In Vitro Control of Phytophthora infestans and Alternaria solani Using Crude Extracts and Essential Oils from Selected Plants by Lydia G. Mugao, Phyllis W. Muturi, Bernard M. Gichimu, Ezekiel K. Njoroge

“…Sterile distilled water and synthetic fungicide, Ridomil Gold®, were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. …”
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Microfluidic Assays for CD4 T Lymphocyte Counting: A Review by Zhuolun Meng, Hassan Raji, Mahtab Kokabi, Deng Zou, James Chan, Qihao Liu, Ruifeng Zhang, Mehdi Javanmard

“…Flow cytometry remains the gold standard for enumerating CD4 T cells; however, flow cytometers are expensive, difficult to transport, and require skilled medical staff to prepare samples, operate the equipment, and interpret results. …”
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PDK1/mTOR Signaling in Myeloid Cells Differentially Regulates the Early and Late Stages of Sepsis by Juan Du, Guoli Li, Mingxi Hua, Junyan Han, Yu Hao, Hui Zeng, Ang Li, Yaxian Kong

“…The cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) model is the gold standard for the polymicrobial sepsis. In the CLP mice, the myeloid cells play an important role in septic shock. …”
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Exploring anti-cancer activities of epidermal growth factor-immobilized polymeric nanoparticles by Shota Yamamoto, Chia-Jung Chang, Masao Kamimura, Jun Nakanishi

“…As alternatives to conventional EGFR inhibitors (EGFRi), which exert side effects on non-cancer cells, EGF-immobilized gold nanoparticles exhibit selective cytotoxicity in EGFR-overexpressing cancer cells by locally enhancing EGFR activation and modulating signal transduction through a signal condensation mechanism. …”
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Detection of Intracranial Hemorrhage from Computed Tomography Images: Diagnostic Role and Efficacy of ChatGPT-4o by Mustafa Koyun, Zeycan Kubra Cevval, Bahadir Reis, Bunyamin Ece

“…Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated by comparing the model’s results with radiologists’ assessments (the gold standard). After a two-week interval, the same dataset was re-evaluated to assess intra-observer reliability and consistency. …”
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Pulmonary Hypertension in Pregnancy: Critical Care Management by Adel M. Bassily-Marcus, Carol Yuan, John Oropello, Anthony Manasia, Roopa Kohli-Seth, Ernest Benjamin

“…Pulmonary artery catheter remains the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension, although its use in the intensive care unit for other conditions has slowly fallen out of favor. …”
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Normative Data for Bone Mass in Healthy Term Infants from Birth to 1 Year of Age by Sina Gallo, Catherine A. Vanstone, Hope A. Weiler

“…For over 2 decades, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has been the gold standard for estimating bone mineral density (BMD) and facture risk in adults. …”
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From Llama to language: prompt-engineering allows general-purpose artificial intelligence to rate narratives like expert psychologists by Barry Dauphin, Caleb Siefert

“…Experimentation indicated that expert-refined prompts outperformed basic prompts regarding interrater reliability and absolute agreement with gold standard ratings. Only the expert-refined prompts were able to generate acceptable single-rater interrater reliability estimates.DiscussionFindings suggest that AI could significantly reduce the time and resource burdens on clinicians and researchers using narrative rating systems like the SCORS-G. …”
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The Value of a Panel of Autoantibodies for Predicting the Activity of Lupus Nephritis at Time of Renal Biopsy by Gabriella Moroni, Silvana Quaglini, Antonella Radice, Barbara Trezzi, Francesca Raffiotta, Piergiorgio Messa, Renato Alberto Sinico

“…Few studies have correlated serum biomarkers with renal histology, the gold standard for renal activity, in lupus nephritis (LN). …”
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Identifying the Predictors of Short Term Weight Loss Failure after Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass by Effat Bahadori, Ali Jafarzadeh Esfehani, Leila Sadat Bahrami, Mohammad Reza Shadmand Foumani Moghadam, Ali Jangjoo, Mohsen Nematy, Afshin Roghani, Reza Rezvani

“…Gastric bypass surgery is a gold standard therapy for severe obesity. This study aimed to evaluate anthropometric predictors for short-term excess weight loss (EWL) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) in a sample of severely obese patients. …”
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A Case of Successful Foraminotomy for Severe Bilateral C5 Palsy following Posterior Decompression and Fusion Surgery for Cervical Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament by Yoshifumi Kudo, Tomoaki Toyone, Toshiyuki Shirahata, Tomoyuki Ozawa, Akira Matsuoka, Yoichi Jin, Katsunori Inagaki

“…Finally, complete motor recovery was achieved in a year. Although the gold standard procedure for the prevention and treatment of postoperative C5 palsy has not yet been established, an additional foraminotomy may be recommended for severe C5 palsy in cases of foraminal stenosis even after the occurrence of palsy.…”
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Glioblastoma Stem Cells Microenvironment: The Paracrine Roles of the Niche in Drug and Radioresistance by Alessia Fidoamore, Loredana Cristiano, Andrea Antonosante, Michele d’Angelo, Erica Di Giacomo, Carlo Astarita, Antonio Giordano, Rodolfo Ippoliti, Elisabetta Benedetti, Annamaria Cimini

“…It is, therefore, crucial to investigate the components/factors of the niche in order to formulate new adjuvant therapies rendering more efficiently the gold standard therapies for this neoplasm.…”
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Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome Using Fusion of Micro-motion Signals from Millimeter-wave Radar and Pulse Wave Data by Xiang ZHAO, Wei WANG, Chenyang LI, Jian GUAN, Gang LI

“…Experimental results of a clinical trial dataset at Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital demonstrated that the AHI estimated by the proposed approach correlates with the gold standard PSG with a coefficient of 0.93, indicating good consistency. …”
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A Novel Method to Evaluate the Effect of Slope Blasting under Impact Loading by Wenhai Zhou, Zhenbao Li, Xin Wu, Shujiang Wang, Yaru Lv, Xiaoming Lou, Chaofei Du, Rui Liang

“…The evaluation method proposed in this paper is used to evaluate the postexplosion effect of Zijin Mountain gold-copper mine slope cast blasting. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy normal distribution membership function can correlate the state characteristic information and evaluation index effectively, and the working condition after explosion can be reflected accurately. …”
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Antisense oligonucleotides for the arterial hypertension mechanisms study and therapy by L. O. Klimov, A. A. Seryapina, V. F. Zarytova, A. S. Levina, A. L. Markel

“…Despite the fact that there is a large group of antihypertensive drugs on the market, mainly representing different combinations of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, adrenoreceptor blockers in combination with diuretics, there is no generally accepted “gold standard” for drugs that would not have side effects. …”
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DNA origami-designed 3D phononic crystals by Park Sung Hun, Park Haedong, Nam Jwa-Min, Ke Yonggang, Liedl Tim, Tian Ye, Lee Seungwoo

“…To this end, 3D phononic crystals (PnCs) have been considered the gold standard because their complete phononic bandgap (PnBG) enables omnidirectional inhibition of phononic wave propagation. …”
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Workflow-driven catalytic modulation from single-atom catalysts to Au–alloy clusters on graphene by Gabriel Reynald Da Silva, João Paulo Cerqueira Felix, Celso R. C. Rêgo, Alexandre C. Dias, Carlos Maciel de O. Bastos, Maurício J. Piotrowski, Diego Guedes-Sobrinho

“…Abstract Gold-based (Au) nanostructures are efficient catalysts for CO oxidation, hydrogen evolution (HER), and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions, but stabilizing them on graphene (Gr) is challenging due to weak affinity from delocalized $$p_{z}$$ carbon orbitals. …”
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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients Investigated for Elevated Liver Enzymes by Krikor Kichian, Ross Mclean, Leah M Gramlich, Robert J Bailey, Vincent G Bain

“…The diagnosis of NAFLD is supported by blood work to exclude other liver diseases, and by ultrasound evidence of fat in the liver in patients without a significant history of alcohol intake. The gold standard, however, is a liver biopsy to show the typical histological features of NAFLD, which are almost identical to those of alcohol-induced liver damage and can range from mild steatosis to cirrhosis. …”
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Electrical Property of 3D Printed Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composite Mesh Reflecting Surfaces by Kunyang Lin, Xiaofei Ma, Zhen Cui, Youwei Kang, Pengfei Huang, Huanxiao Li, Di Wu, Guanlong Su, Xiaoyong Tian

“…The reflecting surfaces of common mesh antennas are usually prepared by gold-plated molybdenum wire which is expensive and hard to produce. …”
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Comparing the Gene Expression Profile of Stromal Cells from Human Cord Blood and Bone Marrow: Lack of the Typical “Bone” Signature in Cord Blood Cells by Julia Bosch, Amelie Pia Houben, Tatiana Hennicke, René Deenen, Karl Köhrer, Stefanie Liedtke, Gesine Kögler

“…With regard to the bone-regenerative capacity, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) can still be termed the “gold standard.” Nevertheless, neonatal stromal cells from cord blood (CB) feature advantages concerning availability, immaturity, and proliferation potential. …”
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