The Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis, Nutrition and Parkinson’s Disease by Jevgenija Guk, Rūta Kaladytė Lokominienė, Dalius Jatužis

“…According to Braak’s hypothesis, an unknown pathogen in the gastrointestinal tract may initiate the production of pathogenic α synuclein, which would subsequently spread to the central nervous system. …”
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Clostridium septicum Gas Gangrene in Colon Cancer: Importance of Early Diagnosis by Sowmya Nanjappa, Sweta Shah, Smitha Pabbathi

“…It is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacillus found in the gastrointestinal tract and can lead to direct, spontaneous infections of the bowel and peritoneal cavity. …”
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Colonic Interposition in a Woman with Attenuated Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: Does the Location of the Colon Affect Polyp Formation? by Melanie D Beaton, Brian Taylor, David Driman, Peter Ainsworth, Paul C Adams

“…Therefore, various environmental differences between the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract may play a role in the expression of AFAP phenotype.…”
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A Rare Case of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor with a Liver Metastasis Infiltrating the Inferior Vena Cava and Extending to the Right Atrium with an Early Recurrence after Surgical... by Dimitrios Siamkouris, Marc Schloesser, Amr Yousef, Elmar Offers

“…Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The major cause of GIST is the presence of an abnormal form of tyrosine protein kinase (KIT) protein also known as CD117, which causes uncontrollable growth of the gastrointestinal cells. …”
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Bach2: A Key Regulator in Th2-Related Immune Cells and Th2 Immune Response by Guo Liu, Feng Liu

“…Furthermore, studies in various animal models show that Bach2 knockout animals spontaneously develop Th2 inflammation in the airway and gastrointestinal tract. Genome-wide association studies have identified various susceptibility loci of Bach2 which are linked with Th2 inflammatory diseases such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. …”
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Scrotal migration of the abdominal end of the ventriculoperitoneal shunt by Fatih Karatas, Muhammed Erkam Yuksek, Busra Gul, Mehmet Kenan, Mehmet Fatih Erdi

“…Shunt migration is a rare complication of VPS operation, and the shunt catheter may migrate to the gastrointestinal tract, scrotum, bladder, and other organs. …”
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Renal Cell Carcinoma in Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease Patient Who Received Anti-TNF α Therapy by Abdullah Mohammed Albishi, Rafaat Chakik, Mohammed Bazeed

“…Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic inflammatory diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract with different clinical presentations. …”
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Enteric Coated Pellets with Lactoferrin for Oral Delivery: Improved Shelf Life of the Product by Nika Kržišnik, Blaž Grilc, Robert Roškar

“…As Lf is prone to degradation, we aimed to develop a formulation that would ensure sufficient stability of Lf in the gastrointestinal tract and during product storage. Methods: A simple, efficient, and well-established technology that has potential for industrial production was used for the double-coating of neutral pellet cores with an Lf layer and a protective enteric coating. …”
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A Magnetically Capsule Robot for Biomedical Application by Qiang Fu, Xi Zhang, Songyuan Zhang, Chunliu Fan, Zhuocong Cai, Lili Wang

“…This paper is based on the kinetic energy theorem, combined with the principle of spiral mechanism in mechanical design foundation to construct a calculation method of energy utilization and to improve the control effect of capsule robot, suitable for the human gastrointestinal tract precise control of capsule robot to perform a variety of complex tasks. …”
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Early Gastric Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder and H pylori Detection after Kidney Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by CL Nash, LM Price, DA Stewart, F Sepandj, S Yilmaz, A Barama

“…In the era of cyclosporine immunosuppression, the incidence of PTLD affecting the gastrointestinal tract may be increasing in comparison with the incidence seen with the use of older immunosuppression regimens. …”
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Effects of infliximab biosimilar on retinal microvasculature in Crohn’s disease patients evaluated by optical coherence tomography angiography by Hesham M. El Mazar, El sayed E. El Shayeb, Asmaa M. Ebrahim, Ayatullah S.A. Motawe, Esraa S. El-Ghoubashy

“…Background Crohn’s disease is a relapsing, remitting condition that affects the gastrointestinal tract. One approach to management is to use biological therapy. …”
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Estimation of salivary IL-6 and calprotectin in patients with ulcerative colitis by Fadhel A. Abdullah, Maha A. Mahmood

“… Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) it includes two-condition Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) the prolonged inflammation may cause invasion of the multiple layers of the intestinal walls result in GIT damage. …”
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Effect of antisecretory treatment on gastrointestinal microbiota by D. Ye. Rumyantseva, A. S. Trukhmanov, A. V. Kudryavtseva, V. T. Ivashkin

“…The data of few available studies demonstrate microbiota changes throughout gastrointestinal tract at PPI intake. However these results are inconsistent and provide no definite answer whether this changes are beneficial or harmful that requires further studies.…”
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Mycophenolate Mofetil and Clostridium difficile-associated Colitis by A. I. Dolgushina, A. A. Selyanina, E. A. Mezenceva, A. G. Vasilenko, L. I. Pozdeeva, L. Yu. Zhuravleva, E. R. Olevskaya, E. A. Fedorova

“…Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an active immunosuppressant with side effects affecting gastrointestinal tract (GIT). A 37-yo male patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus was admitted at a gastroenterology unit with clinical signs of diarrhoea with haematochezia. …”
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Leiomyoma of the Cheek by Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca, Mário Augusto Ramos Junior, Douglas Baruchi, Tabata Resque Beckmann Carvalho, Andresa Borges Soares, Silvio Augusto Fernandes de Menezes, João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro, Jorge Nazareno Ferreira Fadul

“…Leiomyomas occur most frequently in the uterus or gastrointestinal tract and only very rarely in the area of the cheek. …”
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Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome in a Young Girl from Northern Tanzania by Jay Lodhia, David Msuya, Abdallah Msemo, Huda Akrabi, Patrick Amsi, Deborah Mchaile, Kondo Chilonga

“…Juvenile polyposis syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder in children characterized by multiple polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. A variety of clinical features manifest, including prolapse of a polyp or entire rectum, gastrointestinal bleeding, anaemia, and intussusception. …”
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Endoscopic Detection of Gastric Metastases in Skin Melanoma by M. Yu. Kabanov, K. V. Sementsov, D. B. Degterev, M. Ya. Belikova, D. K. Savchenkov, T. E. Koshelev, A. K. Stechishina

“…Metastatic melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract has non-specific symptoms and most often occurs during the dissemination process. …”
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SMARCA4-Deficient Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Presenting with Fatal Paraneoplastic Hypercalcemia in a Heart Transplant Recipient: First Report in a Male Patient by Abbas Agaimy, Deike Strobel, Thomas Strecker

“…Although the immunophenotype suggests urothelial or upper gastrointestinal tract origin, the exact primary tumor site could not be ascertained due to rapid death of the patient. …”
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Extragastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Differential Diagnosis of Compressive Upper Abdominal Tumor by Clara Kimie Miyahira, Miguel Bonfitto, Jéssyca Fernanda de Lima Farto, Annelise de Figueiredo Calili, Nathalia Rabello da Silva Sousa, Ana Paula de Figueiredo Calili

“…Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGIST) are rare mesenchymal tumor lesions located outside the gastrointestinal tract. A rare compressing tumor with difficult diagnosis is reported. …”
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Role of intestinal probiotics in the modulation of lipid metabolism: implications for therapeutic treatments by Xiaoran Song, Yanan Liu, Xin Zhang, Peifang Weng, Ruilin Zhang, Zufang Wu

“…Currently, accumulating pieces of evidence indicate that probiotics, living in the gastrointestinal tract, play an important role in regulating host metabolism. …”
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