the respiratory tract in mice, independent of disease state. …”
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The Rapid Effect of Bisphenol-A on Long-Term Potentiation in Hippocampus Involves Estrogen Receptors and ERK Activation by Xiaowei Chen, Yu Wang, Fang Xu, Xiaofei Wei, Junfang Zhang, Chuang Wang, Hua Wei, Shujun Xu, Peiyun Yan, Wenhua Zhou, Istvan Mody, Xiaohong Xu, Qinwen Wang

“…Bisphenol-A (BPA), a widely used synthetic compound in plastics, disrupts endocrine function and interferes with physiological actions of endogenous gonadal hormones. Chronic effects of BPA on reproductive function, learning and memory, brain structure, and social behavior have been intensively investigated. …”
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Central Precocious Puberty and Response to GnRHa Therapy in Children with Cerebral Palsy and Moderate to Severe Motor Impairment: Data from a Longitudinal, Case-Control, Multicentr... by Patrizia Bruzzi, Maria Francesca Messina, Alessandra Bartoli, Barbara Predieri, Laura Lucaccioni, Simona Filomena Madeo, Alberto Verrotti, Filippo De Luca, Lorenzo Iughetti

“…CPP in CP seems to progress rapidly along time supporting the hypothesis of a more intense activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-axis in these patients.…”
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Testosterone and Adipokines are Determinants of Physical Performance, Strength, and Aerobic Fitness in Frail, Obese, Older Adults by Lina E. Aguirre, Irum Zeb Jan, Kenneth Fowler, Debra L. Waters, Dennis T. Villareal, Reina Armamento-Villareal

“…In this study, we evaluated the independent and combined effects of baseline circulating gonadal, anabolic hormones and adipokines on physical function in 107 frail, obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), and older (≥65 yr) subjects. …”
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