Construction of a Library of Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids by Olga G. Mountanea, Charikleia S. Batsika, Christiana Mantzourani, Christoforos G. Kokotos, George Kokotos

“…Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) have emerged as extraordinary bioactive lipids, exhibiting diverse bioactivities, from the enhancement of insulin secretion and the optimization of blood glucose absorption to anti-inflammatory effects. The intricate nature of FAHFAs’ structure reflects a synthetic challenge that requires the strategic introduction of ester bonds along the hydroxy fatty acid chain. …”
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Consequence of War on Diabetic Mellitus patients in Tigray region, Ethiopia: a longitudinal study by Mehari Gebre Teklezgi, Mengstu Berhe Tekle, Gebru Gebremeskel Gebrerufael, Tesfu Solomon Yeebyo

“…Conclusion The war has significant effect on the poor control of blood glucose level of the adult diabetic patients in Tigray region, Ethiopia. …”
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Polysaccharides of St. John’s Wort Herb Stimulate NHDF Proliferation and NEHK Differentiation via Influence on Extracellular Structures and Signal Pathways by S. Abakuks, A. M. Deters

“…Polysaccharide fraction Hp1 was mainly composed of β-D-glucose. Hp2, Hp3 and Hp4 contained pectic structures and arabinogalactan proteins varying in composition and quantity. …”
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Coordinated Actions of FXR and LXR in Metabolism: From Pathogenesis to Pharmacological Targets for Type 2 Diabetes by Lin Ding, Shuguang Pang, Yongmei Sun, Yuling Tian, Li Yu, Ningning Dang

“…Here we review the recent progress concerning the physiological and pathophysiological roles of FXRs and LXRs in the regulation of bile acid, lipid and glucose metabolism and the implications in T2D, taking into account that these two nuclear receptors are potential pharmaceutical targets for the treatment of T2D and its complications.…”
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Role of Adipokines and Other Inflammatory Mediators in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Nikolaos Vrachnis, Panagiotis Belitsos, Stavros Sifakis, Konstantinos Dafopoulos, Charalambos Siristatidis, Kalliopi I. Pappa, Zoe Iliodromiti

“…These substances as well as other inflammatory mediators (CRP, IL-6, PAI-1, TNF-α) seem to play an important role in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity dysregulation in women with pGDM. …”
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Exploration of Potent Human α-Glucosidase Inhibitors Using In Silico Approaches: Molecular Docking, DFT, Molecular Dynamics Simulations, and MMPBSA by Jyoti Bashyal, Bimal Kumar Raut, Siddha Raj Upadhyaya, Kabita Sharma, Niranjan Parajuli

“…Although commercially available drugs effectively lower blood glucose levels to mitigate hyperglycemia, their associated gastrointestinal side effects necessitate the exploration of explicit inhibitors with minimal side effects. …”
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Serum Bile Acid Profiles in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults and Type 2 Diabetes Patients by Yu Zhou, Deli Ye, Xiaofen Yuan, Yonglie Zhou, Jun Xia

“…Conclusion. Serum BAs regulate glucose homeostasis, but have no special value in the pathogenesis of LADA patients. …”
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Potential Role of Gene Regulator NFAT5 in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus by Lusha Cen, Fengling Xing, Liying Xu, Yi Cao

“…Exposure to elevated glucose increases the expression and nuclear translocation of NFAT5, as well as NFAT5-driven transcriptional activity in vivo and in vitro. …”
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Pengalaman Pasien Diabetes Mellitus yang Tinggal Sendiri dalam Melakukan Manajemen Diri by Sovia Susianty, Mahathir, Fitri Mailani, Hema Malini, Chong Mei Chan

“… Self-management is an important component that will be integrated into the daily activity patterns of people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) to regulate blood glucose levels, reduce symptoms, and prevent complications. …”
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Potential Role of Sugar Transporters in Cancer and Their Relationship with Anticancer Therapy by Moisés Blanco Calvo, Angélica Figueroa, Enrique Grande Pulido, Rosario García Campelo, Luís Antón Aparicio

“…Sugars, primarily glucose and fructose, are the main energy source of cells. …”
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Genetic, Functional, and Immunological Study of ZnT8 in Diabetes by Qiong Huang, Jie Du, Chengfeng Merriman, Zhicheng Gong

“…Zinc participates in insulin synthesis, storage, and secretion by functioning as a “cellular second messenger” in the insulin signaling pathway and glucose homeostasis. The highest zinc concentration is in the pancreas islets. …”
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Research Progress on Biotransformation of Agri-food Lignocellulosic Biomass Waste into Vanillin by ZHOU Man, LI Chenglin, LIN Kailin, CHEN Luyi, WANG Ziyi, YANG Xinying, JIANG Haiyan, ZHANG Xiaoxue, HUANG Xiaoqi, ZHOU Cunshan

“…This article introduces the types and sources of commercial vanillin, the biotransformation pathway of lignin into vanillin by a process termed biological funneling, and the biosynthesis pathway of vanillin using lignin-derived compounds and glucose as fermentation substrates. It reviews recent progress on the microbial transformation of agri-food lignocellulosic biomass waste into vanillin from three perspectives: strain screening, optimization of cultivation conditions, and metabolic engineering to enhance vanillin production. …”
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Ketogenic Diet-Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Young Adult with Unrecognized Type 1 Diabetes by Suranut Charoensri, Jin Sothornwit, Akeatit Trirattanapikul, Chatlert Pongchaiyakul

“…Diabetic ketoacidosis was diagnosed by elevated capillary blood glucose, significant metabolic acidosis, and a high serum beta-hydroxybutyrate level. …”
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Characterization and Pickering emulsifying ability of Adinandra nitida leaf polysaccharides by Yingxuan Zhou, Lu Bai, Sheng Geng, Benguo Liu

“…ANP was identified as a polysaccharide with a weight-average molecular weight of 383.10 ± 8.57 kDa that was mainly composed of galacturonic acid (43.94 ± 3.63 mol%), arabinose (17.44 ± 1.06 mol%), glucose (8.53 ± 0.65 mol%), and rhamnose (4.88 ± 0.32 mol%). …”
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Growth Hormone Therapy for Small for Gestational Age Short Stature Develops Type 2 Diabetes by Naohiro Nomura, Yuko Tanabe, Miki Minami, Junji Takaya, Kazunari Kaneko

“…At 11 years of age, her fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels were 116 mg/dL and 7.4%, respectively. …”
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Effect of Social Factors and the Natural Environment on the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus by Guangtong Dong, Lianlian Qu, Xuefeng Gong, Bing Pang, Weitian Yan, Junping Wei

“…Improvements in blood glucose control can be achieved through nonenvironmental and behavioral interventions.…”
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Insulin Independence in Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Patient following Fenofibrate Treatment by Karsten Buschard, Laurits J. Holm, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen

“…The need for insulin quickly declined, and she took her last dose of insulin 19 days after the first dose of fenofibrate, having regained endogenous control of blood glucose concentrations. She has now been insulin independent for one year and 9 months. …”
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Oleuropein Improves Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in Diabetic Rats through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway by Jianru Shang, Shan Che, Mingjie Zhu

“…A diabetic rat model was constructed using streptozotocin, and the diabetic rats were divided into 3 groups with different treatment for 4 weeks, named STZ group (gavaged with normal saline), STZ+LOE group (40 mg/kg oleuropein, and STZ+SITA group (30 mg/kg sitagliptin). The fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin levels, and HOMA-IR index were measured in rats. …”
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On the Environmental Factors Affecting the Structural and Cytotoxic Properties of IAPP Peptides by Marianna Flora Tomasello, Alessandro Sinopoli, Giuseppe Pappalardo

“…IAPP is physiologically involved in glucose homeostasis, but it may turn toxic to β-cells owing to its tendency to misfold giving rise to oligomers and fibrils. …”
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Exploring mechanisms of insulin action and strategies to treat diabetes by Takayoshi Sasako

“…Not only the liver but also the proximal tubules of the kidney are important in the regulation of gluconeogenesis, and we revealed that insulin suppresses gluconeogenesis in accordance with absorbed glucose in the latter tissue. In skeletal muscle, another important insulin-targeted tissue, impaired insulin/IGF-1 signaling leads not only to sarcopenia, an aging-related disease of skeletal muscle, but also to osteopenia and shorter longevity. …”
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