Dysbiosis in the Pathogenesis of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases by Donatella Comito, Claudio Romano

“…Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract that occur in genetically susceptible individuals. …”
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Refractory Crohn’s Disease of the Vulva Treated with Infliximab: A Case Report by Sapna Makhija, Martin Trotter, Elizabeth Wagner, Sylvain Coderre, Remo Panaccione

“…Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. The common presentation includes abdominal pain, abdominal cramping and diarrhea. …”
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Bacterial Glycosulphatases and Sulphomucin Degradation by Anthony M Roberton, Damian P Wright

“…The presence of a high bacterial population in a region of the gastrointestinal tract is usually associated with the secretion of sulphomucins into the mucus gel covering that region. …”
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A Normal Appearing Duodenal Papilla in Familial Polyposis Need to be Biopsied: A Case Report by Franzjosef Schweiger, Jasim Radhi, Roger M Roberge

“…The upper gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of extracolonic neoplasms in patients with familial polyposis coli. …”
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Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp in a 48-Year-Old Male: A Rare Cause of Intussusception by Theresia Karuhanga, Caroline Ngimba, James J. Yahaya

“…Inflammatory fibroid polyp is a neoplastic condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract and particularly the gastric antrum. …”
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Multiple Oral Leiomyomas in an Infant: A Rare Case by Efraín Alvarez, María P. Laberry, Carlos M. Ardila

“…Oral leiomyoma is a benign smooth muscle tumor that occurs most frequently in the uterine myometrium, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Incidence in the oral cavity is considered uncommon. …”
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Unusual Presentation of Gastric Perforation by Foreign Body: A Case Report by V. S. R. Rao, R. Sarkar, Richard Turner, K. R. Wedgwood

“…Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract by ingested foreign body is rare. The majority of patients do not recall ingestion of the foreign body, and dietary foreign bodies are most commonly involved. …”
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Emerging from a PleurX Draining Catheter: An Unexpected Diagnosis by Hasan Arafat, Hamza A Abdul-Hafez, Ali Sabateen

“…Commonly, it affects the gastrointestinal tract. However, in significantly rare cases, it can affect unexpected body regions, such as biliary tree, pancreas, and the lung. …”
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Abdominal Abscesses and Destruction of Inguinal Canal with Mesh Dislocation caused by a Perforated Diverticulitis by Christoph Paasch, Franziska Renger, Sergej Baschinskij, Martin W. Strik

“…The diverticulitis is a frequent disease of the gastrointestinal tract. It may lead to a variety of severe complications. …”
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Glomus Tumor of the Stomach: Depiction by Multidetector CT and Three-Dimensional Volume Rendering Imaging by Tarak H. Patel, Karen M. Horton, Ralph H. Hruban, Elliot K. Fishman

“…Glomus tumors are uncommon tumors which can occur anywhere within the gastrointestinal tract but have been shown to occur most commonly in the gastric antrum. …”
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Recurrent Adenomatous Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Middle Ear: A Diagnostic Challenge by J. Vilain, J.-C. Degols, S. Ledeghen

“…Middle ear (ME) localization is rare and less aggressive than gastrointestinal tract or lung localizations. Nevertheless, clinical and CT/MRI analyses are necessary follow-ups for preventing or detecting recurrence or metastasis. …”
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Inhibitors of Complement Activity in Human Breast-Milk: A Proposed Hypothesis of Their Physiological Significance by Michael Oladipo Ogundele

“…This would serve to prevent inflammatory-induced tissue damage of the delicate immature gastrointestinal tract of the newborn as well as the mammary gland itself. …”
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Esophageal Involvement in Wegener’s Granulomatosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Glen A Fallows, Sean F Hamilton, Douglas S Taylor, S Bharati Reddy

“…Although multisystemic manifestations are frequent, involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon. Cases have been reported of intestinal perforation, ulceration and hemorrhage. …”
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Role of Endoscopy in the Investigation of Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms in HIV-Infected Patients by C Mel Wilcox

“…With progression of immunodeficiency, endoscopy becomes more important because the predisposition to opportunistic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract is greatly increased. The yield of upper endoscopy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is dependent upon the indication for the procedure, including the clinical presentation and the stage of immunodeficiency. …”
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Fecal microbiome change in patients with ulcerative colitis after fecal microbiota transplantation by A. Y. Tikunov, V. V. Morozov, A. N. Shvalov, A. V. Bardasheva, E. V. Shrayner, O. A. Maksimova, I. O. Voloshina, V. V. Morozova, V. V. Vlasov, N. V. Tikunova

“…Microbiota disruption caused by these factors can lead to severe diseases including inflammatory and oncological diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. One of the possible approaches in managing the intestinal microbiota is fecal microbiota transplantation (FT) – transfer of the microbiota from the stool of a healthy donor to the intestinal tract of a recipient patient. …”
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Management of Anticoagulation for Portal Vein Thrombosis in Individuals with Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review by Geneviève Huard, Marc Bilodeau

“…Anticoagulation is a challenging therapy in individuals with liver cirrhosis because of the well-recognized coagulation abnormalities observed in that setting and because of the increased risk of bleeding, especially from gastrointestinal tract caused by portal hypertension. We herein review the current knowledge on that topic in order to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the currently proposed therapeutic attitudes in face of the diagnosis of PVT in individuals with cirrhosis.…”
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Extranodal Lymphomas as an Unusual Presentation in Usual Sites: A Potential Clinicoradiological Mimicker of Infection by R. Aruna Geethanjali, Brindha Prabhakaran, S. K. Sridevi, L. Priyadharshini, Vishalli Dinesh, V. Archana

“…Here, we present five cases which had ENLs in the gastrointestinal tract, tonsils, thyroid gland, and testis for which histopathology needs ancillary studies like immunohistochemistry to confirm the tissue diagnosis. …”
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Nutritional and Pharmacological Enhancement of the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue by M Keith Hanna, Kenneth A Kudsk

“…The preservation of this mucosal immunity by enteral nutrition is consistent with the lower morbidity seen in severely injured patients who receive nutrition via the gastrointestinal tract. For patients who are unable to be fed by the enteral route and who require parenteral nutrition, several supplements show promise in enhancing the mucosal immune system defenses. …”
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Pathogenesis of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Gastropathy: Clues to Preventative Therapy by Salim MA Bastaki, John L Wallace

“…There is a strong possibility that new NSAIDs entering the market will have greatly reduced toxicity in the gastrointestinal tract.…”
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Complete Histological Resolution of Collagenous Sprue by Hugh J Freeman, Jennifer E Davis, Danny M Myers

“…These results indicate that collagenous inflammatory disease may be a far more extensive process in the gastrointestinal tract than is currently appreciated. Moreover, collagenous colitis may be a clinical signal that occult small intestinal disease is present. …”
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