Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: The Molecular Connectivity between Insulin Resistance, Obesity, and Alzheimer’s Disease by Giuseppe Verdile, Kevin N. Keane, Vinicius F. Cruzat, Sandra Medic, Miheer Sabale, Joanne Rowles, Nadeeja Wijesekara, Ralph N. Martins, Paul E. Fraser, Philip Newsholme

“…Insulin resistance affects many tissues and organs, either through impaired insulin signalling or through aberrant changes in both glucose and lipid (cholesterol and triacylglycerol) metabolism and concentrations in the blood. …”
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Longitudinal Associations between Obesity, Inflammation, and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among US Black and White Adults in the CARDIA Study by Sharon H. Jackson, Anna Bellatorre, Timothy McNeel, Anna María Nápoles, Kelvin Choi

“…Diabetes status was determined in wave 8 based on self-report, blood glucose level, and anti-hyperglycemic medication use in conjunction with a homeostatic model assessment-based classification for distinguishing diabetes subtype. …”
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Analysis of thyroid function and structure and serum metabolomics in pregnant rats exposed to airborne contaminants: Combined perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate exposure by Chenchen Wang, Xiaohui Xu, Jiangling Yuan, Ran An, Aierken Taxitiemuer, Yan Zhang, Tao Luo, Jing Zhou, Chang Wang, Ling Zhang, Shunhua Wu

“…The involved pathways included lipid, glucose, bile acid, choline, and gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism and peroxisome proliferation-activated receptors. …”
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A multilayered regulatory network mediated by protein phosphatase 4 controls carbon catabolite repression and de-repression in Magnaporthe oryzae by Zhicheng Huang, Qing Wang, Yan Li, Pengyun Huang, Jian Liao, Jing Wang, Hui Li, Yingying Cai, Jiaoyu Wang, Xiaohong Liu, Fu-Cheng Lin, Jianping Lu

“…Protein interaction and phosphorylation analyses reveal that under glucose-rich conditions, Snf1 and Smek1 directly regulate the phosphorylation status of CreA and Crf1. …”
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Waist Circumference, Body Mass Index, and Other Measures of Adiposity in Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Peruvian Adults by K. M. Knowles, L. L. Paiva, S. E. Sanchez, L. Revilla, T. Lopez, M. B. Yasuda, N. D. Yanez, B. Gelaye, M. A. Williams

“…Compared to individuals with low-BMI and low-WC, men and women with high-BMI and high- WC had higher odds of elevated fasting glucose, blood pressure, TG, and reduced HDL, while only men in this category had higher odds of elevated CRP. …”
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Biochemical, ecological and molecular characterization of Xenorhabdus anantnagensis associated with Steinernema anantnagense from India: evaluating nematode efficacy against Helico... by Krishnapriya Okram, Aashaq Hussain Bhat, Ladoi Drema

“…Biochemical tests further supported this identification, distinguishing KP_CU from other Xenorhabdus species based on citrate utilization, gelatinase, lysine decarboxylase, urease, arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, glucose oxidation, cytochrome oxidase and indole production. …”
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Effect of Multimodal App-Based Interventions on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Emma Bodner, Lena Roth, Kathleen Wiencke, Christian Bischoff, Peter EH Schwarz

“…The outcome of interest was a reduction in glycated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]; long-term blood glucose measurements). MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in the literature bases PubMed, LIVIVO, and Cochrane, based on the predefined PICO (Population; Intervention; Control; Outcome) scheme. …”
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AMH Is a Good Predictor of Metabolic Risk in Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional Study by Miaoxian Ou, Pei Xu, Han Lin, Kaichi Ma, Mingxing Liu

“…There was no statistically significant relationship between blood pressure, serum glucose profile, or lipid levels and AMH. Binary logistic regression showed that AMH protected against the occurrence of PCOS patients (OR: 0.835, 0.776, and 0.898). …”
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The Transcultural Diabetes Nutrition Algorithm: A Canadian Perspective by Réjeanne Gougeon, John L. Sievenpiper, David Jenkins, Jean-François Yale, Rhonda Bell, Jean-Pierre Després, Thomas P. P. Ransom, Kathryn Camelon, John Dupre, Cyril Kendall, Refaat A. Hegazi, Albert Marchetti, Osama Hamdy, Jeffrey I. Mechanick

“…Assessing glycaemic index (GI) (the ranking of foods by effects on postprandial blood glucose levels) and glycaemic load (GL) (the product of mean GI and the total carbohydrate content of a meal) will be a central part of the Canadian tDNA and complement nutrition therapy by facilitating glycaemic control using specific food selections. …”
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Study on the effects of Mogroside V in inhibiting NLRP3-mediated granulosa cell pyroptosis and insulin resistance to improve PCOS by Wenqin Yang, Yujie Ma, Yafei Wu, Xiaocan Lei, Jing Zhang, Meixiang Li

“…Results The PCOS group exhibited elevated serum testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), insulin, and fasting glucose levels, along with increased insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and decreased estradiol (E2), which were reversed by MV treatment. …”
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Sex-specific alterations in creatine metabolism in cellular compartments of peripheral blood leukocytes in type 1 diabetes by Nina Alchujyan, Elena Aghajanova, Nina Movsesyan, Arthur Melkonyan, Artashes Guevorkian, Armen Andreasyan, Margarita Hovhannisyan

“…The creatine (Cr)/creatine kinase (CK) system plays a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism, glucose control, and the immune response. This study aimed to investigate this system in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of Armenians with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who received insulin therapy. …”
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Toll-Like Receptors and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Advances by Mohammad Sadra Gholami Chahkand, Yasaman Tavakoli, Ava Aghakhani, Monireh Askarzadeh, Hosein Azimi, Nogol Ghalamkarpour, Alaleh Alizadeh, Iman Archin, Sajad Kermani, Akram Ansari, Mohadeseh Poudineh, Zahra Mali, Elaheh Foroughi, Gisou Erabi, Seyed Amirhossein Mazhari, Mohammad Sadegh Fallahi, Niloofar Deravi, Parisa Alsadat Dadkhah

“…They also play critical roles in podocyte injury and inflammation caused by high glucose. TLR2 and TLR4 may be helpful therapeutic targets to prevent or delay DN in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. …”
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Cross-Sectional Relationship between Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity and Biomarkers in Vascular-Related Diseases by Jinbo Liu, Kuanting Wang, Huan Liu, Hongwei Zhao, Wei Huang, Na Zhao, Lihong Li, Hongyu Wang

“…Multivariate analysis showed that pulse pressure, age, fasting plasma glucose, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, and Log UAE were independent associating factors of CFPWV in all subjects (β = 0.334, p<0.001; β = 0.333, p<0.001; β = 0.126, p=0.004; β = 0.137, p=0.003; β = −0.142, p=0.002; and β = 0.098, p=0.031). …”
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Association between serum uric acid-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease among Chinese children with obesity by Meijuan Liu, Bingyan Cao, Qipeng Luo, Yanning Song, Kai Liu, Di Wu

“…Logistic regression analysis showed that obese children with higher UHR levels were significantly associated with MASLD risk, independent of confounding factors such as age, gender, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and creatinine (Cr). …”
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Determinants of Change in Glycemic Status in Individuals with Prediabetes: Results from a Nationwide Cohort Study in Germany by Rebecca Paprott, Christa Scheidt-Nave, Christin Heidemann

“…Previous studies investigating determinants of changes in glycemic status among individuals with prediabetes mainly focused on glucose-defined prediabetes. In this study, we examined determinants of a regression to normoglycemia or a progression to diabetes among individuals with HbA1c-defined prediabetes. …”
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Curcumin and α/β-Adrenergic Antagonists Cotreatment Reverse Liver Cirrhosis in Hamsters: Participation of Nrf-2 and NF-κB by José Roberto Macías-Pérez, Bruno Jesús Vázquez-López, Martin Humberto Muñoz-Ortega, Liseth Rubí Aldaba-Muruato, Sandra Luz Martínez-Hernández, Esperanza Sánchez-Alemán, Javier Ventura-Juárez

“…However, the best effect was the combined effect of doxazosin, carvedilol, and curcumin, reversing liver fibrosis and decreasing the amount of collagen I (Sirius red stain) without affecting the morphology of hepatocytes (hematoxylin and eosin stain), showing normal hepatic function (glucose, albumin, AST, ALT, total bilirubin, and total proteins). …”
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β-Fructofuranosidase and β –D-Fructosyltransferase from New Aspergillus carbonarius PC-4 Strain Isolated from Canned Peach Syrup: Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on Enzyme Pr... by Gustavo Carvalho do Nascimento, Ryhára Dias Batista, Claudia Cristina Auler do Amaral Santos, Ezequiel Marcelino da Silva, Fabrício Coutinho de Paula, Danylo Bezerra Mendes, Deyla Paula de Oliveira, Alex Fernando de Almeida

“…Cultivations with pure carbon sources showed that invertase and FTase were produced from glucose and sucrose, but high levels were also obtained from raffinose and inulin. …”
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SLC22A1 rs622342 Polymorphism Predicts Insulin Resistance Improvement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Metformin: A Cross-Sectional Study by Kunrong Wu, Xiaoli Li, Yuedong Xu, Xiaoqian Zhang, Ziwan Guan, Shufang Zhang, Yan Li

“…Results. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, HbA1c levels, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in patients with the rs622342 AA genotype than in those with C allele (P<0.05). …”
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The synergistic role of gut microbiota and RNA in metabolic diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic insights by Zhuo Huang, Zhuo Huang, Qinyan Yao, Qinyan Yao, Shuang Ma, Shuang Ma, Jinjie Zhou, Jinjie Zhou, Xiaoxuan Wang, Xiaoxuan Wang, Qingguo Meng, Qingguo Meng, Yaxin Liu, Yaxin Liu, Zihan Yu, Zihan Yu, Xin Chen, Xin Chen

“…Microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), modulate RNA expression, influencing lipid metabolism, glucose regulation, and inflammatory responses. Additionally, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as critical regulators in these processes, with emerging evidence showing that gut-derived metabolites affect post-transcriptional gene regulation. …”
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Are Artificial Sweeteners a Healthier Alternative to Sugar? by Julia Buszek, Piotr Czerniak, Adrianna Antoszewska, Weronika Bargiel, Dominika Bąk, Halszka Wajdowicz, Mateusz Warzocha, Michał Medygrał, Sylwia Buszek, Aldona Sokołowska, Maciej Rumian, Alicja Kosel

“…They aid in weight control and glucose regulation but are not universally suitable. …”
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